It is a presentation on Uttarakhand land slide and cloud burst happaned in 2013. It includes it reason of this happening, What happen, why happen, consicuenses and lessons which we can learn from it.

1. Uttarakhand Landslide
(June, 2013)
By Manan Singhal (03419012021)
And Pratik Agarwal (03519012021)

2. Content:-
 Cause.
 Reason.
 Impact.
 Lesson.

3. Landslide:-
It is basically a
rapid downslope
movement of soil
and rock due to
gravitational pull
and heavy rain.

4. Cause :-
 Heavy rainfall and flow of
water cause the mealting
of charabari Glacier which
results to the over flow of
waters in the downward
direction and cause flood
in reavers.

5.  Due to building of dams on the way of
Mandakini river and Alakhnanda river, they
gradually abandand their old coure and
shifter their alignment. Over a period of
time, several shops, hotels and resorts
came up on these dry beds. On that fathful
day when Alakhnanda and Mandakini
erupted, the overflow from both the rivers
and both once again started flowing along
their respective old course. The
consequence were Disaster.

7. (Reasons) Deforestation :-
 Approx 45,000 hactares of forestland has
been diverted to non-forest in Uttarkhand
since 1980. Of this 9,500 hactares has been
diverted for construction of roads, 5,500
hactares for hydropower plants and 3,100
hactares for transmission lines. 68% of the
deforestation had tooked place after the
formation of the state in November 2000.

8.  Under the forest act (1980), a project
developer is supposed to plant trees in a
non forest area equal to the forest area it
is clearing, to compensate for forest loss.
However, compensatory afforestation
seems to be ineffective in the state as only
12% of this has been achieved so far. This
has disturbed the ecological balance of the
hills leading to huge soil erosion, and soil
movement.

9. Soil Erosion :-
 About 88% of area experience soil erosion.
The soil erosion results to rise in
temperature. Further affect the health of
the near by forest and thus make eco-
system of state more unstable.

10. Impacts:-
 The landslide cause a great loss to human
life and properties in area. Several houses,
shops, hotels around the kedarnath
township were destroyed.
 The roads connecting the hills were
severaly damaged affecting the rescue
operation in the area.

11.  Thousands of tourists were found without
food, water and shelter.
 Thousands of human lives were lost and
their bodies washed away in this natural
disaster.
 Around 608 villages covering a population
of 7 lakh peoples in 23 districts were
affected by the flood.

12. Lessons :-
 Excessive mining on the river banks and
indiscriminative construction of hydropower
projects gave way to this disaster. A proper
assessment is needed to be taken before
initializing new projects in such eco-
sensitive areas, hills deeper then(2000 m).
 Further exploitation of forest, water and
minerals to develop infrastructure, led to
this disaster.

13.  The real estate business on the hills led to
increased mining in hills. The state need to
take concrete steps to preserve the natural
cover and need to be more conscious with
granting permission to built hotels and
other structures.
 The forest act is needed to be imposed
more strictly so that further soil erosion
could be stopped and eco-system could
become more stable.

14. Conclusion :-
 Hence, the main lesson which one can learn
from this disaster is that the exploitation of
natural resources which in the long run has
a destructive effect on the environment. A
proper and effective operational ‘Disaster
Management System’ can go for a long way
with saving hundreds of life and property
when such a disaster strikes.

15. Thank you