This document discusses advanced technologies for vegetable production that address common problems and challenges faced by farmers. It outlines issues with seed germination, pests, diseases, weeds, and climate sensitivity. It then presents various technologies to help, such as using resistant varieties, raised bed cultivation, soil solarization, bio-control applications, mulching, vertical supports, mixed/multiple cropping, micro-irrigation, protected cultivation, mechanization, hydroponics and soilless systems. Specific techniques are described for issues like fertilizer and irrigation efficiency, rainy season crops, off-season production, urban cultivation and using solar energy.

1. Advanced Technologies in Vegetable
Production
Dr. Nikhil Ambish Mehta
Research Officer
Punjab State Farmers and Farm Worker Commission

2. Problems & Challenges in Vegetable
Production
• Germination issues of seeds
• Insect Pest Diseases
• Soil Born Problem
• Weed Management
• Seedling making and transplanted issues
• Seedling making and transplanted issues
• Labor intensive Harvesting
• Sensitive to climate Change
(Sunlight/Temperature/Humidity/Rainfall
• Irrigation and fertilizer application
• Protection from adverse cultivation- Rains,Storm
• Problematic soils area

3. Advanced Technologies
• Selection of Resistant high yielding Varieties.
• Raised Bed cultivation of vegetables.
• Soil Solarization & Soil sterlization
• Use of Bio-culture in basal application
• Mulching Techniques for weed Management
• Mulching Techniques for weed Management
• Vegetables cultivation using Vertical support system.
• Mixed cropping and Multiple cropping
• Micro Irrigation & Fertigation (Drip and Sprinkler)
• Nursery Production
• Protected cultivation
• Mechanization
• Hydroponics/ Soilless cultivation

4. Resistant Varieties
1. Heat Tolerate varieties
(Tomato /chilli/capsicum)
2. Virus Resistant Varieties
(okra/tomato/Chilli/
Capsicum/Brinjal)
3. Nematode Resistance using
grafting (Using wild spp.)
grafting (Using wild spp.)
4. Wilt resistant varieties (Wilt
and Melons)
5. Exotic varieties (colored
capsicum, colored
cauliflower, Cherry Tomato,
Lettuce, Broccoli)
6. Parthenocarpy-Seedless
(cucumber, Brinjal, Melons)

5. Soil Solarization
•To control Soil born Insect pest problem
•Recommended in May June
•Soil temperatures raised to more than 50 degree C.
•Using transparent polysheet 20 micron
•Steam sterilization with soil solarization
•Steam sterilization with soil solarization

6. Bio-Control in Basal Application
Sr.No Name of Technical product Brand Name Dosage
1. Mix the Below Bio product with 200 kg Vermicopost and sprinkle water on it.
2. Cover the mixture with Gunny Bags for 2 Days
3. Above bio product can given through drenching with @ 5 ml per liter after one
month interval
4. Liquid Formulations are better than powder formulation
5. Take Fresh Products use with in 3 to 6 months.
1 Trichoderma harzianum De-Tricho 2 Liter per acre
2 Pseudomonas fluorescens De-Pseudo 2 Liter per acre
3 Paecilomyces lilacinus DEPACK or
BioNematone
2 Liter per acre
4 Verticilum Chlamidospora Nematofree+ 2 Kg per acre
5 Phosphorus Solublising Bacteria PSB = De-Phos 2 Liter per acre
6 Potash Solublising Bacteria KSB = De-Potash 2 Liter per acre
7 Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza VAM = Rutoz 2 Liter per acre
8 Azotobacter (Nitro-Bacteria) DE-Nitro 2 Liter per acre

7. Process of Enrichment of FYM
• 1 ton of Farm Yard Manure has to be enriched by mixing with 2 kg
of each of Pseudomonas fluorescens + Trichoderma harzianum +
Paecilomyces lilacinus. It has to be covered with mulch and optimum
moisture of 25 - 30% has to be maintained for a period of 15 days.
moisture of 25 - 30% has to be maintained for a period of 15 days.

8. Raised bed, drip Irrigation, Mulching

9. Fertigation With Mulching
• Water Use Efficiency
• Fertilizer Use Efficiency
• Less Weeds & Less Weedicide
• No Hoeing require
• Reduce Labor cost & Inputs
• Reduce Labor cost & Inputs
• Maintain Soil Temperature
• Less Insect-Pest attack & Less pesticide
• Less Fruit Rooting &
• High Yield with Better Quality

10. Plastic mulching in Vegetables with
Drip Irrigation
•Narrow Holes in Mulching sheet during Winters ( 2 to 4 inch Diameter)
•Bigger holes in Mulching sheet in case of Summer crops ( 6 to 8 inch Diameter)
•Silver Black Mulching of 25 to 30 microns is recommended
•Yellow plastic mulching can be used to protect crop from White fly and Aphids
Winter Crop Summer Crops

11. Cucurbits cultivation with Bamboo
vertical Support System in Rainy season
Bitter gourd, Ridge gourd and bottle-gourd crop with vertical support

12. Multiple cropping and Mixed cropping
1. Okra with coriander
2. Cole crop with carrot /Radish
3. Strawberry with chilli
4. Chilli/Capsicum with Peas
5. Tomato with marigold

13. On Farm Irrigation Efficiency of Different
Irrigation Methods

16. Onion crop on flood Irrigation
Onion crop on Drip Irrigation
Onion crop on Sprinkler Irrigation

17. Sprinkler Irrigation
Improved Control Over Flood and Furrow Irrigation
Sensitive to wind
Evaporation from soil and plant canopy
Leaf-disease or Leaf-burns

18. Benefits of seedling
1. Plants less time to give fruits after
transplant
2. Efficient use of water and Nutrients
2. Efficient use of water and Nutrients
3. Weed management
4. Uniform growth of plants
5. Good for Hybrid crops

19. Seed to seedling in protrays

20. Automatic Sowing of Different seed

21. Artificial Climate Control Symptom

22. Supply at Door Step

23. Shade Net-house for propagation
Low tunnel Technology
Cold frames Mist propagationunit

24. Effect of light intensity using shadenet of
different colours

25. Protected cultivation – Offseason
cultivation
1. Winter cultivation of seedless cucumber with Raise bed
2. With drip fertigation, Mulching and Protected cultivation
3. Vertical support system and Leaf prunning

26. Melon cultivation in Protected structure

28. Mechnisation in Sowing – Carrot,
Radish, Okra, Cole crops

29. Mechanical Harvesting
•From Sowing to Harvest Machnisation in Potato and carrot Crops
•Reduce Labour cost
•Efficient harvest with Time saving of harvesting
•Marketing at right time

30. Hydroponics, Aeroponics and
Aquaculture

31. NFT System
Leafy lettuce cultivation in NFT system

32. Centre for Vegetables Production by Government
of Punjab
Centre of Excellence for Vegetables Kartarpur
Jalandhar, Punjab
Hi-Tech vegetable Centre,BirCharik,
Moga Punjab
Centre of Excellence for Potato
Dhogri Jalandhar, Punjab

33. Hydroponic cultivation in Punjab
33
Brahmi cultivation by Gurkirpal in Moga
S. Hardip Singh Kingra from Faridkot
Pritpal Singh From RupNagar

34. Urban Cultivation of Vegetables
Vegetable cultivation with soilless media and
Grow bags with drip irrigation and
fertigation.

35. Using Solar Energy with Water
Storage and Drip Irrigation
Trap Solar Enrgy for vegetable cultivation and Rain Water harvesting and Storage
35

36. Thank You
M-7508018998
Email-nikhilambishmehta@gmail.com