This document discusses the 2013 floods in Uttarakhand, India. It notes that heavy rainfall from June 14-17, 2013 caused devastating floods and landslides. The rainfall was over 375% of the benchmark amount. A cloudburst centered over Uttarakhand melted glaciers and caused rivers like the Mandakini to overflow. This natural disaster was exacerbated by man-made factors like deforestation, unchecked construction, and hydropower projects. The floods affected over 300,000 people across several districts, destroyed infrastructure and villages, and caused over 580 deaths. Kedarnath valley was among the worst hit areas.

2. INTRODUCTION
 Uttarakhand , formerly Uttaranchal, is a state in
the northern part of India.
 The "Land of the Gods“.
 Uttarakhand is mainly known for its natural beauty of
the Himalayas, the Bhabhar and the Terai.
 Uttarakhand has a total area of 53,484 km² of which
93% is mountainous and 64% is covered by forest.

3. CONTINUED…
 Two of India's largest rivers, the Ganges and the
Yamuna, originate in the glaciers of Uttarakhand .
 These two pilgrimage, Badrinath and Kedarnath
form the Chota Char Dham lies in Uttarakhand.
 Uttarakhand is well known for his Chota Char
Dham
 Kedarnath.
 Badrinath.
 Gangotri.
 Yamunotri.
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4. THIS
M0NSOON
DESTROYED
UTTARAKHAND

5. NATURAL REASONS…
 From 14 to 17 June 2013, Indian state of
Uttarakhand and near by received heavy
rainfall .
 The rainfall was above benchmark
which is above 375 percent.
 A multi-day Cloudburst ,centered on
the state of Uttarakhand caused
devastating Floods and Landslides.
BEFORE
AFTER

6. NATURAL REASON
 This caused the melting of Chorabari Glacier at
the height of 3800 meters , and eruption of the
Mandakini river which led to heavy floods near
Gobindghat, KedarDome, Rudraprayag
district, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and
Western Nepal ,and acute rainfall in other near
by regions of Delhi, Haryana, Uttar-Pradesh and
some parts of Tibet.

7. CLOUD BURSTING
 A cloudburst is an extreme amount
of precipitation, sometimes with
hail and thunder, which normally
lasts no longer than a few minutes
but is capable of creating flood
conditions.
 Meteorologists say the rain fall rate
equal to or greater than 100 mm
(3.94 inches)per hour is a
cloudburst. The associated
convective cloud, can extend up to a
height of 15 km above the ground.

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9. HOW DOES CLOUD BURST
HAPPENS?
 Rapid precipitation from clouds
is possible due to precipitation
process in which large droplets
can grow rapidly by coagulating
with smaller droplets which fall
down slowly.
 Hilly areas are more prone to
cloud burst:

10. CAUSES OF CLOUD BURST
 CAUSE FLOOD,
 CAUSE HUGE DISTRACTION,
 CAUSE DEFORESTATION,
 DESTROYS VEGETATION,
 LOSS OF TO HUMAN LIFE.

11. MAN-MADE REASONS
 The Uttarakhand Disaster have been officially termed a
natural calamity caused by cloudbursts and unprecedented
heavy monsoon rainfall.
 However, the true causes of the epic tragedy is growth of :
 Tourism,
 Unchecked rapid increase of roads,
 Hotels,
 Shops, and
 Multistory housing in ecologically fragile areas and
unplanned construction are the reason for landslide.

12. CONTINUED…
 More than 220 power and mining projects are running
in 14 river valleys in Uttarakhand.
 Several rivers are being diverted through tunnels for
these projects leading to major disasters in the state.
HYDEL POWER PLANT IN
UTTRAKHAND
HOTEL IN UTTRAKHAND

13. MAN-MADE CAUSE
 Deforestation is also one of the most important factor
of Uttarakhand disaster, which causes frequently
landslide.
LANDSLIDE
DEFORESTATION

14. CAUSES!!!
NATURAL
MANMADE
 Cloud Bursting.
 Flood.
 Landslide.
 Roads destabilizing mountains.
 Threat from dams (Hydel
projects)
 Deforestation.
 Tourism (Resorts, Hotels)
 Infrastructure.

15. EFFECTS
 Human impact-580 people were dead and over 3000
people were still missing ,
 The worst affected area
Rudraprayag, Chamoli, Uttarkashi and Tehri Garhwal
districts are initial assessments which suggested that
around 300,000 people have been affected, 50,000
displaced and roughly many villages in the interior of
the hilly state remain cut off due to landslides.

16. EFFECTS
 Kedarnath Valley : One of the worst affected areas
which was only accessible by helicopters.
 Bad weather could also disrupt the restoration of
infrastructure and cause roads that have been cleared
to become choked again.

17. KEDARNATH TEMPLE
 Although the temple withstood the severity of the floods, the
temple complex and surrounding areas were destroyed by the
flood, resulting in the death of several thousands of pilgrims
and local people.
 All the shops and hotels were destroyed and all roads were
broken.
 Number of people took shelter inside the temple for hours
together , until Indian army airlifted them to safer places.

18. MAJOR CHALLENGE
 At present the area is only accessible by air and
establishing the narrow roads and the foot bridges will
be crucial.
 Also barring the temple everything around remains in
shambles which needs restoration work and as hinted
by the Uttarakhand Chief Minister that it will take at
least 2 years (Approximately), during which no yatra is
possible at all.

19. RESCUE OPERATION
 National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and Indo-
Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) personnel have so far
rescued 32,772 people from different areas of
Uttarakhand following landslides and floods, Of the
32,772, including pilgrims and residents, 26,538 were
rescued by ITBP while 6,234 were evacuated by NDRF
personnel.
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