Different Natural disasters are present, their reason/cause, precautions, effects, case studies,etc.

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Efforts by - Pranav Doshi
Standard - 9 B (ICSE)
Roll Number- 05

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A disaster is a sudden,
calamitous event that seriously
disrupts the functioning of a
community or society and
causes human, material and
economy or environmental
losses that exceed the
community’s or societies'
ability to cope using its own
resources. Though often
caused by nature, disasters can
have human origins
What is a disaster ?

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Types of disasters
Natural Disaster
Natural disaster are
the events caused by
natural forces
Man-made Disaster
Man-made disaster are
the cries caused by a
human act, intentionally
or unintentionally

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Natural Disasters

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Types of Natural Disasters
• Tornadoes and Severe Storms.
• Hurricanes and Tropical Storms.
• Floods.
• Wildfires.
• Earthquakes.
• Drought.

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What is flood ?
A flood is overflow
or inundate of water
on land that is
normally dry

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Reasons
• Floods are generally occur as a result
of bad weather( storm, cyclones or
thunderstorm, heavy rain )
• Melting of snow or ice
• Sudden discharge of water
• These events lead to rise in water
level of major riverbeds or to an
accumulation of flow water, to the
resurgence of underground rivers to
thaws in low laying areas adjoining
streams banks or river estuaries.

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Effects
• A large number of people
lose their lives.
• Thousands lose their
houses and property
• Business are disturbed
• banks are closed
• Outbreak of epidermises
• Damage of food crops that
results in shortage of food

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Precautions
• Build an emergency kit and
make a family
communications plan.
• Permanent monitoring of
risk of floods
• Building and developing
infrastructure that will
prevent or avoid floods
• Forming well trained
equipped management
• Lowering water levels in
hydraulic dams

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After the floods
• Keep calm, do not panic
• Check and see if any
injured person in vicinity
and if possible help them
• Do not use telephones
unnecessary
• Collaborate in
identification of bodies
• Make yourself available
with rehabilitation work

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Recent Case Study
• The 2017 Mumbai Floods refer o
the flooding heavy rain on 29 th
August 2017
• India’s financial capital went under
more than 200mm rainfall - the
equivalent of 11 days and daily
monsoon rainfall for 12 hours
• Transport systems were un
available though many parts of the
city like trains, roadways were shut
down.
• Power was cut off from many parts
to prevent electrocution

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What is Cyclone ?
• Cyclones are low pressure
area that occur over warm
ocean water of temperate
or tropical regions
• They are accompanied by
heavy rain ,huge waves and
powerful wind blowing at
high velocity(300km/h)

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Formation of cyclones
• A cyclone is formed when
a warm temperate water
of the sea reaches a
threshold level and wind
structure is raising.
• In other words, tropical
cyclones derive energy
from the warm tropical
oceans and form when
temperature exceed 26.5
degree Celsius

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Effects
• Main effect includes
heavy rain, strong winds,
large storms surges at
landfall
• The destruction of
surrounding
• Standing water causes
spread of diseases
• Transportation is
destroyed, hampering
rescue effects

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Precautions
• Turn off electricity, gas, water,
unplug all applications
• Keep your emergency kit close
at hand
• Bring your family into the
strongest part of your house
• Keep listening to radio
• If outside the house stay under
strong table or bench or hold
onto a solid fixture like water
pipe

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After the Cyclone
• Check for gas leaks
• Beware of damage power
lines, bridges, buildings,
trees and don’t enter
floods
• Don’t go outside until
officially advice
• If you have to evacuate
don’t return until advised

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Recent Case Study
• On December 12 2017,vardh
weekend into several
cyclones, before making
landfall over the eastern coast
of India close to Chennai,
Tamil Nadu, with wind speed
105 km/h.
• Due to fractional forces the
system degenerated into a
well-marked low pressure
around midday of 13
December and moved out of
Karnataka into Arabian sea

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