jkj

1. Urban Sociological Theories
Contemporary Theoretical Perspectives
Presentation:-Dr.Shehla Riaz

2. • Ernest Burgess
• Homer Hoyt
• Harris and Ullman
Contemporary Theoretical Perspectives

3. Contemporary Theoretical Perspectives

4. Ernest Burgess

5. Ernest Burgess‘s :-
Concentric Zone Theory

6. Ernest Burgess‘s :-“Concentric Zone Theory”
 Cities grow and develop outwardly in
concentric circles, i.e. continuous
outward process of invasion/succession.
 Jobs, industry, entertainment,
administrative offices, etc. were located
at the center in the CBD.
 Felt that zone development resulted
from competitive processes, i.e.
competition for best location in the city
and zones.

8. Ernest Burgess-“Concentric Zone Theory”

9. Ernest Burgess‘s :-“Concentric Zone Theory”

10. Ernest Burgess‘s :- “Concentric Zone Theory”

11. Ernest Burgess‘s :-“Concentric Zone Theory”

12. Ernest Burgess‘s:- “Concentric Zone Theory”

13. Homer Hoyt

14. Homer Hoyt’s
“Sector Theory “(1939)

15. Homer Hoyt

16. Homer Hoyt :- “Sector Theory “(1939)

17. Homer Hoyt

18. Homer Hoyt

19. Homer Hoyt’s

20. Homer Hoyt (1939)
Homer Hoyt’s “Sector Theory”
♦ A City develops not in
concentric circles, but in
sectors.
♦ Each sector is characterized
by different economic
activities.

21. Homer Hoyt

22. Homer Hoyt’s :-“Sector Theory”
♦ The entire city can be thought of as a circle and various
neighborhoods, as sectors radiating out from the center
of that structure.
♦ These factors or principles ,direct residential expansion.

23. Homer Hoyt’s “Sector Theory”
♦

24. Homer Hoyt’s :-“Sector Theory”
♦

25. Homer Hoyt’s :- “Sector Theory”

26. Harris and Ullman

27. Harris and Ullman’s:-
Multiple Nuclei Model

28. Harris and Ullman:-
Multiple Nuclei Theory

29. Harris and Ullman:-
Multiple Nuclei Theory

30. Harris and Ullman:- (1945)
Multiple Nuclei Theory
(More advanced stage of urbanization)
 Main focus was on multi-centered cities.
 Cities do not have a single center, but have many "minicenters”.
 Similar activities are located in the same area and create minicities
within the larger city.

31. Harris and Ullman:- (1945) :- Multiple Nuclei Theory
Distribution of housing of
certain types and values along
with communication corridors.
Topography: higher land,
better (more expensive)
housing.
Effect of adjacent land on
housing quality.
Certain areas/activities tend to
locate where they are most:
effective, desirable and
financially feasible

32. Harris and Ullman:- (1945)
Multiple Nuclei Theory
(More advanced stage of urbanization)

33. Harris and Ullman:- (1945)
Multiple Nuclei Theory
(More advanced stage of urbanization)

34. Harris and Ullman:- (1945)
Multiple Nuclei Theory
(More advanced stage of urbanization)

35. Harris and Ullman:- (1945)
Multiple Nuclei Theory
(More advanced stage of urbanization)

36. Comparison of these 3 models

37. Comparison of these 3 models

38. Contemporary Sociological Theories
More Contemporary research has since then found ,that:
♦ Tolerance in the city is more dependent upon levels of
education and wealth and regional differences .
♦ Anonymity and privacy are important to city dwellers
encouraging a live and let live attitude .
♦ Many bonds override anonymity, e.g. ethnic bonds,
kinship, occupation, lifestyle, other shared interests, with
cities encouraging alternative types of relationships
♦ Technological advances stimulate urban connectedness, e.g.
telephone, email etc.

39. Contemporary Sociological Theories