A presentation "Impact of human activities on weather and climate" or "changing climate".

1. BY THE STUDENTS OF
S.D. PUBLIC SCHOOL
EAST PATEL NAGAR

2. MADE BY:
VASU MALHOTRA
XI
NEW DELHI, INDIA

3. OUR AIM:
 “TO ANALYZE CHANGE IN WEATHER AND
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF NEAR BY AREAS AND
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR IT.”
 “TO SUGGEST METHODS TO DEAL WITH THIS
CONDITIONS CREATED BY US.”

4. WHY WE ARE ANALYSING ALL THIS?
 IT IS A WELL-KNOWN FACT THAT HUMANS HAVE BEEN LIVING AND MODIFYING THE
EARTH SINCE THE BEGINNING OF TIME.
 WE CONSCIOUSLY AND SUBCONSCIOUSLY DESTROY OUR PRECIOUS ENVIRONMENT WITH
THE INTENT OFMAKING LIFE EASIER AND ALSO GENERATING ECONOMICAL BENEFITS.
 THE FUTURE OF THE EARTH REMAIN UNCERTAIN DUE TO THE DAMAGING IMPACT THAT
ARISE FROM INDIVIDUALS QUEST FOR FULFILLMENT, ECONOMIC ADVANCEMENT AND A
LACK OF RESPECT FOR THE ENVIRONME.
 DESPITE THE SEASON,OZONE DEPLEITON ,EXTICTION OF MANY SPECIES AND MANY MORE
.WE HUMAN’S STILL ENJOY OUR DOMINATION OVER THE PLANET AND EXPLOIT THINGS
ACCORDING TO OUR NEED
 IF THIS CONTINUES ITS EXPECTED ,WE WILL BE PACKING UP WITH OUR NATURAL NON-RENEWABLE
SOURCES OF ENERGY ,NO SUFFICIENT LAND EVEN TO GENRATE RENEWABLE
ENERGIES ,TEMPRATURE OF THE EARTH WILL RISE TO 5 TO 8 DEGREES,ONLY THE SPECIES
LEFT WOULD BE INSECTS AND HUMANS ,GLACIERS WOULD MELT COVERING HALF THE
PRESENT LANDWITHWATER

6. Change is normal for earth, the problem is that
humans haven’t been here long, and we are only
just beginning to understand our existence
depends on an a static environment that is not
real.
So the problemwith climate change is…
We are making the change happen
faster than it has ever happened
before.
 Note * (it has happened this fast,
its just that not much else has
survived when it did – think

7. WHY SHOULD WE WORRY ABOUT
CHANGING CLIMATE?
 A HEALTHY
ENVIRONMENT IS
ESSENTIAL TO
HUMAN SURVIVAL.
 THE QUALITY OF
HUMAN LIFE IS
DIRECTLY RELATED
TO THE QUALITY OF
THE ENVIRONMENT.
 YOU’LL BE
SHOCKED TO HEAR:

8. NOW YOU’LL ASK WHAT ARE THE HUMAN
ACTIVITIES THAT ARE CAUSING CLIMATE
CHANGE?
ALMOST EVERY HUMAN ACTIVITY HAS SOME
EFFECT ON THE CLIMATE

9. 1. CHANGED LIFESTYLE
 We are consuming resources at a rate which is way
more than the rate at which earth can replenish
those resources.
 Urbanization, Rapid Industrialization and
improvement in standard of living has increased the
carbon footprint of an individual.

10. 2. RELEASE OF GREENHOUSE GASES
 The release of greenhouse gases ( CO2,
chlorofluoromethanes, nitrous oxide, carbon tetrachloride,
carbon disulfide etc.) Increases the atmospheric absorption
and emission of terrestrial infrared radiation (greenhouse
effect), resulting in warming of lower atmosphere and
cooling of the stratosphere.
 This extra warming caused by these gases is the primary
and the most dangerous cause of unpredictable weather
and climate conditions.

11. 3. DEFORESTATION
 Deforestation is an important factor in global climate change.
Climate change is because of a build up of carbon dioxide in outer
atmosphere and if we carry on cutting down the main tool we have to
diminish this CO2 build up, we can expect the climate of our planet to
change dramatically over the next decades.
 Forests play a huge role in the carbon cycle on our planet. When
forests are cut down, not only does carbon absorption cease, but also
the carbon stored in the trees is released into the atmosphere as CO2
if the wood is burned or even if it is left to rot after the
deforestation process.
 It is estimated that more than 1.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide are
released to the atmosphere due to deforestation, mainly the cutting
and burning of forests, every year.

12. 4.AGRICULTURE
The activities of humans are all at the expense of
forest lands and other ecosystems.
Chemical fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation, soil
salinity, ground water contamination,
methane generation NOx generation etc. every practice
of agriculture impacted weather and climate in one
way or the other.

13. 5. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
Demand for meat, diary
products, manure, draught
animals and easy
transport led to animal
rearing in large scale
resulting in soil
compaction, over grazing
energy wastage, methane
generation, deforestation
and water depletion.

14. 6. COMMUNICATION
The communication revolution in the 20th century
increased the demand for paper and other
resources in a tremendous proportion. This led
to
changes in land use pattern, energy utilization,
depletion of water and deforestation.

15. 7. ENERGY PRODUCTION
The progress of modernization resulted in more energy input in
all the
realms of development. Energy from hydel, thermal and nuclear
sources led to greater ecological imbalance on land, water and
atmosphere directly or indirectly impacting on
weather and climate. Increase in GHG, deforestation, mining
generating heat, increased
water consumption, dumping of fly ash etc had direct impact.
Even certain sectors of
renewable sources of energy like wind and solar ha d its impact
on ecosystems.

16. 8. WASTE GENERATION
The life style changes and throw away culture led to
generation of huge
quantity of municipal, biomedical, industrial and
agricultural waste which is cumbersome for
nature to take care in its course. The GHG, open
burning , dumping yards and burning of
rubber, plastic etc added more problems.

17. OUR REQUIREMENTS THEN AND NOW

28. Average global sea level has increased eight
inches since 1880. Global warming is now
accelerating the rate of sea level rise,
increasing flooding risks to low-lying
communities and high-risk coastal properties
whose development has been encouraged by
today's flood insurance system.

30. COSTLY AND GROWING HEALTH
IMPACTS
Climate change has significant implications for our health.
Rising temperatures will likely lead to increased air
pollution, a longer and more intense allergy season,
the spread of insect-borne diseases, more frequent and
dangerous heat waves, and heavier rainstorms and
flooding. All of these changes pose serious, and costly, risks
to public health.

31. MORE SEVERE DROUGHTS
Climate change affects a variety of factors associated with
drought and is likely to increase drought risk in certain
regions. As temperatures have warmed, the prevalence and
duration of drought has increased in the world and
climate models unanimously project increased number of
droughts in the world.

32. CHANGING
SEASONS
Spring arrives much earlier than it used to — 10
days earlier on average in the northern
hemisphere. Snow melts earlier. Reservoirs fill
too early and water needs to be released for
flood control. Vegetation and soils dry out
earlier, setting the stage for longer and more
damaging wildfire seasons.

33. MELTING ICE
Temperatures are rising in the planet’s polar regions,
especially in the Arctic, and the vast majority of the
world's glaciers are melting faster than new snow and ice
can replenish them. Scientists expect the rate of melting
to accelerate, with serious implications for future sea level
rise.

34. THE IMPACTS OF A WARMING WORLD ARE SCARY ENOUGH WHEN
CONSIDERED ONE BY ONE. THE VIEW BECOMES MUCH WORSE WHEN ONE
LOOKS AT THEM TOGETHER

35.  Hurricanes in the Caribbean and the United States.
Extensive droughts in eastern Africa, Australia, southern
Europe and parts of China and India. Uncontrollable floods
in many parts of the world, sometimes preceded by a long
drought.
 Extreme droughts have become regular features. Prolonged
drought in Australia has continued for years with very
few interruptions, and recent droughts in the Amazon,
the United States and southern and western Africa have
made life extremely hard for people and wildlife.

36.  Major floods that used to happen only once in 100 years
now take place every 10 or 20 years. Flooding can be
disastrous. Houses can be destroyed, lives can be ruined,
and wildlife threatened. Major flooding in the Philippines,
and Turkey demonstrate the toll that such events can
have on people's lives.
 Rising sea levels means that tropical cyclones and other
extreme storms could result in much greater storm surges
that will destroy coastal communities and ecosystems.

37.  El Niño events have in recent years increased in
frequency and are often not interrupted by La Niña
events (the opposite of this particular climatic
seesaw).
 A number of scientists say that these changes
cannot be explained by natural causes. While
scientific consensus is still out, Climate Witnesses
in Fiji or in the Sunderbans are already reporting
changes in their daily lives.

38. FUTURE
PLANNING
ACT BEFORE IT’S TOO LATE

39. WHAT THE
SOCIETY CAN
DO

40. PRESERVING FORESTS
Our forests are in crisis. The world has lost half its forests, and
only a tenth of what remains is protected. Each year we lose
another 130,000 square kilometres - an area the size of
England.
Reducing emissions from burning fossil fuels is just one part of
the picture. Another vital step is to stop rampant
deforestation, especially of the world’s tropical rainforests,
which accounts for up to 20% of the world’s carbon dioxide
emissions. We should work with local communities to protect
forests from the large-scale expansion of cash-crop
monocultures such as soy or oil palm.

41. RENEWABLE ENERGY
We should have a vision for a 100% renewable future by 2050.
We should work to ensure a transition to an efficient energy
system focused on clean renewable energy sources such as
wind, wave and solar power.
Most of the energy we use comes from burning fossil fuels,
which is responsible for two thirds of the world’s greenhouse
gas emissions. And that, as we all know, is causing climate
change.
If we can wean ourselves off fossil fuels we’ll solve a major
portion of our problems.

42. GETTING A GLOBAL CLIMATE
DEAL
Climate change is a global problem – that’s why we
need international agreement on how to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions, conserve forests and help
poorer countries adapt to the impacts of a changing
climate. Major economies such as China, India, Brazil,
South Africa, the US and the EU should take hard
decisions at home.

43. CHANGING THE WAY WE
LIVE
We should promote positive changes in the way we all
live, to help us live within the capacity of our one,
small planet. It’s more than just switching to low-energy
light bulbs, although that’s a positive first
step – it’s about pushing forward new technologies,
climate-smart legislation and greener lifestyles.

44. WHAT YOU CAN
DO?

45. REDUCE YOUR ENERGY
CONSUMPTION
Making your home more energy efficient can help reduce high
energy bills, improve comfort and protect the environment.
When shopping for appliances or other household products, opt
for those that have been independently certified to save
energy and help prevent climate change.
Set your refrigerator temperature at 3 to 5 degrees Celsius (38 to
42 degrees Fahrenheit)
Set your freezer between -18 and -15 degrees Celsius (0 and 5
degrees Fahrenheit).
Wash only full loads in your dish and clothes washers, and air dry
when possible. Unplug the appliances when you’re not using
them.

46. WASTE LESS FOOD
Roughly one-third of the food produced in the world for human consumption every year gets
lost or wasted. And once that half-sandwich or week-old lasagna is in the trash can, it’s
easy to forget about the environmental impacts.
But wasted food contributes billions of tons of greenhouse gases. By the time you step into a
grocery store, nearly 3.3 billion tons of emissions are already on their way to the
atmosphere due to the production, processing and transportation of food that is
eventually wasted. Then, in the landfill, decomposing organic waste generates methane, a
potent greenhouse gas that traps 23 times more heat in the atmosphere than carbon
dioxide. More than 20% of all methane emissions come from landfills.
Wasted food also means wasted water — about 25% of all fresh water consumed annually in
the United States is associated with discarded food. Water losses through food waste
occur at home, but they also happen through inefficient food harvesting, transport,
distribution, processing and storage methods. In the U.S. alone, we throw away or waste
about 30% of our food — or about 11 trillion gallons of irrigation water.

47. TRAVEL SUSTAINABLY
The next time you go on vacation or take a
business trip, consider ways you can cut down
on carbon emissions.
Fly direct when possible (takeoff is the most
fuel-intensive segment of any flight) or take a
train.
Use local and public transport whenever possible.

48. SPREAD THE WORD
Tell the world that the fate of the only
planet we’ve ever called home is in
our hands.
THERE ARE STILL A NUMBER OF THOUSAND
SMALL WAYS IN WHICH YOU CAN GIVE YOUR
CONTRIBUTION IN SAVING THE WEATHER AND
CLIMATE.

49. TAKE THE PLEDGE
I RECOGNIZE THAT I NEED NATURE.
I RECOGNIZE THAT NATURE GIVES ME THE AIR I BREATHE, THE FOOD
I EAT, THE WATER I DRINK AND MUCH, MUCH MORE.
I PLEDGE TO PROTECT THE PLANET THAT PROVIDES.
AND I PLEDGE TO SPREAD THIS MESSAGE TO MY FRIENDS, FAMILY
AND NEIGHBOURS — SO THEY, TOO, CAN UNDERSTAND AND
APPRECIATE NATURE’S VALUE.