trainers training centre, operational research project , krishivigyana kendra, extension education, farmers, lab to land programme, india

2. • The activities of Division of Agricultural and
veterinary Extension include technology
assessment, refinement, and transfer aiming
to bridge the gap between the technology
developed at research stations and its
adoption at field level.

3. Major projects of the Division are
Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK)
Trainers Training Centre (TTC)

4. • Technology Assessment and Refinement is done
through Institution-Village Linkage Programme
(IVLP), and Agricultural Technology Information
Centre (ATIC).
• At present, there are 680 KVKs in india…. In which
24 are located in AP and 14 are located in
Telangana.

6. • In 1976 the ICAR has established 7 TTC’S in
different parts of the country to provide specialized
training to the teachers of the KVKs, to those in -
service teachers, extension officers of line
departments, university teachers, entrepreneurs
and staff who are involved in vocational agriculture
and veterinary services in different institutions.

7. • The TTCs functioning in the country are to
provide technical support and update the skill
of the staff of KVKs and subject matter
specialists in their areas of specialization as
well as latest training methodology
• During the year 1976.., 216 training courses
were organized benefiting 4,140 participants.

8. OBJECTIVES
• To impart training to the teachers of KVK in
agricultural technology.
• To train teachers who are likely to be engaged
in teaching in agriculture at high school level.
• To train the trainers of gramsevika/
gramsewak extension training centers of the
region.

9. • To organize vocational training programmes in
agriculture technologies and home economics
• To train the field level extension workers.
• To train the veterinarians
• To train the veterinary assistants.

10. Some well known TTC’s are
1.Extension education institute- Hyderabad
– It gives both on campus and off campus training to
trainers.
– In AP the off campus trainings are
• Animal Husbandry Entrepreneurial development skills
in livestock sector *RHTC, Visakhapatnam
• Agriculture Values and work Ethics for development
professionals SAMETI, A P

11. 2.MANAGE- Hyderabad
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE
EXTENSION MANAGEMENT
Some training programs given by them are….
• Induction Training program for the Newly Recruited
Veterinary Assistant Surgeons on Extension
Management Approaches for Livestock Development
• Work Ethics for Developmental Professionals
• Sustainable Livelihood through Animal Husbandry

12. 3.SAMETI- Hyderabad
State Agricultural Management and Extension
Training Institute
• To acquaint the extension functionaries on the
latest development in the field of agricultural
extension.

13. 4.SMILDA- Hyderabad
State Management Institute for Livestock
Development.
• Now it changed its name to TSMILDA…
Telangana state management institute for
livestock development.

14. • State Animal Husbandry Training Centre,
Mandapeta, East Godavari District
• 7 REGIONAL ANIMAL HUSBANDRY TRAINING
CENTRES (RAHTCs) are located in combined
Andhra Pradesh.

16. • Lab to Land programme (LLP) was
implemented in 1979, by ICAR as a part of its
Golden Jubilee celebrations.
• The Lab to Land Programme (LLP) was
launched-with the aim to extend and promote
new technologies among the small and
marginal farmers and landless agricultural
labourers and also test the relevance of the
technologies in their socio -economic
conditions

17. AIM
• The aim of the programme is to assist the
selected farm families for improving their
farming systems and thereby generating more
employment and income.

18. IDEA
• The basic idea is to bring the scientists and
farmers into a common forum and to
introduce appropriate technologies facilitating
the diversification of labour-use and creating
supplementary sources of income in the fields
of agriculture and allied enterprises.

19. • This project was unique in the sense that no
staff component was provided in the project.
• The project centers were therefore run by the
ICAR Institutes SAUs, NGOs and KVKs with the
help of a multi-disciplinary team of scientists
drawn from different departments.

20. • This programme brought the scientists in close
interaction with the farmers and gave the
scientists an opportunity to have first hand
feed-back from the field
• There were 104 Lab to Land centers in the
country when these were integrated into
KVKs.

21. • The CMFRI is one of the first institutes to
launch the programme in all seriousness and
made an early start right from January, 1979.
• The Lab-to-Land Programme on prawn culture
at Valappu near Cochin was inaugurated by Dr.
M. S. Swaminathan FRS, Director General of
ICAR on 13 March, 1979.

22. Objectives
• To study and understand the background and
resources of the selected farmers and landless
agricultural labourers.
• To introduce low-cost relevant agricultural and
allied technologies on their farms/houses for
increasing their employment production and
income.

23. • To assist the farmers to develop feasible farm
plans keeping in view the availability of
technologies, needs and resources of the
farmers, and the resources which could be
made available from external
sources/agencies.
• To guide and help the farmers in adopting
improved technologies as per their farm plans,
and demonstrate to them the economic
viability of those technologies as well as
methods of cultivation and farm management

24. • To organize training programmes and other
extension activities in relation to their
adopted practices, and prepare them for
active participation in agricultural
development programmes of the state
departments of agriculture
• To make the farmers aware of the various
opportunities and agencies which they could
utilize to their economic advantage.

25. • To develop functional relations and linkages
with the scientists/institutions for future
guidance, advisory services and help.
• To utilize this project as a feed-back
mechanism for the agricultural scientists and
extension functionaries

27. AIM
• ORP aimed to disseminating the proven
technology in area among farmers on a water
shed basis, covering the whole village.
• The conceptual framework of ORP was that it
was primarily devoted to demonstrating the
impact of new technology on a large scale.

28. The ORP considered two problems
1. Common agricultural problems affecting the
community requiring community or group
action
e.g. Plant protection, rodent control
2. Total resource development

29. OBJECTIVES
1. To test, adopt, demonstrate the new
technology
2. To determine the profitability of the new
technology
3. To identify the constraints which are barriers
of the rapid change
4.To demonstrate group action as a method of
popularizing the modern technologies to a
faster rate

30. In order to achieve the above objectives, this
project introduced
• Ecologically sound technologies
• Socioeconomically compatible technologies
• Diversification of labour use
• Scientific land and water planning
• Up gradation of technological infrastructure
for agricultural advancement
• Development of value added products in the
villages through improved post harvest
technologies

31. TYPES
• There are three types of ORPS namely
• 1. Watershed resources, Development in dry
land areas
• 2. Problem oriented ORPs
• 3. Audience oriented ORPs

32. FARMER INTERCTION
• There is purposeful interaction between the
scientists, extension personnel, and farmers
under this project which enables the scientists
to gain insight in to socio-economic
constraints that affect the adoption of
research results

33. RESULT
• ORP demonstrated the new technologies on
the farmers fields itself
• It is also studied the socio economic
technological extension and administrative
barriers

34. Some Works done under this project were
1.The population of crossbred cattle in the 30
adopted villages increased from 231 to 2,254
since the inception of the project in 1975.
2. The 'ORP on Sheep and Wool Development was
undertaken by the Central Sheep and Wool
Research Institute, Avikanagar (Rajasthan), in
1976.

35. 3.The project conducted up to 1981 indicated
that the crossbreeding of sheep with exotic
breeds was adopted by 60% sheep-rearing
farmers, and mortality declined from 20 to
10%.

36. 4. An ORP on Livestock and Fodder
Improvement was implemented by the Indian
Veterinary Research Institute, lzatnagar, in 14
villages in Chainpur block of Bareilly district
(Uttar Pradesh). The farmers were shown that
regular vaccination prevented outbreak of
hemorrhagic septicemia.

37. 5. The ORP on Composite Fish Culture at
Barrackpore was implemented by the Central
Inland Fisheries Research Institute.
6.Demonstrations on pig-cum-fish farming were
also conducted in operational areas
7.Demonstrations on fish-duck farming and fish-
poultry farming were conducted in the
operational areas

38. 8. The ORP on Blending Sea-Farming with
Capture Fisheries was implemented by the
Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute,
Cochin.
9. The ORP on Arid Land Management was
implemented by the Central Arid Zone
Research Institute (CAZRI), Jodhpur.
10. The ORP for Integrated Land Use, Involving
Land Management was implemented by the
Central Plantation Crops Research Institute
(CPCRI), Kasaragod (Kerala).

39. 11. The ORP on Post-Harvest Technology is being
implemented by the Central Institute of
Agricultural Engineering (CIAE), Bhopal.
12. The ORP on Drip and Sprinkler Method of
Irrigation is being implemented by the Central
Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI), Jodhpur.
13. The ORP on Integrated Pest Control on Rice
Crop in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Orissa,
Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and
West Bengal,