Parts of speech are the different types of words that serve different functions in a sentence. There are eight main parts of speech: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. Each part of speech plays a specific role - for example, nouns are names of people, places or things, verbs express actions or states of being, and prepositions show the relationship between other words.

1. Parts of Speech
Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN

2. Parts of Speech
In a sentence words are divided into different classes or kinds because of their functions and
usage. And it is described by the term of parts of speech.
ইংরেজি বারযে বেবহ্রত প্রজতটি শব্দরয এয এযটি parts of Speech বরে।
There are eight types of parts of speech.
1. Noun
2. Pronoun
3. Verb
4. Adverb
5. Adjective
6. Preposition
7. Conjunction
8. Interjection
Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN

3. Noun
Name of anything like person, animal, place, thing, abstract, idea, action, state or quality is
called Noun.
যেক োন ব্যোক্তি, প্রোণী, ব্স্তু, ভোব্, ভোব্নো, োজ, অব্স্থোন, য োষ-গুণ, ইত্যোক্ত র নোমক Noun
ব্কে।
Examples:
Maria, Girl, Dhaka, Book, Teacher, Water, Honesty, Happiness, Family, Sleep, Death, etc.
In Sentence: (Bold words are noun)
A boy is coming towards us.
Sarah is a pretty girl.
The sun shines in daytime.
Education removes darkness.
Poverty is curse.
Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN

4. Pro-noun
A Pronoun is a word that is used instead of a noun-equivalent. It is the replacement
of noun.
Pronoun সাধােণত Noun বা Noun এে সমতু েে জযছুে পজেবরতে বরস। ইহা Noun কয প্রজতস্থাপন যরে।
Common pronouns are I, me, he, she, him, his, her, they, them, it, we, us, etc.
Example:
- She is a pretty girl.
- His contribution is appreciable.
- They are unbeatable.
- This job is done by them.
Role of Pronoun in a Sentence: Pronouns are usually short words and they are used
to make sentences less cluttered and less repetitive.
Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN

5. ADJECTIVE
• An adjective is a part of speech (word) that modifies a noun or a pronoun by qualifying,
specifying or describing it.
• Adjective বেরত এমন এয ধেরণে শব্দমাোরয কবাঝায় যাো কযান Noun বা Pronoun এে কযাগ্েতা, স্বতন্ত্রতা, বা বণেনা
সম্পরযে ধােণা জিরয় থারয।
• Generally an adjective modifies a noun by answering one of these following questions:
• Which? What kind? How many?
• Example:
• Foxes are cunning animal. (Answer the question “What king of animal?”)
• Five or six gunmen attack the area. (Answer the question “How many gunmen?”)
• The one eyed man tells him the story. (Answer the question “Which man?”)
Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN

6. Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN
Verb:
A verb is a word or a group of words (phrase) that is/are used to describe an action, state or occurrence.
Verb হরে এমন শব্দ বা শব্দ গুে যা দ্বাো কযান যাি, অবস্থা বা ঘটনারয কবাঝায়।
Role of Verb in a sentence:
Verb forms the main part of the predicate of a sentence. Every complete sentence must have a verb.
Verbs are:
Actions: read, do, walk, bring, run, learn, eat, etc.
States: be, exist, stand, etc.
Occurrences: happen, become, etc.
Examples:- He is a good man. (Using the most common to be verb)
We learn from the Web.
She speaks in English.
Rimi is thinking about the incident.
Verbs change their forms based on time/tense (past, present, and future), person (first person, second person,
and third person), number (singular, plural), voice (active and passive), etc.

7. Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN
Adverb
An adverb is a word which modifies or qualifies the meaning of a verb, adjective, other
adverb or any other word(s) or phrase(s) in a sentence; such as quickly, firmly, lightly,
carefully, extremely, etc.
Adverb এে যাি হরে কযান Verb, Adjective বা Adverb সম্পরযে অজতজেক্ত তথে কিওয়া বা প্রিত্ত তথেরয আরো
তাৎপযেতাপূণে যরে কতাো।
Example:
The leopard runs quickly. ( Here quickly modifies the verb)
He works extremely hard. (Here extremely modifies the adverb)
Most of our countrymen are very poor. (Here very modifies the adjective)
I absolutely have no idea about the matter.
Function of adverb in a sentence:
Adverb adds information and impression about time, manner, place etc. in a sentence.
Form of Adverbs:
Many adverbs that express how an action is performed, end in ‘ly’. However, there are many
exceptions, like fast, well, never, least, more, far, now, very, just, still, etc.

8. Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN
Prepositions
The word preposition indicates positioning something before something else. And in English
grammar -
A preposition is a word placed or positioned before a noun or a pronoun or noun equivalent to
show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence.
Preposition এে যাি হরে কযান Noun, Pronoun বা এরিে সমতু েে কযান শব্দ(গুে) এে সংরগ্ বারযেে অনে কযান শরব্দে
সম্পযে জনধোেণ যো।
The following are the words used as preposition in English-
For, of, on, at, in, to, off, by, up, with, from, into, within, like, until, above, about, against,
under, before, after, among, along, across, around, behind, bellow, beneath, beside, between,
beyond, down, during, except, inside, near, since, toward, through and upon.

9. Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN
PREPOSITION
Role or function of preposition in a sentence:
A preposition sits before a noun or a pronoun to show noun’s or pronoun’s relationship to
another word in the sentence. Preposition helps to construct a sentence.
Example:
- He is looking for papers.
- Rifat lives in Dhaka.
- Place the book on the table.
- I will go there after breakfast.
- Look at the sky clearly.
- You should stand by him.

10. Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN
Conjunction
A conjunction is a part of speech or word that connects –
- One word to another word.
- One word to another clause.
- One sentence to another sentence.
Conjunction হরে এমন শব্দসমূহ যাো এয শব্দরয অনে শরব্দে সারথ, এয শব্দরয অনে clause এে সারথ বা এয Sentence
কয অনে Sentence এে সারথ সংযুক্ত যরে।
The conjunctions are and, but, or, for, nor, so, yet, because, if, whether, lest, unless, as, since,
how, when, where, while, why, till, until, after, before, however, as soon as, though and than.

11. Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN
CONJUNCTION
Example:
One word to another word:
- Rupom and Rifat are two brothers. (noun to noun)
- Rimi and you have done this work. (Noun to pronoun)
- You and I will go there. (Pronoun to pronoun)
- The old man sat down and wept. (verb to verb)
- We are sad but hopeful. (adjective to adjective)
- A cat moves slowly and silently. (Adverb to adverb)
- The bird flies through and through the sky. (preposition to preposition)
One word to another clause:
- He is so weak that he cannot walk.
- Such was her beauty that everybody loved her.
One sentence to another sentence:
- I trust him because he is honest.
- He says that he will do it.
- They will come if they are allowed here.
- It is a long time since I saw you last.

12. Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN
Interjection
The part of speech that expresses a strong feeling or sudden emotion or sentiment is called interjection or exclamation.
Generally interjections are used in Exclamatory sentences and take often note of exclamation as punctuation.
যে শব্দগুকেো আ ক্তি আকব্গ, ৃঢ় অনুভূ ক্তত্ ব্ো মকনর ভোব্ প্র োশ কর, ত্োক র Interjection ব্কে। সোধোরণত্ Exclamatory
Sentence এ Interjection ব্যব্হৃত্ হয়, এব্ং এমন ব্োক যর যশকষ েক্তত্ ক্তিহ্ন ক্তহকসকব্ আশ্চেযকব্োধ ক্তিহ্ন (!) ব্যব্হৃত্ হয়।
Interjections are not grammatically related to any other part of the sentence.
Example:
Oh no! I missed the schedule of the class. (express failure)
Hey! Don’t you hear me? (calling attention)
Hey! Take it easy. (calling attention)
Uh I forget the answer. (Express hesitation)
Hurrah! We have won the match. (Express joy)
Wow! She is amazing. (Express surprise)

13. Edited by NOOR HOSSAIN