This videos describes the key points of psychoanalytical theory. for understanding psychoanalysis it is necessary to understand two theories of Freud. The key pints of psychoanalytic theory are mentioned. Video link https://youtu.be/WM-uEgIef0I

1. Key points
Defense mechanism
Denial, Repression,
Regression, Displacement
Projection, Substitution
Reaction formation, Fantasy
M.A M.Ed.

4. Defense mechanism are unconscious activities of the mind.
For satisfying the id, the primitive instincts give indirect expression through various dynamic processes. Some of
the processes are denial, fantasy, projection displacement, sublimation, reaction formation, regression, and
repression

5. Repression
Basic defense mechanism
Unpleasant experiences are stored
deep in the unconscious mind and
cannot be accessed by conscious mind
Example: An accident victim nearly
dies but remember none of the detail
of the accident

6. For example, a young child is bitten by a dog while
playing at the park. He later develops a severe phobia of
dogs but has no memory of when this fear originated. He
has repressed the painful memory of the fearful experience
with the dog, so he is unaware of exactly where this fear
came from

7. Displacement: Displacement is transferring an emotion from its original object to a safer, more acceptable
substitute.
For example, a man it criticized by his boss and feels belittled, unappreciated, and angry. Unable to express
his anger at work for fear of retaliation, he comes home and takes it out on his wife, punishes his children, or
kicks the dog.

11. Projection: A process in which blame is attached to others or the environment for unacceptable
desires, thoughts, shortcomings, and mistakes
A mother is told her child must repeat a grade in school, and she blames this on the teacher’s poor
instruction. A husband forgets to pay a bill and blames his wife for not giving it to him earlier

14. Substitution
Substitution The replacement of a highly valued, unacceptable, or unavailable object by a less
valuable, acceptable, or available object
A woman wants to marry a man exactly like her dead father and settles for someone who looks a
little bit like him.
Helps a person achieve goals and minimizes frustration and disappointment

15. Dissociation
The mind uses dissociation to cope with traumatic events that are so immediately unbearable that the
person cannot “stay in” the traumatic event.
In attempt to “get out” of the situation part of the mind stays in the traumatic event and disconnects
from the rest of the mind. That disconnected part of the mind carries the memories, thoughts, and
feelings of the trauma while the other part functions separate from it. The person is often left feeling like
“nothing happened” or that the trauma is “gone” except to that part of the mind.

17. Uses
Denial: Temporarily isolates a person from the full impact of a traumatic situation
Displacement: Allows for feelings to be expressed through or to less dangerous objects or people
Rationalization: Helps a person cope with the inability to meet goals or certain standards
Projection: Allows a person to deny the existence of shortcomings and mistakes; protects self-image
Reaction formation: Aids in reinforcing repression by allowing feelings to be acted out in a more
acceptable way
Regression: Allows a person to return to a point in development when nurturing and dependency were needed and accepted
with comfort
Repression :Protects a person from a traumatic experience until he or she has the resources to cope
Sublimation: Protects a person from behaving in irrational, impulsive ways
Substitution: Helps a person achieve goals and minimizes frustration and disappointment
Dissociation: Helps the individual copes with acute emotional stress by changing the usual awareness of self
Fantasy: The fantasy defense mechanism is a retreat into fantasy in order to resolve inner and outer conflicts