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Haemophilus species
- 1. HAEMOPHILUS
- 2. Family Pasteurellaceae, Genus Haemophilus
- 3. INTRODUCTION • Gram-negative • Coccobacilli bacteria • Pleomorphic • Mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, mouth, vagina, and intestinal tract • H. influenzae, H. ducreyi
- 4. MORPHOLOGY • Small • Gram negative • Pleiomorphic • Non motile • Non sporing • Non acid fast • Capsule – Virulent • Growth factors – X & V
- 5. CULTURE • Fastidious growth • Aerobic better • Enriched media • 35 – 37 C • 5 – 10 % CO 2 • BA – Does not grow • CA - Better
- 6. GROWTH FACTORS X FACTOR • Hemin • Protoporphyrin IX • Iron containing porphyrin • Synthesis of catalase and other enymes – aerobic respiration • Heat stable V FACTOR • Heat labile • RBC • S aureus • Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD / NADP • Chocolate Agar / BA with Staph
- 10. SATELLITISM
- 13. BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS • Catalase + • Oxidase + • Ferments glucose ,galactose • Reduce Nitrates to Nitrites
- 14. ANTIGENIC STRUCTURE • Capsule – Polysaccharide • 6 serotypes • a , b , c , d , e , f • Most invasive – type b
- 15. DISEASES
- 18. COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT • Sterile container • Aseptic • DO NOT refrigerate • Immediately transported to Lab
- 19. DIRECT MICROSCOPY • Gram staining – Pleiomorphic GNR • Immunofluorescence & Quellung Test ( Neufeld)
- 20. ANTIGEN DETECTION • Type b capsular Ag – Patients serum , CSF , Urine , Pus – • Latex agglutination test Counter immuno electrophoresis , Coagglutination test
- 21. CULTURE CSF • Plated promptly • BA with Staph aureus • CA • 37 C • 5 – 10 % CO 2 Blood culture • Pneumonia cases Sputum Culture • Several samples collected
- 23. COLONY MORPHOLOGY • Small • Opaque • Satellitism • Gram smear – GNCB
- 24. TREATMENT & PROPHYLAXIS • Cefotaxime • Cetazidime • Type b capsular polysaccharide • Children • Rifampicin - prevention
- 26. Haemophilus ducreyi MORPHOLOGY • Gram-negative coccobacilli • Parallel chains • School of fish
- 27. CULTURE • Does not grow- Ordinary media • X factor required, not V • Rabbit Blood Agar / Chocolate Agar – 1 % Iso Vitalex containing Vancomycin • High humidity & 10 % CO 2 • 35 C, 2 - 8 days • Colonies – small, grey , pin point , translucent non mucoid, turn semi opaque
- 28. DISEASE • CHANCROID /SOFT SORE
- 29. LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS • Specimen Ulcer edge • Direct Microscopy gram stain – GNCB • Culture CA + Isovitalex , Vanco • Agglutination
- 30. THANK YOU