2. Oxygen Cell
Hi I am O2 ,you can call
me oxygen, and I will be your guide today.
I advise you keep all feet
and hands inside the ride at all times.
JH
3. Respiratory Intro
You may be asking, what is the
Respiratory system? Well, the
Respiratory system is the system that
helps you breath in and out, so
oxygen (02) can be pumped through
your body and carbon dioxide (CO2)
can be removed from the blood
stream. You must remember that the
Respiratory system is made up of
many different organs.
JH
4. Where are we?
Nasal Passage
Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels
called capillaries
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass
air to and from
your alveoli.
The Trachea
is held open
by partial
rings of
cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Here We Go!!!
JH
5. Here is a overview picture of
the Respiratory System.
Just go to the next slide to see
it.
Picture Intro
MB
8. This is where it all begins.
This is where the oxygen first
enters your body and also where
Carbon Dioxide leaves.
The Nose and Mouth
MB
9. The Nose and Mouth
When the air comes into your nose it gets
filtered by tiny hairs and it is moistened by the
mucus that is in your nose.
Your sinuses also help out with your
Respiratory System. They help to moisten
and heat the air that you breath.
Air can also get into your body through your
mouth/oral cavity but air is not filtered as
much when it enters in through your mouth.
MB
10. Nose and Mouth Picture
Nasal Cavity
Nostril
Oral Cavity
Pharynx
Here is a picture of your nasal and
oral cavity.
MB
11. Nasal Passage
Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels
called capillaries
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass
air to and from
your alveoli.
The Trachea
is held open
by partial
rings of
cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are
We?
We are here.
MB
12. The Pharynx and Trachea
Next we will head down to your pharynx
(throat) and your trachea (windpipe).
This is where the air passes from your
nose to your bronchi tubes and lungs.
MB
13. The Pharynx and Trachea
Your pharynx (throat) gathers air after it passes
through your nose and then the air is passed down to
your trachea (windpipe).
Your trachea is held open by “incomplete rings
of cartilage.” Without these rings your trachea
might close off and air would not be able to get
to and from your lungs.
MB
Pharynx
(Throat)
Mouth
Trachea
14. Nasal Passage
Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels
called capillaries
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass
air to and from
your alveoli.
The Trachea
is held open
by partial
rings of
cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are
We?
We are here.
MB
15. Your trachea (windpipe) splits up into
two bronchi tubes. These two tubes keep
splitting up and form your bronchiole.
The Bronchi Tubes and
Bronchiole Intro
MB
16. The Bronchi Tubes and
Bronchiole
These bronchi tubes split up, like
tree branches, and get smaller and smaller
inside your lungs.
The air flows past your bronchi tubes
and into your bronchiole. These tubes
keep getting smaller and smaller until they
finally end with small air sacs (called alveoli).
But we will go there later…
MB
18. Nasal Passage
Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels
called capillaries
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass
air to and from
your alveoli.
The Trachea
is held open
by partial
rings of
cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are
We?
We are here.
MB
19. Now we will head over to the
alveoli and what happens when the
air finally makes it down there.
The Alveoli and Capillary
Network
MB
20. The Alveoli and Capillary
Network
Your alveoli are tiny air sacs
that fill up with air/oxygen when you
breath in.
Your alveoli are surrounded by
many tiny blood vessels called
capillaries.
The walls of your alveoli (and capillaries) are
so thin that the oxygen or carbon dioxide can
pass through them, traveling right into, or
out of your blood stream.
MB
21. Alveoli Picture
Here is a close
up picture of
your Alveoli
and a Capillary
surrounding it.
Capillary
Red Blood
Cell
Oxygen is
picked up
Carbon
Dioxide is
dropped off
Wall of
the air
sac
MB
22. Nasal Passage
Bronchi Tubes
Alveoli (air-sacs)
Thin-walled blood vessels
called capillaries
Very thin cells line the
alveoli so that O2 and
CO2 can pass in and
out of the blood.
Bronchioles pass
air to and from
your alveoli.
The Trachea
is held open
by partial
rings of
cartilage.
Tongue
Pharynx
Where are
We?
We are here.
MB
24. Looking at the Alveoli
Lets take a closer
look shall we.
JH
25. Chemicals
Red blood cell carrying Carbon dioxide
Chemical change is taking place in cell
Red blood cell carrying oxygen
Alveolus
Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane)
Capillary
JH
26. Diffusion
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Alveolus
Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane*)
Capillary
JH
* A specialized thin layer of skin
that oxygen and carbon dioxide
can pass through.
Oxygen diffuses
through the
membrane into the
blood stream.
Carbon Dioxide
diffuses through the
membrane and
enters the alveolus.
28. I
n
t
r
o
t
o
D
i
a
p
h
r
a
g
m
Now we will look at the Diaphragm.
You might be wondering, what does the
Diaphragm do? The Diaphragm is an
important factor in breathing.
JH
30. Here is an experiment that you
can try.
Diaphragm Experiment
JH
31. Experiment Instructions
1st you need a bottle that you can sacrifice to
cut up.
2nd you cut the bottom of the bottle and put a big
balloon on the bottom.
3rd get a rubber cork ( make sure it blocks the
hole)and put a hole through it ( top to bottom).
Insert a thin tube into the cork and place a balloon
on the bottom of the tube.
4th make sure the thing is airtight.
JH
32. Respiratory Overview Review
CO2
JH
The Pharynx, or throat, is
located where passages
from the nose and mouth
came together.
Air Passing over the mucus
membrane of the nasal
cavity is moistened,
warmed, and filtered
Inside the lungs the
Bronchi branch into
small tubes called
bronchioles
At the end of the
bronchioles are
bunches of alveoli,
air sacs, arranged like
grapes on a stem
Air enters the
trachea, or wind pipe
which leads to and
from the lungs
The trachea divides into
two tubes called bronchi
If one lobe is injured or
diseased, the other lobes
may be able to function
normally
33. Fun Facts
* At rest, the body takes in and breathes out about 10 liters of air each minute.
* The right lung is slightly larger than the left.
* The highest recorded "sneeze speed" is 165 km per hour.
* The surface area of the lungs is roughly the same size as a tennis court.
* The capillaries in the lungs would extend 1,600 kilometers if placed end to
end.
* We lose half a liter of water a day through breathing. This is the water vapor
we see when we breathe onto glass.
* A person at rest usually breathes between 12 and 15 times a minute.
* The breathing rate is faster in children and women than in men.
