Adapting the best elements of the Danish approach to combine several types of transportation (FlexDanmark is the Evolutionary History of a co-operation between the Public Transport Organizations in Denmark with improved performance and reduced costs in the area of Demand Responsive Transport (DRT).)

1. Adapting the best elements of the
Danish approach to combine
several types of transportation
FlexDanmark is the Evolutionary History of a co-operation between the Public Transport Organizations in
Denmark with improved performance and reduced costs in the area of Demand Responsive Transport (DRT).
Niels Tvilling Larsen (ntl@flexdanmark.dk)
Head of Department P
FlexDanmark
FlexDanmark

2. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 2/10
• To optimize each separate trip best possible,
based on known means, the need of the
individual customer, and considering the
inconvenience to the customer – and the
service those who place the order is willing to
pay for.
The Basic Idea

3. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 3/10
The possibility of mixing transport from different
authorities is a key factor in optimization
Flex Traffic bounded by law
• Transport to healthcare
• Transport of disabled citizens
• Institution and school transit
• Transport of patients
Flex Traffic substitution of traditional BUS
transport
• Tele taxi
• Demand responsive bus line
• Taxi cab
• Private hire
• Mini bus
• DRT bus

4. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 4/10
Why the Mixing?
• Why do we mix the scheduled transport with
the individual variable transportation?
+ =
Scheduled
Transport Utilization
Individual Variable
Transport Utilization
Combined
Transport Utilization

5. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 5/10
FlexDanmark components the last year
5.424.670
Trips
5.162
Uniquevehicles
773
Hauliers
240.910
Uniqueindividuals
545
Authorities

6. PTO evolution from Rule control
and judging to Auctioneer
Create quality and productivity by facilitating
fair competition instead of control

7. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 7/10
The PTOs buys resources (taxies and busses)
from external private companies, and, combined
with all the planned trips – generated through
different remote online ordering modules used
by a number of authorities – will optimize the
utilization of that capacity (using a real-time
planning engine).
Basic Principle

8. Total Provider vs. Broker
Price pr trip – Total Provider
concept Price pr trip - Broker concept
Payment for the Provider Payment for Transport Providers
Public Transport Organization
FlexDanmark IT/Callcenter
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Savings
Broker cost

9. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 9/10
The Danish Model
• One shared DRT IT system, with one facilitator
in each region, supporting numerous online
authorities and operators.
FlexDanmark

10. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 10/10
Maturity development
of DRT
Dedicated
vehicles
Non dedicated
vehicles
RealTime
Management
Batch
Scheduling

11. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 11/10
Planning on three levels
Strategic planning Tender process
Batch Scheduling School systems
Real Time Management Traffic management
25-04-2017 FlexDanmark 11
Attributes Basic data Resources
Plan for each
vehicle
We speak of planning at in three levels - where you get closer
and closer time 0 - and the number of changeable factor rises
Timetotripshall
beperformed

12. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 12/10
A unique procurement model
• Transport services are procured from private operators in a manner which
is compatible with the European Directive for Public Procurement.
• We have a unique procurement model for the DRT operations:
• SPOT-MARKED VEHICLES
• A unit price (€ per vehicle hour) is given at the bidding moment (e g every
year) and then used each time when assigning a suitable vehicle for the
actual transport task (combined with other parameters).
• FIXED VEHICLES
• A guaranteed minimum availability in the contract (contracts for 2-4
years). Drivers are not allowed to refuse trips without good cause. (€ per
vehicle hour)

13. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 13/10
Selection on spot market
• Selection is based on lowest generalized cost,
considering factors such as
• Proximity to actual caller
• Vehicle operating cost according to driving
times and bid unit price in the contract
• Special needs of customers
• And even quality rating for the 500 companies
having contract with PTOs.

14. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 14/10
Transparency for the supplier
• We have built a system with transparency for the
transport companies
• On a website they can se details of the payment
• We use reverse invoice (we decide the amount on
basis of rules for e.g. service level, time of day,
rush hour traffic)
• Insures less administration for transport
companies and gives easier access for small
transport companies

15. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 15/10
Ressource optimizing
Start zone End zone
School
planning
Point
planning
Taxi planning
Must have control on ?
- Where is the cart -Capacity
- What is it paid - Cost allocation

16. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 16/10
Flex Process
REQUESTEDTRIP
Describe ”trip”
from A to B with
time and service
restraints
Determine
eligibility and
describe the
”citizen”
COMPLETEDTRIP
PICKUP
Traffic Control
& Contract
Management
Resource cost
optimization
Evaluation Booking Optimization Execution Accounting Reporting
Quality
Assurance &
Follow-up
Cost
Allocation &
Invoicing /
Payments

17. The Danish approach to combine several types of transportation 17/10
A Basis platform for Transport
A way to use MaaS with more attributes
Flex Traffic
Travel planners for
public transport
Taxi
Bus
Train
FLX
Platform
Channels of demand Types of supply
Blue is in operation - Green is approved - Yellow is on the way but needs clarification - Red is future needs
External systems
Customer systems
Web Portal / App
bookings
Call Center booking
FlexTravel
TCN
Car / Ride Sharing