Semiotics: Sign, signifier and signified.

1. Semiotics

2.  Define the concept of representation in Media
Studies? (What is representation?)
 How is representation constructed?
 What are the two levels of representation?
 Define descriptive level.
 Define symbolic level.

3.  Denotation
 Connotation
 Semiology/Semiotics

4. What is meant by the term denotation?
 To be the sign of something, to mean or
indicate something.
 It is LITERAL
(works at a descriptive level)

5. What is meant by the term connotation?
 To imply or suggest something in addition to
the main meaning.
 It is NOT LITERAL,
(works at a symbolic level)

8.  What are the denotations and connotations
in these images?
 Write the answers in your books.

9. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:

10. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:

11. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:

12. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:

13. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:

14. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:

15. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:

16. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:

17. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHESE IMAGES?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHESE IMAGES?:

18. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:

19. WHAT ARETHE DENOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:
WHAT ARETHE CONNOTATIONS INTHIS IMAGE?:

20.  We live in a world of signs.
 Communication is only possible by means of
signs and sign systems (codes), whether they
are letters on a page, sounds or visual codes.
 We can understand visual images because we
learn to DECODE them.
 Semiology or Semiotics is the study of these
signs and systems of signs.

21. Sign
 an image, object, quality, or event whose presence or
occurrence indicates the probable presence or occurrence of
something else.
Signifier
 a sign’s physical form (such as a sound, printed word, or
image) as distinct from its meaning.
Signified
 the meaning or idea expressed by a sign, as distinct from the
physical form in which it is expressed.

22. René Magritte. TheTreachery of Images. 1928-29. Oil on canvas. 63.5 cm × 93.98 cm (25 in × 37 in)

23. Joseph Kosuth. One and three chairs. 1965.
Sign
Signifier
Signified

24.  Sign
an image, object, gesture or action used
to convey information or an instruction.
 Symbol
Mark, character, image or sign used as a
conventional representation of an
object, function, or process.
A material object that represents or
stands for an abstract idea.

29. Sign
 an object, quality, or event whose presence or occurrence
indicates the probable presence or occurrence of something
else.
Signifier
 a sign’s physical form (such as a sound, printed word, or
image) as distinct from its meaning.
Signified
 the meaning or idea expressed by a sign, as distinct from the
physical form in which it is expressed.
Symbol
 a mark or character used as a conventional representation of
an object, function, or process.

30.  What does denotation mean?
 What does connotation mean?
 Which representation level is denotative?
 Which representation level is connotative?
 Define semiology/semiotics.
 Define sign.
 Define signifier.
 Define signified.
 Define symbol.