The document discusses welding symbols and weld joint design according to ISO standards. It covers elementary weld symbols, supplementary symbols, dimensioning of welds, examples of weld joint applications, edge preparation, basic joint types including butt, tee, lap and corner joints, applicable welds for each joint type, and welding positions.

1. Welding Symbols
(ISO 2553)
and
Weld Joint Design

2. ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Square Groove Weld
Single V Groove Weld

3. ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Single Bevel Groove Weld
Single V Groove Weld with Broad Root Face

4. ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Single Bevel Groove Weld with Broad Root Face
Single U Groove Weld

5. ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Single J Groove Weld
Backing Weld

6. ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Fillet Weld
Plug / Slot Weld

7. ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Spot Weld
Seam Weld

8. ELEMENTARY WELD SYMBOLS
Edge Weld
Surfacing

9. SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
Flat
Convex Concave
Weld Profile

10. SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
Toes blended
smoothly
Permanent
Backing Strip
M
Removable
Backing Strip
MR

11. SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
Peripheral Welds

12. SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
Site welds

13. SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
Tail Optional)
Sequence of Information in the Tail
• Process (as per ISO 4063)
• Acceptance Level (as per ISO 5817 or ISO 10042)
• Working Position (as per ISO 6947)
• Filler Materials (as per ISO 544 or ISO 2560 or
ISO 3581)

14. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Method of representation
Weld Joint
Arrow
Line
Reference Line (Continuous)
Reference Line (Dashed)

15. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Welding on the Arrow Side
Arrow Side
Other Side

16. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Welding on the Other Side
Arrow Side
Other Side

17. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Welding on the Other Side
Other
Side
Arrow
Side

18. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Welding on the Arrow Side
Other
Side
Arrow
Side

19. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Which is the Other Side in this case?
Side A
Side C
Side B
Side D

20. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Welding on both Sides
Other Side
Arrow Side

21. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Symmetric Welding on both Sides

22. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Pointing of Arrows for Bevel and J Joints
OR

23. EXAMPLES OF APPLICATION
Pointing of Arrows for Bevel and J Joints

24. DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Butt Joints
l
s l s

25. DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Fillet Welds
z5 l
5
5
a5 l
5

26. DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Fillet Welds
a a a

27. DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Intermittent Fillet Welds
l (e) l (e)
z n x l (e)
z n x l (e)

28. DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Staggered Intermittent Fillet Welds
z n x l (e)
z n x l (e)
l (e) l (e)
l (e) l (e)

29. DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Spot Weld
d n (e)
d
e e

30. DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Seam Weld
d n x l (e)
d
l e

31. DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Plug Weld
d n (e)
d
e e

32. DIMENSIONING OF WELDS
Slot Weld
d n x l (e)
d
l e

33. WELD JOINT DESIGN

34. Edge Preparation - Need
Poor penetration
Poor strength
Good penetration
Good strength
(100% joint
efficiency)

35. Edge Preparation
Factors which influence choice of edge
preparation
- Thickness
- Material
- Welding process
- Extent of penetration required
- Welding distortion
- Cost

36. Basic Joint Types
butt
tee
lap
corner
edge

37. Basic Weld Types
Groove welds
Fillet weld
Plug / slot weld
Spot / seam weld

38. Applicable Welds for Butt joint
Square Groove weld V Groove weld
U Groove weldBevel Groove weld
J Groove weld

39. Applicable Welds for Butt joint
Double V Groove weld
Double U Groove weld
Double Bevel Groove weld
Double J Groove weld

40. Applicable Welds for Tee joint

41. Applicable Welds for Lap joint
Plug / slot weld
Spot / seam weld
Fillet weld

42. Applicable Welds for Corner Joint

43. Applicable Welds for Edge Joint
Edge weld

44. Butt joint
Square Groove weld
Root gap

45. Butt joint
Single V Groove weld
Groove angle α
Root face
Root gap

46. Weld Reinforcement
Correct
reinforcement
Minimum cost
Good joint
strength
Excess
reinforcement
High cost
Poor joint strength
Under
reinforcement
Poor joint strength

47. Butt joint – Complete Joint penetration
Weld from face side
Back gouging
Back weld

48. Butt joint – Complete Joint penetration
Backing weld
Back gouging

49. Butt joint – Complete Joint penetration
(welding from one side)
TIG / SMAW
welding
Consumable
guide

50. Butt Joint – Double V groove
Less weld metal
Less distortion
Higher edge preparation cost
Better for thickness > 20 mm
More weld metal
More distortion
Lower edge preparation cost
Better for thickness < 20 mm
Double V groove
Single V groove

51. Butt Joint – U groove
Good access at the root
Less weld metal
Higher edge preparation cost
Better for thickness > 40 mm
Groove angle
Root face
Root gap
Root radius

52. Butt Joint – Bevel groove
Double bevel groove
Single bevel groove
Bevel angle 40 to 50°
Difficult to approach
the root
Weld defects
Back gouging to
remove root defects
Good weld quality

53. Butt Joint – J groove
Good access at the root
Back gouging and back welding to get good weld
quality
Less weld metal
Higher edge preparation cost

54. Tee Joint – Full strength joint
leg
leg throat
throat = 0.707 x leg
leg = 1.414 x throat
In a full strength
joint, leg = 0.75 x
thickness

55. Tee Joint – Full penetration joint
leg = throat leg = throat
45° or 60°

56. Tee Joint
Theoretical throat
Actual throat
AWS D 1.1 recommendation when gap > 1.6 mm –
to increase leg size of fillet by the amount of gap

57. Lap Joint
AWS D 1.1 recommendation
Overlap = 5 x thickness (1 inch minimum)
Gap between mating faces = 1.6 mm max
overlap

58. Welding Position – Groove
1 G
2 G
3 G
4 G

59. Welding Position – Groove
1 G 2 G
5 G 6 G
45°

60. Welding Position – Fillet
1F
2F
3F
4F

61. Welding Position – Fillet
1F
2F
5F

62. Welding Positions – Groove
Position Inclination of axis Rotation of face
Flat 0° to 15° 150° to 210°
Horizontal 0° to 15° 80° to 150°
210° to 280°
Overhead 0° to 80° 0° to 80°
280° to 360°
Vertical 15° to 80° 80° to 280°
80° to 90° 0° to 360°

63. Welding Positions – Fillet
Position Inclination of axis Rotation of face
Flat 0° to 15° 150° to 210°
Horizontal 0° to 15° 125° to 150°
210° to 235°
Overhead 0° to 80° 0° to 125°
235° to 360°
Vertical 15° to 80° 125° to 235°
80° to 90° 0° to 360°