SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 13
Skills development for 
SMEs and Informality 
Anil Verma, Ph.D. 
Professor & Director 
Centre for Industrial Relations & Human Resources 
and 
Rotman School of Management 
University of Toronto 
September 2014
Traditional Approaches to Skill 
Development in SMEs 
Hire opportunistically 
Employee referral 
Family member 
Help wanted sign in the window 
Help wanted sign in the local media 
Hire for minimum qualifications 
Train on the job 
Learn by doing – work experience
Innovative Approaches 
• Hire from schools/colleges 
• Hire for skills relevant to firm’ s growth 
• Provide incentives to employees to learn 
new skills 
• Provide opportunities to learn new skills 
• Connect with schools/colleges to access 
ongoing training and skill development 
• Connect with industry associations and 
community organizations
Source: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTLM/214578-1103128720951/22795057/EPPNoteNo16_Eng.pdf
Industry Shared Approaches 
Classroom 
-Education 
- Training 
Internships 
Job shadowing 
Co-op Learning 
Joint Projects 
Essential 
Job Skills
Matching Education to Skills 
• Bring industry closer to education 
• Industry-college linkages 
• Mentorship 
• Internships 
• Special training 
• Job shadowing
Source: http://www.essentialskillsontario.ca/sites/www.essentialskillsontario.ca/files/Industry_Shared_Final_0.pdf
Source: http://www.essentialskillsontario.ca/sites/www.essentialskillsontario.ca/files/Industry_Shared_Final_0.pdf
Source: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTLM/214578-1103128720951/22795057/EPPNoteNo16_Eng.pdf
Source: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTLM/214578-1103128720951/22795057/EPPNoteNo16_Eng.pdf
Source: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTLM/214578-1103128720951/22795057/EPPNoteNo16_Eng.pdf
Informality & Skill Development 
• Sources of Informality 
– Lack of literacy and numeracy skills 
– Poor communication between SMEs and 
regulatory authorities 
– Complex regulatory requirements 
– Poor enforcement of regulations 
– Deliberate fraud to “save” costs 
• The true cost of informality is persistent 
cycle of poverty
Skill Development and Informal 
SMEs 
• Simplify registration and regulations for 
SMEs 
• Promote industry and community 
associations that can foster best practice 
• Create incentives for becoming formal 
even as the cost of being informal is raised 
through enforcement and missed 
opportunities

More Related Content

What's hot

Barriers of applying gained knowledge of training programs in organizations
Barriers of applying gained knowledge of training programs in organizationsBarriers of applying gained knowledge of training programs in organizations
Barriers of applying gained knowledge of training programs in organizations
Jamil AlKhatib
 
Open 2013: An Insider's Perspective on Entrepreneurial Program Development ...
Open 2013:   An Insider's Perspective on Entrepreneurial Program Development ...Open 2013:   An Insider's Perspective on Entrepreneurial Program Development ...
Open 2013: An Insider's Perspective on Entrepreneurial Program Development ...
the nciia
 
David French
David FrenchDavid French
David French
andreanl
 
uSEED: Funding College Entrepreneurship
uSEED: Funding College EntrepreneurshipuSEED: Funding College Entrepreneurship
uSEED: Funding College Entrepreneurship
Matthew Racz
 
Presentation copenhagen april 9 13
Presentation copenhagen april 9 13Presentation copenhagen april 9 13
Presentation copenhagen april 9 13
Tor-Arne Bellika
 
Promising Practices: Connecting Internationally Educated Professionals with S...
Promising Practices: Connecting Internationally Educated Professionals with S...Promising Practices: Connecting Internationally Educated Professionals with S...
Promising Practices: Connecting Internationally Educated Professionals with S...
Toronto Workforce Innovation Group
 
Virtual Coworking Space for Entrepreneurs
Virtual Coworking Space for EntrepreneursVirtual Coworking Space for Entrepreneurs
Virtual Coworking Space for Entrepreneurs
Nchitonet Dot Com Ltd.
 

What's hot (20)

Barriers of applying gained knowledge of training programs in organizations
Barriers of applying gained knowledge of training programs in organizationsBarriers of applying gained knowledge of training programs in organizations
Barriers of applying gained knowledge of training programs in organizations
 
Elium pitch by Juan David Mendieta-Technology for social change...
Elium pitch by Juan David Mendieta-Technology for social change...Elium pitch by Juan David Mendieta-Technology for social change...
Elium pitch by Juan David Mendieta-Technology for social change...
 
ePortfolio as a Catalyst for Departmental Change - Business and Technology, L...
ePortfolio as a Catalyst for Departmental Change - Business and Technology, L...ePortfolio as a Catalyst for Departmental Change - Business and Technology, L...
ePortfolio as a Catalyst for Departmental Change - Business and Technology, L...
 
Open 2013: An Insider's Perspective on Entrepreneurial Program Development ...
Open 2013:   An Insider's Perspective on Entrepreneurial Program Development ...Open 2013:   An Insider's Perspective on Entrepreneurial Program Development ...
Open 2013: An Insider's Perspective on Entrepreneurial Program Development ...
 
Illinois Pathways Work-Based Learning (March 2015)
Illinois Pathways Work-Based Learning (March 2015)Illinois Pathways Work-Based Learning (March 2015)
Illinois Pathways Work-Based Learning (March 2015)
 
Roshan_ComputerScience
Roshan_ComputerScienceRoshan_ComputerScience
Roshan_ComputerScience
 
Knowledge Management- Ernst & Young
Knowledge Management- Ernst & YoungKnowledge Management- Ernst & Young
Knowledge Management- Ernst & Young
 
David French
David FrenchDavid French
David French
 
1o marts lo skolen
1o marts lo   skolen1o marts lo   skolen
1o marts lo skolen
 
Innovative In-company Learning Initiatives in Ireland
Innovative In-company Learning Initiatives in IrelandInnovative In-company Learning Initiatives in Ireland
Innovative In-company Learning Initiatives in Ireland
 
Missing Link Between Industry & Academia
Missing Link Between Industry & AcademiaMissing Link Between Industry & Academia
Missing Link Between Industry & Academia
 
uSEED: Funding College Entrepreneurship
uSEED: Funding College EntrepreneurshipuSEED: Funding College Entrepreneurship
uSEED: Funding College Entrepreneurship
 
Presentation copenhagen april 9 13
Presentation copenhagen april 9 13Presentation copenhagen april 9 13
Presentation copenhagen april 9 13
 
Closing the Skills Gap: Strategies to Build a Stronger Manufacturing Labor Pool
Closing the Skills Gap: Strategies to Build a Stronger Manufacturing Labor PoolClosing the Skills Gap: Strategies to Build a Stronger Manufacturing Labor Pool
Closing the Skills Gap: Strategies to Build a Stronger Manufacturing Labor Pool
 
Promising Practices: Connecting Internationally Educated Professionals with S...
Promising Practices: Connecting Internationally Educated Professionals with S...Promising Practices: Connecting Internationally Educated Professionals with S...
Promising Practices: Connecting Internationally Educated Professionals with S...
 
2is Smart Academy
2is Smart Academy2is Smart Academy
2is Smart Academy
 
Virtual Coworking Space for Entrepreneurs
Virtual Coworking Space for EntrepreneursVirtual Coworking Space for Entrepreneurs
Virtual Coworking Space for Entrepreneurs
 
InnoOmnia Shortly Explained
InnoOmnia Shortly ExplainedInnoOmnia Shortly Explained
InnoOmnia Shortly Explained
 
International Quality Assurance to support High Quality Micro-Credentials
International Quality Assurance to support High Quality Micro-CredentialsInternational Quality Assurance to support High Quality Micro-Credentials
International Quality Assurance to support High Quality Micro-Credentials
 
BizMOOC: MOOCs for the world of business (eden17)
BizMOOC: MOOCs for the world of business (eden17)BizMOOC: MOOCs for the world of business (eden17)
BizMOOC: MOOCs for the world of business (eden17)
 

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (20)

The Role of Universities in the context of Smart Specialisation -
The Role of Universities in the context of Smart Specialisation - The Role of Universities in the context of Smart Specialisation -
The Role of Universities in the context of Smart Specialisation -
 
CROSS-COUNTRY DATA: ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT IN HEIS
CROSS-COUNTRY DATA: ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT IN HEISCROSS-COUNTRY DATA: ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT IN HEIS
CROSS-COUNTRY DATA: ENTREPRENEURSHIP SUPPORT IN HEIS
 
WHAT IS AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH? - Jonathan Potter (OECD)
WHAT IS AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH? - Jonathan Potter (OECD)WHAT IS AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH? - Jonathan Potter (OECD)
WHAT IS AN EVIDENCE-BASED APPROACH? - Jonathan Potter (OECD)
 
The EOLAS Project (Women exploring options for accessing work) - Helen Fitzge...
The EOLAS Project(Women exploring options for accessing work) - Helen Fitzge...The EOLAS Project(Women exploring options for accessing work) - Helen Fitzge...
The EOLAS Project (Women exploring options for accessing work) - Helen Fitzge...
 
The German National Programme Perspective 50plus – Employment Pacts for Olde...
The German National Programme Perspective 50plus – Employment Pacts for Olde...The German National Programme Perspective 50plus – Employment Pacts for Olde...
The German National Programme Perspective 50plus – Employment Pacts for Olde...
 
Skills Utilisation and Skills Development Policy in Singapore
Skills Utilisation and Skills Development Policy in SingaporeSkills Utilisation and Skills Development Policy in Singapore
Skills Utilisation and Skills Development Policy in Singapore
 
What Labor Market and Education Policies are successful to provide good emplo...
What Labor Market and Education Policies are successful to provide good emplo...What Labor Market and Education Policies are successful to provide good emplo...
What Labor Market and Education Policies are successful to provide good emplo...
 
Skills Labour Mismatch
Skills Labour MismatchSkills Labour Mismatch
Skills Labour Mismatch
 
Effective local strategies to boost quality job creation, employment and part...
Effective local strategies to boost quality job creation, employment and part...Effective local strategies to boost quality job creation, employment and part...
Effective local strategies to boost quality job creation, employment and part...
 
Local Approaches to Skills Mismatches
Local Approaches to Skills MismatchesLocal Approaches to Skills Mismatches
Local Approaches to Skills Mismatches
 
Using an evidence-based approach in Greater Manchester - Julian Cox
Using an evidence-based approach in Greater Manchester - Julian CoxUsing an evidence-based approach in Greater Manchester - Julian Cox
Using an evidence-based approach in Greater Manchester - Julian Cox
 
Effective Local Approaches to boost quality job creation
Effective Local Approaches to boost quality job creationEffective Local Approaches to boost quality job creation
Effective Local Approaches to boost quality job creation
 
Aligning the skills system with employer demand
Aligning the skills system with employer demandAligning the skills system with employer demand
Aligning the skills system with employer demand
 
Internship presentation HEInnovate 26sept
Internship presentation HEInnovate 26septInternship presentation HEInnovate 26sept
Internship presentation HEInnovate 26sept
 
Evaluation, data and metrics: Lessons from OECD Countries: THE UK
Evaluation, data and metrics:Lessons from OECD Countries: THE UKEvaluation, data and metrics:Lessons from OECD Countries: THE UK
Evaluation, data and metrics: Lessons from OECD Countries: THE UK
 
The Key ingredients of training coaching and monitoring for Youth Entrepreneurs
The Key ingredients of training coaching and monitoring for Youth EntrepreneursThe Key ingredients of training coaching and monitoring for Youth Entrepreneurs
The Key ingredients of training coaching and monitoring for Youth Entrepreneurs
 
Recent Studies of Programs Serving Offenders in the U.S - Andrew Wiegand
Recent Studies of Programs Serving Offenders in the U.S - Andrew WiegandRecent Studies of Programs Serving Offenders in the U.S - Andrew Wiegand
Recent Studies of Programs Serving Offenders in the U.S - Andrew Wiegand
 
Building quality jobs at the local level – Key Findings from A comparative OE...
Building quality jobs at the local level – Key Findings from A comparative OE...Building quality jobs at the local level – Key Findings from A comparative OE...
Building quality jobs at the local level – Key Findings from A comparative OE...
 
Building Quality Jobs at the Local Level
Building Quality Jobs at the Local LevelBuilding Quality Jobs at the Local Level
Building Quality Jobs at the Local Level
 
Session I: wolfgang kubitzki - What is the right TVET system?
Session I: wolfgang kubitzki - What is the right TVET system?Session I: wolfgang kubitzki - What is the right TVET system?
Session I: wolfgang kubitzki - What is the right TVET system?
 

Similar to Skills development for SMEs and Informality

Making a Market for Competency-Based Credentials: Effective Employer Engagement
Making a Market for Competency-Based Credentials: Effective Employer EngagementMaking a Market for Competency-Based Credentials: Effective Employer Engagement
Making a Market for Competency-Based Credentials: Effective Employer Engagement
mmabbitt
 
New Abhishek Tiwari Global Data SIP.docx
New Abhishek Tiwari Global Data SIP.docxNew Abhishek Tiwari Global Data SIP.docx
New Abhishek Tiwari Global Data SIP.docx
PrakashKushwaha9
 
Moore Lafayette College presentation FINAL
Moore Lafayette College presentation FINALMoore Lafayette College presentation FINAL
Moore Lafayette College presentation FINAL
Kurt Moore
 
Choices and Challenges: Lessons Learned in the Evolution of Online Education...
 Choices and Challenges: Lessons Learned in the Evolution of Online Education... Choices and Challenges: Lessons Learned in the Evolution of Online Education...
Choices and Challenges: Lessons Learned in the Evolution of Online Education...
andydip
 
How to build an entrepreneurship center
How to build an entrepreneurship centerHow to build an entrepreneurship center
How to build an entrepreneurship center
Innovation Tank
 
Rapid Content Dev - WendyLo - CEdMA S2015-BusinessCase
Rapid Content Dev - WendyLo - CEdMA S2015-BusinessCaseRapid Content Dev - WendyLo - CEdMA S2015-BusinessCase
Rapid Content Dev - WendyLo - CEdMA S2015-BusinessCase
Wendy Lo
 
4C (Foresee) Concept Peter O Neill
4C (Foresee) Concept Peter O Neill4C (Foresee) Concept Peter O Neill
4C (Foresee) Concept Peter O Neill
Peter O'Neill
 

Similar to Skills development for SMEs and Informality (20)

Career Portfolio Manitoba - "Let's Get to Work" conference
Career Portfolio Manitoba - "Let's Get to Work" conferenceCareer Portfolio Manitoba - "Let's Get to Work" conference
Career Portfolio Manitoba - "Let's Get to Work" conference
 
JokaKeChangemakers
JokaKeChangemakersJokaKeChangemakers
JokaKeChangemakers
 
Social Business
Social BusinessSocial Business
Social Business
 
Making a Market for Competency-Based Credentials: Effective Employer Engagement
Making a Market for Competency-Based Credentials: Effective Employer EngagementMaking a Market for Competency-Based Credentials: Effective Employer Engagement
Making a Market for Competency-Based Credentials: Effective Employer Engagement
 
Seminar - Disruptive innovation, what if... - Maria Spies
Seminar - Disruptive innovation, what if... - Maria SpiesSeminar - Disruptive innovation, what if... - Maria Spies
Seminar - Disruptive innovation, what if... - Maria Spies
 
The Times 100 Business Case Studies - StayBetterDXB.pdf
The Times 100 Business Case Studies - StayBetterDXB.pdfThe Times 100 Business Case Studies - StayBetterDXB.pdf
The Times 100 Business Case Studies - StayBetterDXB.pdf
 
Meet the modern learner
Meet the modern learnerMeet the modern learner
Meet the modern learner
 
New Abhishek Tiwari Global Data SIP.docx
New Abhishek Tiwari Global Data SIP.docxNew Abhishek Tiwari Global Data SIP.docx
New Abhishek Tiwari Global Data SIP.docx
 
Intrapreneurship for AmCham
Intrapreneurship for AmChamIntrapreneurship for AmCham
Intrapreneurship for AmCham
 
Moore Lafayette College presentation FINAL
Moore Lafayette College presentation FINALMoore Lafayette College presentation FINAL
Moore Lafayette College presentation FINAL
 
Institute industry ppt
Institute industry pptInstitute industry ppt
Institute industry ppt
 
Choices and Challenges: Lessons Learned in the Evolution of Online Education...
 Choices and Challenges: Lessons Learned in the Evolution of Online Education... Choices and Challenges: Lessons Learned in the Evolution of Online Education...
Choices and Challenges: Lessons Learned in the Evolution of Online Education...
 
Techfour company profile
Techfour company profileTechfour company profile
Techfour company profile
 
CLC Members Seminar 10 July 2014 - Building foundations for your learning str...
CLC Members Seminar 10 July 2014 - Building foundations for your learning str...CLC Members Seminar 10 July 2014 - Building foundations for your learning str...
CLC Members Seminar 10 July 2014 - Building foundations for your learning str...
 
2019 10-23 24 fiware summit @berlin
2019 10-23 24 fiware summit @berlin2019 10-23 24 fiware summit @berlin
2019 10-23 24 fiware summit @berlin
 
How to build an entrepreneurship center
How to build an entrepreneurship centerHow to build an entrepreneurship center
How to build an entrepreneurship center
 
Data Analytics courses in Pune by IIM Skills
Data Analytics courses in Pune by IIM SkillsData Analytics courses in Pune by IIM Skills
Data Analytics courses in Pune by IIM Skills
 
Allan Gibb - Enterprise Education Presentation
Allan Gibb - Enterprise Education PresentationAllan Gibb - Enterprise Education Presentation
Allan Gibb - Enterprise Education Presentation
 
Rapid Content Dev - WendyLo - CEdMA S2015-BusinessCase
Rapid Content Dev - WendyLo - CEdMA S2015-BusinessCaseRapid Content Dev - WendyLo - CEdMA S2015-BusinessCase
Rapid Content Dev - WendyLo - CEdMA S2015-BusinessCase
 
4C (Foresee) Concept Peter O Neill
4C (Foresee) Concept Peter O Neill4C (Foresee) Concept Peter O Neill
4C (Foresee) Concept Peter O Neill
 

More from OECD CFE

FDI and Superstar Spillovers: Evidence from Firm-to-Firm Transactions - Amit...
FDI and Superstar Spillovers: Evidence from Firm-to-Firm Transactions  - Amit...FDI and Superstar Spillovers: Evidence from Firm-to-Firm Transactions  - Amit...
FDI and Superstar Spillovers: Evidence from Firm-to-Firm Transactions - Amit...
OECD CFE
 
Mapping location and co-location of industries at the neighborhood level - A...
Mapping location and co-location of industries at the neighborhood level  - A...Mapping location and co-location of industries at the neighborhood level  - A...
Mapping location and co-location of industries at the neighborhood level - A...
OECD CFE
 

More from OECD CFE (20)

Servizio Civile Universale - Serena SUSIGAN
Servizio Civile Universale - Serena SUSIGANServizio Civile Universale - Serena SUSIGAN
Servizio Civile Universale - Serena SUSIGAN
 
Servizio Civile Universale - Federica DE LUCA
Servizio Civile Universale - Federica DE LUCAServizio Civile Universale - Federica DE LUCA
Servizio Civile Universale - Federica DE LUCA
 
Servizio Civile Universale - Cristina PASCHETTA
Servizio Civile Universale - Cristina PASCHETTAServizio Civile Universale - Cristina PASCHETTA
Servizio Civile Universale - Cristina PASCHETTA
 
FDI and Superstar Spillovers: Evidence from Firm-to-Firm Transactions - Amit...
FDI and Superstar Spillovers: Evidence from Firm-to-Firm Transactions  - Amit...FDI and Superstar Spillovers: Evidence from Firm-to-Firm Transactions  - Amit...
FDI and Superstar Spillovers: Evidence from Firm-to-Firm Transactions - Amit...
 
E-invoicing data for functional territories definition: the use case of pharm...
E-invoicing data for functional territories definition: the use case of pharm...E-invoicing data for functional territories definition: the use case of pharm...
E-invoicing data for functional territories definition: the use case of pharm...
 
Mapping location and co-location of industries at the neighborhood level - A...
Mapping location and co-location of industries at the neighborhood level  - A...Mapping location and co-location of industries at the neighborhood level  - A...
Mapping location and co-location of industries at the neighborhood level - A...
 
Advancing and democratizing business data in Canada- Patrick Gill & Stephen Tapp
Advancing and democratizing business data in Canada- Patrick Gill & Stephen TappAdvancing and democratizing business data in Canada- Patrick Gill & Stephen Tapp
Advancing and democratizing business data in Canada- Patrick Gill & Stephen Tapp
 
Firm-level production networks: evidence from Estonia - Louise Guillouet
Firm-level production networks: evidence from Estonia - Louise GuillouetFirm-level production networks: evidence from Estonia - Louise Guillouet
Firm-level production networks: evidence from Estonia - Louise Guillouet
 
Using B2B transactions data: teh Belgian experience - Emmanuel Dhyne
Using B2B transactions data: teh Belgian experience - Emmanuel DhyneUsing B2B transactions data: teh Belgian experience - Emmanuel Dhyne
Using B2B transactions data: teh Belgian experience - Emmanuel Dhyne
 
Horizon 2020 - research networks across borders - Rupert Kawka
Horizon 2020 - research networks across borders - Rupert KawkaHorizon 2020 - research networks across borders - Rupert Kawka
Horizon 2020 - research networks across borders - Rupert Kawka
 
How can the social and solidarity economy help refugees along their journey?
How can the social and solidarity economy help refugees along their journey?How can the social and solidarity economy help refugees along their journey?
How can the social and solidarity economy help refugees along their journey?
 
Platform cooperatives Webinar ppt
Platform cooperatives Webinar pptPlatform cooperatives Webinar ppt
Platform cooperatives Webinar ppt
 
Data-driven regional productivity scorecards in the United Kingdom - Raquel O...
Data-driven regional productivity scorecards in the United Kingdom - Raquel O...Data-driven regional productivity scorecards in the United Kingdom - Raquel O...
Data-driven regional productivity scorecards in the United Kingdom - Raquel O...
 
Competitiveness for Wellbeing - Basque Country - James Wilson.pdf
Competitiveness for Wellbeing - Basque Country - James Wilson.pdfCompetitiveness for Wellbeing - Basque Country - James Wilson.pdf
Competitiveness for Wellbeing - Basque Country - James Wilson.pdf
 
The productivity board of the autonomous province of Trento - Carlo Menon.pdf
The productivity board of the autonomous province of Trento - Carlo Menon.pdfThe productivity board of the autonomous province of Trento - Carlo Menon.pdf
The productivity board of the autonomous province of Trento - Carlo Menon.pdf
 
Rafforzare il partenariato e la cooperazione internazionale in Friuli Venezia...
Rafforzare il partenariato e la cooperazione internazionale in Friuli Venezia...Rafforzare il partenariato e la cooperazione internazionale in Friuli Venezia...
Rafforzare il partenariato e la cooperazione internazionale in Friuli Venezia...
 
Immersive technologies and new audiences for classical ballet-Rogers
Immersive technologies and new audiences for classical ballet-RogersImmersive technologies and new audiences for classical ballet-Rogers
Immersive technologies and new audiences for classical ballet-Rogers
 
Data-driven art residencies to reshape the media value chain-Blot
Data-driven art residencies to reshape the media value chain-BlotData-driven art residencies to reshape the media value chain-Blot
Data-driven art residencies to reshape the media value chain-Blot
 
Web 3 ecosystem - Assi-Lama.pdf
Web 3 ecosystem - Assi-Lama.pdfWeb 3 ecosystem - Assi-Lama.pdf
Web 3 ecosystem - Assi-Lama.pdf
 
Taking history to the future - Verwayen
Taking history to the future - VerwayenTaking history to the future - Verwayen
Taking history to the future - Verwayen
 

Recently uploaded

VIP Call Girl Service Andheri West ⚡ 9920725232 What It Takes To Be The Best ...
VIP Call Girl Service Andheri West ⚡ 9920725232 What It Takes To Be The Best ...VIP Call Girl Service Andheri West ⚡ 9920725232 What It Takes To Be The Best ...
VIP Call Girl Service Andheri West ⚡ 9920725232 What It Takes To Be The Best ...
dipikadinghjn ( Why You Choose Us? ) Escorts
 
VIP Independent Call Girls in Mira Bhayandar 🌹 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Mumbai ...
VIP Independent Call Girls in Mira Bhayandar 🌹 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Mumbai ...VIP Independent Call Girls in Mira Bhayandar 🌹 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Mumbai ...
VIP Independent Call Girls in Mira Bhayandar 🌹 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Mumbai ...
dipikadinghjn ( Why You Choose Us? ) Escorts
 
( Jasmin ) Top VIP Escorts Service Dindigul 💧 7737669865 💧 by Dindigul Call G...
( Jasmin ) Top VIP Escorts Service Dindigul 💧 7737669865 💧 by Dindigul Call G...( Jasmin ) Top VIP Escorts Service Dindigul 💧 7737669865 💧 by Dindigul Call G...
( Jasmin ) Top VIP Escorts Service Dindigul 💧 7737669865 💧 by Dindigul Call G...
dipikadinghjn ( Why You Choose Us? ) Escorts
 
VIP Call Girl in Mira Road 💧 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Get A New Crush Everyday ...
VIP Call Girl in Mira Road 💧 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Get A New Crush Everyday ...VIP Call Girl in Mira Road 💧 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Get A New Crush Everyday ...
VIP Call Girl in Mira Road 💧 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Get A New Crush Everyday ...
dipikadinghjn ( Why You Choose Us? ) Escorts
 

Recently uploaded (20)

WhatsApp 📞 Call : 9892124323 ✅Call Girls In Chembur ( Mumbai ) secure service
WhatsApp 📞 Call : 9892124323  ✅Call Girls In Chembur ( Mumbai ) secure serviceWhatsApp 📞 Call : 9892124323  ✅Call Girls In Chembur ( Mumbai ) secure service
WhatsApp 📞 Call : 9892124323 ✅Call Girls In Chembur ( Mumbai ) secure service
 
Mira Road Memorable Call Grls Number-9833754194-Bhayandar Speciallty Call Gir...
Mira Road Memorable Call Grls Number-9833754194-Bhayandar Speciallty Call Gir...Mira Road Memorable Call Grls Number-9833754194-Bhayandar Speciallty Call Gir...
Mira Road Memorable Call Grls Number-9833754194-Bhayandar Speciallty Call Gir...
 
(Vedika) Low Rate Call Girls in Pune Call Now 8250077686 Pune Escorts 24x7
(Vedika) Low Rate Call Girls in Pune Call Now 8250077686 Pune Escorts 24x7(Vedika) Low Rate Call Girls in Pune Call Now 8250077686 Pune Escorts 24x7
(Vedika) Low Rate Call Girls in Pune Call Now 8250077686 Pune Escorts 24x7
 
VIP Call Girl Service Andheri West ⚡ 9920725232 What It Takes To Be The Best ...
VIP Call Girl Service Andheri West ⚡ 9920725232 What It Takes To Be The Best ...VIP Call Girl Service Andheri West ⚡ 9920725232 What It Takes To Be The Best ...
VIP Call Girl Service Andheri West ⚡ 9920725232 What It Takes To Be The Best ...
 
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 30.pdf
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 30.pdfThe Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 30.pdf
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 30.pdf
 
03_Emmanuel Ndiaye_Degroof Petercam.pptx
03_Emmanuel Ndiaye_Degroof Petercam.pptx03_Emmanuel Ndiaye_Degroof Petercam.pptx
03_Emmanuel Ndiaye_Degroof Petercam.pptx
 
Gurley shaw Theory of Monetary Economics.
Gurley shaw Theory of Monetary Economics.Gurley shaw Theory of Monetary Economics.
Gurley shaw Theory of Monetary Economics.
 
05_Annelore Lenoir_Docbyte_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pptx
05_Annelore Lenoir_Docbyte_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pptx05_Annelore Lenoir_Docbyte_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pptx
05_Annelore Lenoir_Docbyte_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pptx
 
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 22.pdf
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 22.pdfThe Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 22.pdf
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 22.pdf
 
VIP Independent Call Girls in Mira Bhayandar 🌹 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Mumbai ...
VIP Independent Call Girls in Mira Bhayandar 🌹 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Mumbai ...VIP Independent Call Girls in Mira Bhayandar 🌹 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Mumbai ...
VIP Independent Call Girls in Mira Bhayandar 🌹 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Mumbai ...
 
( Jasmin ) Top VIP Escorts Service Dindigul 💧 7737669865 💧 by Dindigul Call G...
( Jasmin ) Top VIP Escorts Service Dindigul 💧 7737669865 💧 by Dindigul Call G...( Jasmin ) Top VIP Escorts Service Dindigul 💧 7737669865 💧 by Dindigul Call G...
( Jasmin ) Top VIP Escorts Service Dindigul 💧 7737669865 💧 by Dindigul Call G...
 
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Sinhagad Road ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine S...
Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Sinhagad Road ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine S...Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Sinhagad Road ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine S...
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Sinhagad Road ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine S...
 
VIP Call Girl in Mira Road 💧 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Get A New Crush Everyday ...
VIP Call Girl in Mira Road 💧 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Get A New Crush Everyday ...VIP Call Girl in Mira Road 💧 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Get A New Crush Everyday ...
VIP Call Girl in Mira Road 💧 9920725232 ( Call Me ) Get A New Crush Everyday ...
 
02_Fabio Colombo_Accenture_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pptx
02_Fabio Colombo_Accenture_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pptx02_Fabio Colombo_Accenture_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pptx
02_Fabio Colombo_Accenture_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pptx
 
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 25.pdf
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 25.pdfThe Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 25.pdf
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 25.pdf
 
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 21.pdf
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 21.pdfThe Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 21.pdf
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 21.pdf
 
06_Joeri Van Speybroek_Dell_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pdf
06_Joeri Van Speybroek_Dell_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pdf06_Joeri Van Speybroek_Dell_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pdf
06_Joeri Van Speybroek_Dell_MeetupDora&Cybersecurity.pdf
 
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 19.pdf
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 19.pdfThe Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 19.pdf
The Economic History of the U.S. Lecture 19.pdf
 
Kharghar Blowjob Housewife Call Girls NUmber-9833754194-CBD Belapur Internati...
Kharghar Blowjob Housewife Call Girls NUmber-9833754194-CBD Belapur Internati...Kharghar Blowjob Housewife Call Girls NUmber-9833754194-CBD Belapur Internati...
Kharghar Blowjob Housewife Call Girls NUmber-9833754194-CBD Belapur Internati...
 
00_Main ppt_MeetupDORA&CyberSecurity.pptx
00_Main ppt_MeetupDORA&CyberSecurity.pptx00_Main ppt_MeetupDORA&CyberSecurity.pptx
00_Main ppt_MeetupDORA&CyberSecurity.pptx
 

Skills development for SMEs and Informality