Sensor is now a days that we are using in all devices as possible as in all the electronic world and also electrical world etc.

1. Seminar on,
SENSOR
By,
Ritesh A. Wanjari

2. Introduction:-
 A sensor is an object whose purpose is to detect events or
change in environment, and then provide a corresponding
output.
 It converts the physical parameter (Ex.:- Temperature,
speed, etc.) into a signal which can be measured
electrically.
 It is a type of Transducer, sensors may provide various
types of output. But typically use electrical or optical
signal.

3.  It is important to provide monitoring and control from a
central station within the installation.
 For this reason, products that include information and
communication features for use at sub-stations, consumer
metering devices, switchgear, transformers, digital fault
recorders etc.

4.  Line sensors:-
It can be provide at line poles or towers
which acquire data, such as phase current and phase voltages
and can also detect short circuiit and grounding faults.
 By using this data, automatio system can isolate the
faulted section and monitor the real time data.
 Beside the relay, there are transmitter/trransducers, which
are gather data from basic sensors for telementry.

5. TRANSMITTER:-
 It can be separate piece of electronic equipment, or an
electrical circuit within another electronic device.
 This provide output signals after converting and
amplifying low level signals of basic sensor element.
 Modern transmitter are smart and microprocessor based,
performing many other functions such as alarm, signal etc.

6. TRANSDUCER
 It is device that convert one form of energy to another.
Usually a transducer converts signl in one form of energy
to a signal in onother.
 Electrical signals are converted to and from other
physical quantities (energy, force, torque, light etc.)
 This is measuring element that senses the external action.
And generaly used for measuring purpose.
 Commonly used transducer are Microphone,
thermocouple, Thermister, potentiometer, etc.

7. RECEIVER:-
 In two way communication the receiver is used as
terminal euipment along with transmitter.
 A transmitter and a receiver combined in one unit are
called a transceiver.