Its all about poylmers

1. Rishi Mali

2. Monomer
• A monomer is a molecule that may bind chemically to
other identical molecules to form a polymer
• The most common natural monomer is glucose, which
is linked by glycosidic bonds into polymers such
as cellulose and starch, and is over 77% of the mass of
all plant matter.
• The process by which monomers combine end to end
to form a polymer is called polymerisation.
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3. Monomer
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4. Polymer
 Polymers consist of repeating molecular units which
usually are joined by covalent bonds.
 A polymer may be a natural or synthetic
macromolecule comprised of repeating units of a
smaller molecule (monomers)
 A polymer is a large molecule, or macromolecule,
composed of many repeated subunits.
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5. Polymer
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6. Polymer Chain
 Polymer chains are large molecules, or macromolecules,
made up of many monomers that are joined together.
 A number of different characteristics of a polymer chain
determine the polymer's behavior as a molecule and also
how it interacts with other molecules.
 The name of each polymer chain is often derived from the
monomer backbone
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7. Examples of Polymer Chain
 Linear Polymer
 Branched Polymer
 Cross Linked Polymer
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8. Linear Polymer
 A polymer in which the molecules form long chains
without branches or cross-linked structures.
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9. Branched Polymer
 Polymers with branches at irregular intervals along the
polymer chain are called branched polymers
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10. Cross Linked Polymer
 Cross-linked polymers contain short side chains
(cross links) that connect polymer chains into a
“network”.
 Elastomers are elastic polymers created by limited
cross-linking
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11. Addition (Chain) Polymerization
11
– Initiation
– Propagation
– Termination

12. Crystallinity
 Crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order in
a solid. In a crystal, the atoms or molecules are
arranged in a regular, periodic manner. The degree of
crystallinity has a big influence on hardness,
density, transparency and diffusion
 Crystallinity can be measured using x-ray diffraction,
but calorimetric techniques are also commonly used.
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13. Glass Transition Temperature
 The glass transition is the reversible transition
in amorphous materials (or in amorphous regions
within semicrystalline materials) from a hard and
relatively brittle state into a molten or rubber-like
state.
 The glass transition of a liquid to a solid-like state may
occur with either cooling or compression
 The configuration of the glass in this temperature
range changes slowly with time towards the
equilibrium structure.
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14. An amorphous solid that exhibits a glass transition is called
a glass. Supercooling a viscous liquid into the glass state is
called vitrification.
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15. Thank You
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