Draftsman Civil Online Class Civil Engineering Theorey & Drawing Er. Neelakantan Namboodiri Chartered Engineer

1. Civil Engineering Drawing
Fundamentals
Paper -1 Civil Engineering Drawing
1Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020
Kizhumundayoor Neelakantan . Chartered Engineer.
9744184434

2.  Man requires three basic things to live.
They area:
 Food
 Cloth to cover body to protect from heat
and cold.
 A safe place to live in protected from harsh
environments and enemies.
2
Draftsman Civil Online Course-
Paper -1 Civil Engineering Drawing
8/8/2020

3.  Our ancestors in thousands and millions of
years back, collected food from vegetable
and hunting animals. They used barks of
wood and leaves when thought of
concealing nakedness. They lived in caves
of hills in those days.
 Gradually, fire was discovered.. Agriculture
started. Making of small dwelling huts with
available local materials began gradually.
Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020 3 3

4.  As years passed by and civilizations
prospered, the demand of food, cloth and
shelter increased in various ways and types.
 Modern man requires good and delicious
and nutritious food to eat, good ,durable
and fancy cloths to wear, and decent
houses to live in. This demand for better
food, cloths and houses is ever increasing
and will never stop.
4Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

5.  Out of the three basic needs of man, we are
now concerned with the third item , ie,
housing. In primitive days, men constructed
their houses themselves with available
construction materials locally in then
existing facilities. Wood and wood parts
were mostly used. Sometimes, they set up
shelters on tree tops between branches to
save from animal attack. In Assam, we can
still see such houses atop trees.
5Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

6.  Modern man requires dwelling houses with
more facilities. The houses should be good
to look at. The cost should be
reasonable.These can be achieved by using
scietific princilpes to house and building
construction. A civil engineer can design
and guide in constructing good houses.
Actually a civil engineer is required to
design and construct not only houses, but
roads, bridges, schools, factories etc etc..
6Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

7.  A civil engineer will have mainly the
following assistants to help his work.
1. Junior Civil Engineer.
2. Civil Draftsman
3. Site supervisor
4. Skilled workers
5. Unskilled workers.
7Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

8.  Civil engineer mainly gives major design
concepts and sketched drawing with
approximate dimensions. It is the work of the
civil draftsman to draw the plan to correct
dimensions . Every civil engineer who runs an
office will need the help of civil draftsmen. An
architect is actually a civil engineer who has
specialized in different types of buildings. He
also needs help of civil or architectural
draftsman. In site work, a civil draftsman
sometimes works as a site supervisor.
8Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

9.  A good civil draftsman who knows the work,
will find the job easily. He can also work as a
house planner and designer for houses of
moderate type. Now a days, government
sanction is required to construct the houses. So
house planning, designing, drawing, submitting
to local bodies and getting permission has
become compulsory in Kerala and many other
states of India. India has great scope to
develop in housing and infrastructure
development sector in the future. So many civil
draftsmen will be required in the coming days.
Future is bright for a good and able civil
draftsman.
9Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

10.  National Council for Vocational Training (
NCVT) is the Central Government Body who is
conducting Civil Draftsman and other similar
vocational courses in India.Several government
and private institures conduct these courses .
Such institutes are called Industrilal Training
Institutes or Industrial Training Centers (
ITS/ITC) . For D/Civil, which is the short form
for Draftsman Civil, there are three subjects.
They are (1)Civil Engineering Drawing Practical
(2) Civil Engineering Theory (3) Workshop
Calculation & Science.
10Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

11.  In these online classes also, these three subjects will be
taught ,namely,
 Civil Engineering Drawing
 Civil Engineering Theory
 Workshop Calculation & Science.
 In technical institutes, students are trained to draw plans of
buildings , mainly, in drawing sheets. In an online class like
this, this method is not practical. So essential fundamentals
of plan civil drawing will be taught with sketches. Students
have to practise themselves. Now-a-days, manual drafting
method has vanished. All drafting are done with software
programs like Autocad. Therefore, a student who has
known the fundamentals of civil drafting can easily undergo
an Autocad course in some good institute nearby. With Civil
background, he will find it easy to follow and learn the
course.
11Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

12. Standard Drawing Sheet Sizes.
12Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

13.  After preparing an engineering or civil drawing
using software such as AutoCAD etc, the hard
copies are taken in standard drawing sheets.
The printers are designed to handle these
standard sizes of sheets. These sizes are :
 A4 = 297 mm x210 mm
 A3 =420mmx297 mm
 A2 =594 mm x 420 mm
 A1 = 840mmx594 mm
 A0 = 1188mmx840 mm
 These sizes have been standardized as per
Indian Standard Code No : IS 696-1972
13Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

14.  Here you can view the different sizes of drawing sheets sketched
for more understanding.
14Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
From left: A4=210x294 All sheets in portrait mode. Horizontal x Vertical
A3=297x420
A2=420x594
A1=594x840
A0=840x1188

15.  For preparing and submitting civil drawings
of ordinary medium type buildings, A3, A2
and at the maximum A1 size sheets are
sufficient. A4 size sheet is not used for plan
submission purposes. Only very large
buildings drawing require A0 size sheets.
 A self employed civil draftsman preparing
drawings of small houses and submitting to
Municipalities or Panchayats ,will need to
take prints in A3 or A2 size sheets as the
buildings will be usually of small type.
15Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

16.  A drawing sheet will have the following
items in it.
 A large drawing area.
 Margins on all four sides.
 A rectangular box of sufficient size called
“ Title Block”, in which heading of the
drawing is written.
 An area , usually on right side for entering
drawing details.
 A typical drawing sheet of A3 size is shown
in next slide.
16Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020

17.  A typical drawing sheet should be of standard sizes
depending on the plan details to be drawn in it. For
plans of small and medium residential buildings, A3 or
A2 size sheet will be sufficient. A drawing sheet will have
the following portions in it.
 Border of sufficient width all around.
 A large drawing/drafting space .
 A title block preferably on right bottom corner to include
drawing details.
 Sometimes, additional space is allotted to write other
drawing details also such as door & window details, plot
details, etc etc. The space available should be well
arranged to have good and professional look for
drawing.
 A typical drawing sheet is shown in the next chapter
slide.
17Draftsman Civil Online Course- 8/8/2020