2. ENVIRONMENT:
- the sum of total of all the living and non living things
around us influencing one another
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE:
- the study of the environment , biotic and its abiotic
components and their interrelationship
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING:
-the application of engineering principles to the
protection and enhancement of the quality of the environment
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
-the process of educating the people for preserving
quality environment
3. TYPES OF ENVIRONMENT:
1. NATURAL ENVIRONMENT:
- all biotic and abiotic components are created by
natural process
Eg/- soil, water, air, trees etc
4. 2. MAN MADE ENVIRONMENT:
- modifies the environment using modern
technologies according to the human needs
Eg/- house, road, schools, railway etc
5. Components of environment:
three components –
1. Abiotic or non- living component
2. Biotic or Living component
3. Energy components
6. Abiotic component:
- non-living components of the environment
Subdivided in to three categories
1. Atmosphere 2. Lithosphere 3. Hydrosphere
Atmosphere;
- cover of air that envelopes the earth is known as
atmosphere
- extends upto 500 kms
- it comprises
- 78% nitrogen
- 21% oxygen
- 1% other gases
8. Troposphere:
> 0 – 18 kms
> lower portion of the atmosphere
> contains 75% of the atmospheric air
> temperature 15 ͦC to 56 ͦ C
> chemical constituents – O2, CO2, N2 and water
Stratosphere:
- 18 t0 50 kms
- temperature = - 2 ͦ C to 56 ͦ C
- chemical constituent - ozone
9. Mesosphere:
- 50 to 85 kms
- temperature about = - 95 ͦ C
- chemical constituents – N2, O2, O2
+, and NO+
Thermosphere (or) Ionosphere:
- upto 500 kms
- temperature = 1200 ͦ C
- contains O+, NO+
Exosphere:
- upper most layer of the atmosphere
- upto 1600 kms
- temperature is very high due to direct solar
radiation
- H2 and He
10. LITHOSPHERE:
- soil and rock components of the earth
- home for human beings and wildlife
- storehouse of minerals and organic matter
12. BIOTIC COMPONENTS or LIVING COMPONENTS
- living components of the enviroment
- eg/- animals , plants and microorganisms
Biosphere:
- biological environment where the living organisms
live and interact with physical environment
14. Scope of environmental studies:
- to get an awareness
- to motivate the active participation in environmental
protection
- to develop skills for identifying and solving
environmental problems
- to know the necessity of conservation of natural
resources
Importance of Environmental studies:
- need of development without destruction of
environment
- changing laws and enforcement of systems
15. Need for Public awareness:
- supreme court has ordered and initiated the
environmental awareness to the public through
Govt. and Non Govt agencies to take part to protect
our environment
Types of Public Participation:
1. Pressure Group – influence the govt. and industries to
protect environment
2. Watch Dog- against the environmental hazardous
3. Advisory council – to protect the environment
4. Enforcing environmental laws
