Use of Articles (By - Mr. Pramod Sir)

2. Articles – A, an vkSj the dks Articles dgk
tkrk gSA budk iz;ksx Noun ds igys gksrk gSA bUgsa
Modern English Grammar esa Determiners Hkh
dgk tkrk gSA
Articles
Indefinite Article
A/An
Definite Articles
The

3. Note –
1) A/an dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ ,d] lc] izfr] izR;sd] ds fglkc ls] dksbZ]
ij gksrk gSA tcfd The dk dksbZ 'kkfCnd vFkZ ugha gksrk gSA
2) Consonant Starting Nouns ds igys The dk iz;ksx gks rks
mls ^ n * i<+k tkrk gS] tcfd Vowel Starting Nouns ds
igys The dk iz;ksx gks rks mls ^ nh * i<+k tkrk gSA ysfdu
Noun ij tksj Mkyus ds fy;s The dks ^ nh * gh i<k tkrk gS
pkgs Noun Consonants Or Vowel ls LVkVZ gh D;ksa ugha gksA
3) English esa tc ge ckr djrs gSa ;k Speech nsrs gSa rks
lkekU;r% ‘A’ dk mPpkj.k ^ v * rFkk ‘An’ dk mPpkj.k ^ vu *
djrs gSaA ysfdu A rFkk An dk Lora= :Ik ls djuk gks ;k
Speech esa A/an ds ckn vkus okys 'kCn ij tksj nsuk gks rks A
dk ^ , * rFkk ‘An’ dk mPpkj.k ^ ,su * fd;k tkrk gSA

4. Word
First Letter First Sound
An (x) A ()  Consonant  Consonant Sound
A (x) An ()  Consonant  Vowel Sound
A (x) An ()  Vowel  Vowel Sound
An (x) A ()  Vowel  Consonant Sound

5. Use of ‘A’
1) fdlh Hkh Word dk First letter consonant gks rFkk First
sound fgUnh ds O;atu o.kZ tSls d] [k] x---- vkfn ls feyrk
tqyrk gks vFkkZr Consonant gksrks A dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA tSls &
a cat, a bat, a bench, a fan etc.
2) A dk iz;ksx mu ,dopu laKkvksa ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gS tks
Consonant ¼O;atu½ ls 'kq: gksA
tSls & A man, a boy, a table
3) A dk iz;ksx mu laKkvksa esa fd;k tkrk gS tks Loj (a,e,i,o,u) ls
'kq: gksrs gSa fdUrq mudk mPpkj.k O;atu tSlk gksrk gSA tSls a
unit ¼;wfuV½] A European ¼;wjksfi;u½
4) ;fn 'kCn ds vkjEHk esa w ;k y gks rks ,sls ’kCnkas ds lkFk a dk
iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
tSls & a year, a week, a weakman.

6. Use of ‘An’
1) fdlh Hkh Word dk First letter consonant gks rFkk First
sound fgUnh ds Loj o.kZ tSls v] vk] bZ] m] vks------- vkfn ls
feyrk tqyrk gks vFkkZr Vowel gksrks An dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA tSls
An M.L. An heir An M.L.A. An heirless
An N.C.C. boy An X-mas tree An H.M.T. watch
2) An dk iz;ksx mu laKkvksa ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gS tks Vowels ls
vkjEHk gks tSls an ass, an egg, an inkport
3) An dk iz;ksx mu laKkvksa ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gS tks consonant
‘h’ ds lkFk vkjEHk gks fdUrq mudk mPpkj.k ‘h’ ds :Ik esa u gksdj
silent gksA tSls &An hour, An honest man
4) mu laf{kIr 'kCnksa ds lkFk Hkh An dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS tks
consonant ls vkjEHk gksa fdarq mPpkj.k tSlk vowels gksA
tSls & An M.P., An M.L.A, An S.D.O.

7. Use of The
1) fdlh oLrq dh fu’p;kRedrk fLFkfr izdV djus ds fy,s tSls
This is the book. The boy is very handsome.
2) Superlative Degree okys Adjective ds lkFk tSls &
Ram is the best man in the village.
3) Adverb ds lkFk tSls & The most honest boy.
4) Proper Noun ds lkFk the dk iz;ksx ugha gksrk fdUrq tc Proper
noun dk iz;ksx common noun dh Hkkafr gksrk gS rks mlds vkxs
The yxkrs gSaA tSls Kalidas is the shakespeare of India.
5) fo’ks"k.k dk iz;ksx laKk ds :Ik esa gksus ij tSls the rich, The poor
6) fdlh jk"Vª] oxZ ;k tkfr ds yksxksa dks n'kkZus ds fy;s The dk iz;ksx
fd;k tkrk gSA tSls & The Hindus, The Indian, The, The
town trodden

8. Use of The
7) Uk{k=ksa ds uke ls iwoZ &
The Sun The Stars
8) fn’kkvksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The East The South
9) igkMksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Himalayas The Aravali
10) ufn;ksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Yamuna The Chambal
11) lkxjksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Indian Ocean

9. Use of The
12) tkfr;ksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Hindus, The Muslims
13) iqLrdksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Gita, The Kuran
14) bekjrksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Tajmahal The Red Fort
15) inksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Head Master The President
16) v[kckjksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Nav Bharat Times

10. Use of The
17) ikVhZ laxBu ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Congress, The Lok Dal
18) Øeokpd la[;k ls iwoZ &
The second, The Third
19) tgktkas ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Vikrant The Samrat
20) Lakdsr lwpd 'kCnksa ds iwoZ &
The right The top
21) ck|;a=ksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Violin The Drums

11. Use of The
22) fnu ds Hkkxksa ds iwoZ &
In the evening, In the morning
23) tkfrokpd laKk ds iwoZ &
The cow The Dog
24) lsukvksa ds uke ds iwoZ &
The Army The Navy

12. dqN 'kCn viokn gSa ftuds igys Article ugha yxrk gS tSLks &
1) lkekU;r% school, home, church, market ds lkFk
Article ugha yxrkA
2) chekfj;ksa ds uke ds iwoZ dksbZ Hkh Article ugha yxrkA
3) /kkrqvksa ds uke ds iwoZ dksbZ Hkh Article ugha yxrkA
4) Hkkstuksa Lunch, Dinner, Breakfast ds iwoZ dksbZ Hkh
Article ugha yxrkA
5) vx.; la[;kvksa ds Water, Furniture vkfn iwoZ dksbZ Hkh
Article ugha yxrkA
6) fo"k;ksa ds uke Hindi ugha yxrkA mPpkj.k ^ ,su * fd;k
tkrk gSA

13. laadyudrkZ
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