Ar. Frank Lloyd Wright

1. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLYOD
WRIGHT
ARCHITECT FRANK LLYOD
WRIGHT
 Submitted by :
Bhawna Madan
Laveena Veer
Neha Juneja
Swati Salluja
MODERNIST ARCHITECT – 1867-1959

2. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
ABOUT THE ARCHITECT…
# He was an American architect,
interior designer,writer,educator
during his 70-year career.
# The development of modern
architecture has been strongly
influenced by the accomplishment of
frank Llyod Wright
# FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT is
America's most famous architect.

3. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
# Mr. Wright, in pursuing functionalism, identified
form and function as one and the same.
# His architecture went through several phases
and focused on such themes as nature organicism,
the Midwestern Prairie, modernism .
# He related the meaning of his work to the
order of nature; his buildings and designs
were metaphors for technology, nature and
democracy
# He discovered the vital difference
between sculpture and architecture,
between volumes on the landscape and
architectural space. 0

4. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Frank Llyod Wright Was the master builder , a
rebel and a worshipper of nature
# Frank Lloyd Wright designed 1,141 buildings,
including homes, offices, churches, schools,
libraries, bridges, and museums. Five hundred
and thirty-two of these designs were completed,
and 409 still stand.
# Gifted with an extraordinary four dimensional
imagination he outpaced the modernists by saying,
“They speak, think and work in two dimensions while
idealizing the third and vice-versa.”

5. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
LIFE EVENTS :
# He was originally named as Frank Lincoln
Wright, which he later changed after his
parents divorced.
 Date Of Birth : June 8, 1867
Place Born : Richland Center, Wisconsin
Parents : William Cary Wright And Anna
Lloyd-Jones
DIED:- April 9, 1959 in Phoenix, Arizona.

6. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
INFLUENCE WHICH LEAD HIM
TO BE AN ARCHITECT :
# During his schooling in summers he spent on his
Uncle James Lloyd Jones' farm in Spring Green,
Wisconsin, Wright first began to realize his dream
of becoming an architect.
# Even before he was born, his mother was
determined to make him into an architect.
Wright rarely credited any influences on his designs, but
most architects, historians and scholars agree he had five
major influences:

7. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
1.) FROEBEL GIFT :
# The Froebel method gave Wright the
basis for his fascination with a small
number of geometric shapes, which in
different combinations were used
throughout his architectural career: the
spiral, the sphere and the circle, square,
cube, triangle, and the tetrahedron.
# Frank Lloyd Wright regularly cited the influences on his
approach to architecture
2.) Louis Sullivan, whom he considered to be his
'Lieber Meister' (dear master) :
Wright referred to Sullivan as his Lieber Meister (beloved
master) and was the only architect that Wright would acknowledge
had an influence on him.

8. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
It was Sullivan's belief that
American Architecture
should be based on
American function, not
European traditions, a
theory which Wright later
developed further.
The basis for Wright’s future work was born out of the idea
and philosophy of Sullivan’s that "form follows function
Wright adapted Sullivan's maxim "Form Follows Function" to
his own revised theory of "Form and Function Are One."

9. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
#Wright believed that by
correlating a building to
nature, the spiritual
condition of mankind could
be elevated.
#He saw music and architecture as closely related, calling
both "sublimated mathematics."
#He felt that understanding music makes for a better
architect.
4.) Music (his favorite composer was Ludwig van Beethoven)
3.) Nature, particularly shapes/forms and colors/patterns of plant life :
#He believed that ‘natural’ materials were “friendly “ and beautiful, but
also that the nature of materials was inextricably linked to the structural
of the building

10. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
5.)Japanese art, prints and buildings…
1905 - journey to Japan
1905 - study of traditional Japanese houses.
Wright was an active dealer in Japanese art, primarily woodblock
prints.
he designed a home, then provided the art to fill it
# Frank Lloyd Wright's father was a very
talented musician. impression that music
made on Frank would last for a lifetime.

11. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
EDUCATION…
# In 1877 the family returned to Madison, Wisconsin where
Wright spent the school years. In 1885 Wright got a job
working for Allen D. Conover, a local builder, and began taking
drafting classes at the University of Wisconsin.
.
# While at the
University, Wright
spent two semesters
studying civil
engineering before
moving to Chicago in
1887.

12. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
INITIAL PRACTISE
1887 - he worked in Joseph Lyman
Silsbee's practice
1887 - he designed his first independent
project, the Unitarian Chapel in Sioux City
1887 - he joined the prestigious Adler &
Sullivan practice
1893 - opened his own practice IN CHICAGO
# Wright drafted the construction
of his first building, the Lloyd-
Jones family chapel, also known
as Unity Chapel.

13. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
# At the age of 86 (1953) Wright revised nine key words
to clarify his meaning of organic architecture.
# Wright’s concept of organic architecture evolved from the
set of principles in 1890.
PHILOSOPHIES' AND THEORY'S
# The both set of philosophies given by frank Llyod Wright in
different phase of his life were more or less interlinked. But
the basic concept of his designs remain the same that was
organic architecture.

14. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
•“nature” which meanst not just living things but was the essence of
materials plans and feelings
•“organic referred to the relationship of parts to the whole
•“form and function “were one, unified
•“romance” was the creative force expressed by each individual
embodied in the form of architecture
•“tradition “did not mean imitating the past ,but implied the sense of
belonging
•“ornament "was the emotional expression that was integral to,
and to be integrated into ,architecture , and which revealed and
enhanced the structure of the building .
•“spirit “was the essential life force within an object
•The “third dimension” was the intrinsic depth of a building
•“space” was the invisible fountain ,from which all rhythm flows to
which they must pass
NINE KEY WORDS OF
1953..

15. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
1. Simplicity And Repose Should Be The
Measure Of Art. Consequently, Buildings
Should Have As Few Rooms As Possible;
Opening Should Be Integrated Into The
Structure And Form, Of The Buildings ,
While Details Like Decoration , Fixtures,
And Furniture Were To Be Integrated Into
The Overall Structure Detail And
Decoration Should Be Reduced.
“Space” Was The Invisible Fountain
,From Which All Rhythm Flows To
Which They Must Pass.
Form And Function
“Were One, Unified
The 6 Principles Of Organic
Architecture…

16. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
2. Wrights second principle called for
as many different styles of houses as
there were styles of people. This
allowed for client’s individuality. A
multiplicity of styles also meant that
architects no longer had to rely on
historical styles that had dominated
19th century architecture , and which in
America often had no relation to that
country ,s own history
“tradition “did not mean
imitating the past ,but
implied the sense of
belonging
“democracy” –the national
ideal which Wright defined
as the gospel of
individuality. Mixing these
ideas with experiments in
technology and building
materials .

17. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
3.The third principle correlated nature,
topography, and architecture. Wright
said building should appear to grow
easily from its site and be shaped to
harmonize surroundings.
nature” which meanst not just
living things but was the
essence of materials plans
and feelings
“organic referred to
the relationship of
parts to the whole

18. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
4.The fourth principle he stated that
the colors of buildings should be
derived from nature and should be
adapted to harmonize with the building
materials . It called for
conventionalization, a method of
abstracting form to its essentials, to
color and to plant forms as source of
design form.
“nature” which
meant not just living
things but was the
essence of materials
plans and feelings
5.The fifth principle called for expressing
‘the nature of materials’. Wood should look
like wood, showing its grain and natural
color, with the same applying to brick, stone
and plaster. Each material should show its
natural texture, grain, and color, and not be
“disguised” to look like another material .

19. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
6.Wright’s sixth principle called for
spiritual integrity in architecture. His
belief that buildings should have
qualities that were analogous to the
human qualities of truth , sincerity ,
and beauty and building should bring
people joy.
“romance” was the creative
force expressed by each
individual embodied in the form
of architecture
spirit “was the
essential life force
within an object

20. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Architectural Phases Of Frank
Lloyd Wright
FIRST PHASE: his earliest works was to some extent a derivation of
the work of the leading architects of the 1880,s including h.h. Richardson
,bruce price,and mckim, mead and white, whose work was widely
published in contemporary magazines .
SECOND PHASE: in the 1890,s is classical in nature furthermore ,the
decoration Wright used in these years is evidence of the influence of Louis
Sullivan , for whom Wright worked for five years.
THIRD PHASE:
sometimes called Wright ‘s
“first golden age” began in
1901 and extended into
1910,

21. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
FIFTH PHASE: Wright’s fifth and most
productive period featured the usonian house ,
a lower cost house type than the prairie house
SIXTH PHASE :The s.c johnson wax company head – quarters (1936),
the solomon r,. Guggenheim museum (1956), and the marine county civic
centre (1957)- are not only landmarks in modern American architecture
but are also publicly accessible.
FOURTH PHASE: from the 1910,s the
decorative use of Mayan –inspired cast concrete
dominated and culminated in wrights fourth
phase, the textile – block houses in the los
Angeles area of California.
In third phase Wright created a distinctly American house type –the
prairie house- characterized by a strong horizontally , use of natural
materials , and a close attention to the links between the building the
building and its site

22. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Fallingwater House For E. Kaufmann
Location: Mill Run, Pennsylvania
Built: 1936 - 1939
Architectural style(s): Organic Architecture
One of the world’s most famous houses is
the weekend retreat called Falling water.
Begun in 1936 and completed the
following year, Wright designed the house
for Pittsburgh department store owner
Edgar J. Kaufmann, whose son, Edgar Jr.,
was a Taliesin fellow

23. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Falling water’s floors and roofs are dramatically cantilevered over
the waterfall of Bear Run, a creek in western Pennsylvania.
Falling water celebrates an idea: the
technology ,imagination and nature when
brought together in service of man can
result in great art . it is a place which was
created for restoration in nature and
romantic notion
In falling water Wright captured the perfect essence of own
desire to live with the nature
“romance” was the creative force expressed by each individual
embodied in the form of architecture
“democracy” –the national ideal which Wright defined as
the gospel of individuality

24. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Materials.
Construction materials used were:-
sandstone, reinforced concrete, glass, and
steel.
The intrinsic quality of each manner in
which it was treated , for e.g. :the pale
color of concrete suggests the earthen
nature of the material.
The stone floors are waxed, while
the hearth is left plain, giving the
impression of dry rocks protruding
from a stream
nature” which meant not just living things but was
the essence of materials plans and feelings

25. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
The next most important material is stone.
Stone walls serve to space
concrete slabs the proper
distance apart, and prevent
them from twisting. a
vertical membrane of glass
held in a framework of steel,
painted earth red.

26. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Executed in reinforced concrete, the
house’s floating planes echo the stream’s
cascading flow.
He proposed originally to cover the building
in gold leaf which would mimic the color of
dying plants and thereby connect the house
to the change of seasons and the passage of
time.
Windows are framed by steel sashes instead of using large sheets of glass
, Wright choose to emphasize both on the physical presence of glass and
its functions.
the colors of buildings should be derived from nature and should be adapted
to harmonize with the building materials
the nature of materials’. Wood should look like wood, showing its grain and
natural color, with the same applying to brick, stone and plaster.
Each material should show its natural texture
Influenced by music

27. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
LIVING SPACES
Nearly half of falling water is terrace or the exterior
space . each of the floor bed rooms has its own terrace
and there are two terraces of the living room
•The strong horizontal and
vertical lines are a distinctive
feature of Fallingwater
Wright’s design makes the interior space of the
house continuous with the outdoors, fusing the
house with its site.
“Space” Was The Invisible Fountain ,From Which All
Rhythm Flows To Which They Must Pass.

28. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Interior of Fallingwater
depicting a sitting area with
furnishings designed by Wright
ornament "was the emotional expression that was integral to, and to
be integrated into ,architecture , and which revealed and enhanced
the structure of the building

29. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
PLANS

30. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
SECTIONS

31. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum
Established- 1937
Location-
Upper East Side, New York
City, United States
Type- Art museum
Area- 0.9 acres (0.36 ha)
1071 Fifth Ave.,
Built- 1959
Architect: Wright, Frank Lloyd; Cohen, George
Architectural style(s): Modern Movement
At the beginning it was called the Museum of Non-Objective Painting,
It was completed in 1959, six months after Wright’s death.

32. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
 Wright’s concept is three-dimensional and links the visitor, the picture and
the environment into a single unit such as structure, space and circulation
come together to form a tremendous unity. The continuous seven-storey
ramp is based on the principle of THE UNBROKEN Wave
 From the street, the building looks like a white ribbon
rolled into a cylindrical shape, slightly wider at the top
than at the bottom. Internally, the galleries form a spiral.
Thus, the visitor sees the work as you walk up the
illuminated spiral ramp
Its design was inspired by a "Ziggurat" Babylonian temple pyramid,
inverted
The “third dimension” was the intrinsic depth of a building
Form And Function “Were One, Unified

33. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Construction materials used:-
• façade stone
•glass
•titanium
•building structure steel
Design Features :
•The seven-storey building has a spiral form around
an open well, with a huge skylight as a roof
The unique feature of this design is that while looking
at any one painting, all other paintings are always
visible, since the whole exhibition can be seen at any
point on the ramp.
Form And Function “Were One, Unified

34. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Special importance to lighting IS
GIVEN. By using both daylight and
artificial light, a three dimensional
effect was created
•The circular, inverted, and truncated conical main space is lit by a
dome and a ground floor is left as an open circular court.
•The circular form of the spiral adds to the sense of
movement
•“space” was the invisible fountain ,from which all
rhythm flows to which they must pass

35. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
MATERIALS
•The main construction material is
concrete in a variety of forms such as
reinforced and sprayed concrete, as the
spiral ramp design depends on the
character of the material.
The materials used in its construction
were basically precast concrete blocks.
the nature of materials’. Wood should look like wood, showing its
grain and natural color, with the same applying to brick, stone and
plaster. Each material should show its natural texture

36. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
•A single, self-supporting,
reinforced concrete spiral
beam forms the structural
system. The flat beam
acts like a continuous
ramp. This ramp is the
architectural space
The white paint used on the internal walls makes the works of art
stand out.
the colors of buildings should be derived from nature and should be
adapted to harmonize with the building materials

37. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
SPACES
•The Museum Guggenheim
exhibits a great difference to the
buildings in the vicinity because
of its spiral shape, marked by
the merging of triangles, ovals,
arcs, circles and squares, which
correspond to the concept of
organic architecture used
•The tour begins at the entrance and slowly leads visitors to a path where
the artworks are exposed along a spiral ramp lit by a large skylight at its
zenith divided in the shape of a citrus fruit

38. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Wright directs visitors via
a ramp to the top of the
building, and down a
gentle helicoidally ramp
so that almost without
realizing it, the work set
out at different levels is
interconnected, yet
distinct from one another
by a small transitional
space that is almost
imperceptible

39. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
PLAN AND GROUND FLOOR

40. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
SECTIONAL VIEW

41. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
•Open floor plan
•Low pitched roof
•Overhanging eaves
•Horizontal lines
•Central chimney
•Small rows of banded windows
•Art glass

42. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
ROBEIS HOUSE…
Location: 5757 South Woodlawn
Avenue, Chicago, Cook
County, Illinois, USA
Built: 1909
Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright
Architectural s
tyle(s):
Prairie style
Designated : September 15, 1971
•One of the best example of prairie style of architecture

43. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
DESIGN FEATURES :
STRUCTURE
•From a distance, this complex and expensive tuck pointing creates an
impression of continuous lines of horizontal color and minimizes the
appearance of individual bricks.
•The projecting cantilevered roof eaves,
continuous bands of art-glass windows, and the
use of Roman brick emphasize the horizontal`
•To emphasize the horizontal of the bricks, the
horizontal joints were filled with a cream-colored
mortar and the small vertical joints were filled with
brick-colored mortar
the nature of materials’. Wood should look like wood, showing its
grain and natural color, with the same applying to brick, stone and
plaster. Each material should show its natural texture

44. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
The steel beams in the ceilings and floors
carrying most of the building's weight to
piers at the east and west ends. As a
result, the exterior walls have little
structural function, and thus are filled with
doors and windows containing art glass
panels.
• The steel structure also eliminates the need for
internal structural columns and walls, accenting
the open plan Wright favored
• A largely steel structure, accounts for the
minimal deflection of the eaves.

45. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
•The design of the art glass windows is an
abstract pattern of colored and clear glass
using 30 and 60-degree angles.
The house contains 174 art glass window and
door panels in 29 different designs.
Wright occasionally designed art glass using
stylized forms from nature, the designs of the
Robie House art glass are simply abstract
geometric forms.

46. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Other Interest Of MR.WIRGHT
Some of Wrights other interests were writing,
lecturing, and teaching.
Some of Wrights writings include :
# An Autobiography (1932; revised ed. 1943),
#An Organic Architecture (1939),
#Genius and the Mobocracy (1949), and
Natural House (1954).
# Taliesin was built to
be a home, a work
place, a school and a
cultural center for his
students.

47. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
# Get the habit of analysis - analysis will in time enable synthesis to
become your habit of mind."
QUOTES
# The architect must be a prophet . . . a prophet in
the true sense of the term . . . if he can't see at least
ten years ahead don't call him an architect"
# The space within becomes the reality of the building"
#"Less is only more where more is no good."
# Form follows function- that has been misunderstood. Form and function
should be one, joined in a spiritual union."
#"Space is the breath of art"
# "An architect's most useful tools are an eraser at
the drafting board, and a wrecking bar at the site"

48. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
Prizes And Awards Of Frank
Lloyd Wright
• 1939 - Royal Institute of British
Architects gold medal
• 1949 - American Institute of Architects
gold medal
•1951 - Major one-man exhibition at
Palazzo Strozzi and gold medal from
the city of Florence
•1951 - Honorary degree from the
University Institute of Venice
•1953 - National Institute of Arts and
Letters gold medal

49. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
CONCLUSION…
# Frank Lloyd Wright was an architect who was a pioneer in
modern style, and he is considered one of the greatest figures in
architecture in the 20th-century
# Organic architecture was a philosophy created by Wright. It
means that a building should be developed out of its natural
surroundings. Originality was shown in his designs for public and
private structures.
# The particular function of the building, its environment, and the
type of materials employed in the structure should be the things
that ultimately determined the architectural form is what Wright
believed in .
# One of the many fundamental contributions was the use of
building materials for their natural colors s well as structural
characteristics.

50. DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
MASTER
ARCHITECT
FRANK
LLOYD
WRIGHT
# With the open planning of one room flowing into another his
interiors emphasize the sense of spaciousness.
# Pre-cast concrete blocks reinforced with steel rods was one
of the many new techniques Wright initiated. Air conditioning,
indirect lighting, and panel heating were a few of the
numerous innovations Wright invented

51. THANKS…