Geography of the UK. Lesson 1.pptx

Lesson 1
Here are the British Isles
Iuliana (Vizan) Dode
George Calinescu High School, Constanta

Let’s see what you know ^_^
• The UK = ……… + ………
• Great Britain = ……… + ……… + ………
• The British Isles = ……… + ………

Answers ^_^
• The UK = Great Britain + Northern Ireland
• Great Britain = England + Wales + Scotland
• The British Isles = the UK + Ireland
nescu High School, Constanta

Discussion points
location, island, coastline, estuary,
Greenwich
• Why do you think the key terms and
ideas mentioned above are important
to the topic of the lesson?
• What other things come to mind when
you think of Britain?

Did you know that…?
• Zero Meridian (Prime Meridian) passes
through the international Time Measure of
Greenwich, east of London. The local time is
the standard time for Britain, from which
most other world times are calculated.
• There are over 2000 small islands belonging
to the UK.
• The straight line between London and New
York is 5,530 km.

The UK
o United Kingdom, island country located off the
northwestern coast of mainland Europe.
o The capital is London, which is among the world’s
leading commercial, financial, and cultural centers.
o Other major cities include:
• Birmingham, Liverpool, and Manchester in England
• Belfast and Londonderry in Northern Ireland
• Edinburgh and Glasgow in Scotland
• Swansea and Cardiff in Wales.

Map of the UK

Great Britain
• Great Britain, also known as Britain, is an island in the Atlantic
Ocean, off the north-western coast of continental Europe.
• It is the ninth largest island in the world and the largest island
in Europe.
• It is the third most populous island in the world, after Java
(Indonesia) and Honshū (Japan).
• It is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets.
• The island is part of the sovereign state of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, constituting most of its
territory: most of England, Scotland and Wales are on the
island of Great Britain, with their respective capital cities,
London, Edinburgh and Cardiff.

Map of Great Britain

The British Isles
• A group of islands off the
northwestern coast of Europe.
• The group consists of two main
islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and
numerous smaller islands and island
groups, including the Hebrides, the
Shetland Islands, the Orkney Islands,
the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Man.
Some also include the Channel Islands
in this grouping.

Map of the British Isles

The Coasts of Britain – Types and
Processes
• Read the following text to find out the main types of coastline in Britain.
Britain’s coastline is very irregular. There are many indentations
around the British coastline. The most typical types of coastlines are:
Estuary – a funnel-shaped river mouth which resides from flooding of tidal
areas. Some of them contain ports such as London, Liverpool and
Glasgow.
Firth (fjord) – a drowned glaciated valley formed mostly in Scotland after
the Ice Age.
Ria – a river valley drowned by the post-glacial rise in sea-level.
Peninsula – a tract of land, large or small, projecting into a body of water,
having water on three sides. They are common in Cornwall, Devon and
Wales.
Straits and Channels – narrow stretches of water, which separate two
bodies of land (e.g. The Strait of Dover, the English Channel).
The seas around the coasts are quite shallow because Britain lies on
the Continental Shelf.

What processes affect the coasts of
the UK?
• The coastline is constantly changing because of
the work of the sea. Some parts are eroding to
form cliffs while others are building up to form
beaches. Consequently, most places in Britain are
less than 75 miles (120km) from the sea.
• The sea level around the coast is always changing
for another reason. The rise and fall of the sea
produces the tides. There are high-tides and low-
tides every twelve and half hours. This is due to
the attraction of the moon on the Earth.

Match the names of the places mentioned
below with their respective locations:
1. The Wash
2. Strait of Dover
3. St. George’s Channel
4. Liverpool Bay
5. Isle of Man
6. Firth of Clyde
7. Cornwall Devon
a) Is an inlet situated on the
western coast of Scotland
b) Is an island situated in the
Irish Sea
c) Is a Bay in the North-East of
Wales
d) Is a stretch of water
separating Britain from
France
e) Is a channel that separates
Wales from Ireland
f) Is a bay situated on the eat
Coast of Britain
g) Is a peninsula situated in the
South-West of England

Answers ^_^
1. The Wash
2. Strait of Dover
3. St. George’s Channel
4. Liverpool Bay
5. Isle of Man
6. Firth of Clyde
7. Cornwall Devon
6. Is an inlet situated on the
western coast of Scotland
5. Is an island situated in the
Irish Sea
4. Is a Bay in the North-East of
Wales
2. Is a stretch of water
separating Britain from
France
3. Is a channel that separates
Wales from Ireland
1. Is a bay situated on the eat
Coast of Britain
7. Is a peninsula situated in the
South-West of England

Wrapping it all up….
• The British Isles is the geographical name
of the ………. called Great Britain, Ireland
and a multitude of other smaller islands
(the Isle of Man, the Orkneys etc). The
………. Meridian passes through the
eastern part of London. Britain’s ………. is
indented, varied and under constant
change due to its geographical ……….

Answers ^_^
• The British Isles is the geographical name
of the REGION called Great Britain,
Ireland and a multitude of other smaller
islands (the Isle of Man, the Orkneys etc).
The ZERO/PRIME Meridian passes
through the eastern part of London.
Britain’s COASTLINE is indented, varied
and under constant change due to its
geographical POSITION.

That’s all, folks!

Geography of the UK. Lesson 1.pptx

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