2. Why protected cultivation is needed
โข Protection from insect-pest and diseases
โข Protection from adverse climate
โข High productivity
โข High quality and continuous availability
โข High quality and continuous availability
โข Off-season cultivation is possible
โข Minimum use of pesticides
โข More income per unit area
โข Best way for judicious use of natural resoucess
3. Climate Requirement
โข Although maximum growth occurs at a day and
night temperature of about 28ยฐC.
โข Maximum fruit production is achieved with a
night temperature of 19-20ยฐC and a day
temperature of 20-22ยฐC.
temperature of 20-22ยฐC.
โข The optimum daily average air temperature is
15- 24ยฐC (65-75ยฐF).
โข Optimum temperatures for growth are at night,
about 18ยฐC, and during the day, about 28ยฐC
accompanied by high light intensity.
4. Planting Time
Growing season of Cucumbers is relatively short, lasting 90-
120 days for greenhouse varieties.
Summer Crop Season
Feb sowing with seedling
March sowing can be with Direct Seed sowing
Winter Crop Season โ August September up to December
Winter Crop Season โ August September up to December
Direct Sowing is recommended genrally when temp is
Above 15 C.
Generally for polyhouse: Parthenocarpic cucumber i.e.
they produce fruit without the need of pollination.
5. Cucumber Hybrids for Polyhouse
โข 3 types of cucumbers based on flowering habit:
1. That produces only female flowers Gynoecious
2. The Gyno-monoecious which is predominantly produce
female flowers with some male flowers
3. Monoecious: has both male and female flowers
3. Monoecious: has both male and female flowers
โข Popular hybrids:-
February to March - Multistar, Emistar, Captainstar,
Falconstar, Judson, Festa, 5232
May June โ 2833 (Seminis) , Summer Crown (Hi-gen)
September - Multistar, Falconstar, Judson, Feista
October - Kingstar
6. Duration of Crop
โข Double row sowing in summer crop and Single
row sowing in winter crop recommended
โข For sandy Loam soil , two drip line
recommended, For Clay soil single drip line can
be use
be use
โข Plant population 8000-10000 plants per acre.
โข Flowering at 30 days after sowing.
โข 45 days for getting first Harvest.
โข 100-120 days crop cycle.
10. Soil Preparation
โข Deep Ploughing of field
โข Add FYM- Manure @ 10 Trolly per acre
โข Add Chicken Manure @ 2 Trolly per acre
โข Add Bi0-Char or Wood Aish @ 4 Trolly Per acre
โข Add Bi0-Char or Wood Aish @ 4 Trolly Per acre
โข Add Vermicompost @ 2 MT per acre during bed
preperation with Microbs Culture
โข Microbs like Trichoderma, Psedomonas,
Paecilomysis , PSB, KSB , Azotobactor should be
added @ 2 Liter per acre each before planting.
โข Soil should be moist make Soil Alive (Living Soil)
15. Methods of density
1. Single rows (for winter crop and low greenhouses):
โข 130-150cm between rows
โข 40-50cm between plants in row
โข 40cm is recommended for low vigor varieties
โข The density is 1.7-1.8 plant/m2
โข The density is 1.7-1.8 plant/m2
II. Double rows (for high well ventilated greenhouses):
โข 180-200cm center-center of beds
โข 50-60cm in between pair rows
โข 40-50cm between plants in row
โข Density is 2.4-2.6 plants/m2
27. Fertilizer and Water Requirement
Cucumber needs continuous water supply depends on soil
and climate
In general, green house cucumbers are irrigated through
drip system of irrigation and fertilizers are applied through
water: Fertigation
water: Fertigation
In addition to NPK, calcium is also required for fruit quality
and higher yields
Calcium should always applied through soil, not spraying
Boron Spray is require at the time of Flowering and Fruit
Setting.
28. EC & pH Requirements
โขSoil Testing and Water Testing is very
important.
โขIn soil testing, Check- EC, pH, Organic
matter, Major and Micro nutrients.
โขIrrigation water should have EC <1 and pH
should be 6.5 to 7.0
should be 6.5 to 7.0
โขFertigation water should have EC = 1.5
and pH should be 6.25.
โขSoil EC should be <0.8 and pH should be
5.5 to 7.5.
29. Harvesting and Yield
From transplanting to first harvest: 35-40 days
in gynoecious cultivars
In Good managed crop:
Febuary-March Crop Yield = 4-5 Kg/ per Plant
August-Sept. Crop Yield =2-3 Kg/ per Plant
August-Sept. Crop Yield =2-3 Kg/ per Plant
May- June Crop Yield =2 Kg/ per Plant
Gynoecious type cucumber Crop takes
3-4 month crop duration
30. Nutrient Influence Each Other
Antagonism:
High levels of one
specific element reduce the
uptake of an other element
In : K and Mg
Synergism:
High levels of one
specific element increase the
uptake of an other element
K in relation to Fe + Mn
34. Nematodes on roots
โขMore in Sandy Soils, More in Summer Crops,
Mostly symptoms came at 50 days crop
โขStunted growth and Root with nodules
โขSoil Solarization in May June
โขCrop Roation
โขGreen Manuring
โขGreen Manuring
โขAdd FYM 10 Trolly per acre and 2 Trolley Chicken
manure
โขAdd 4 Qtl. Mustard Cake and 4Qtl Neem Cake
โขAdd 4Qtl of Vermicompost during bed making
with all the microbial culture.
โขAdd Paecilomysis (BioNematone ), verticilium
Chlamydosppora (Nematofree), Trichoderma
viridis and Psedomonas @ 2 Liter per acre each
35. Bio-Control in Basal Application
Sr.No Name of Technical product Brand Name Dosage
1 Trichoderma harzianum De-Tricho 2 Liter per acre
2 Pseudomonas fluorescens De-Pseudo 2 Liter per acre
3 Paecilomyces lilacinus DEPACK or
BioNematone
2 Liter per acre
4 Verticilum Chlamidospora Nematofree+ 2 Kg per acre
5 Phosphorus Solublising Bacteria PSB = De-Phos 2 Liter per acre
5 Phosphorus Solublising Bacteria PSB = De-Phos 2 Liter per acre
6 Potash Solublising Bacteria KSB = De-Potash 2 Liter per acre
7 Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhiza VAM = Rutoz 2 Liter per acre
8 Azotobacter (Nitro-Bacteria) DE-Nitro 2 Liter per acre
1. Mix the above Bio product with 200 kg Vermicopost and sprinkle water on it.
2. Cover the mixture with Gunny Bags for 2 Days
3. Above bio product can given through drenching with @ 5 ml per liter after one month
interval
4. Liquid Formulations are better than powder formulation
5. Take Fresh Products use with in 3 to 6 months.
36. Soil Solarization in May June
โขTo control Soil born Insect pest problem
โขRecommended in May June Summers
โขSoil temperatures raised to more than 50 degree
C.
โขUsing transparent polysheet 20 micron
โขSteam sterilization with soil solarization using
โขSteam sterilization with soil solarization using
water with drip
37. Process of Enrichment of FYM
1 ton of Farm Yard Manure has to be enriched by mixing with 2 kg of
each of Pseudomonas fluorescens + Trichoderma harzianum +
Paecilomyces lilacinus / verticilum clymidospora (Nematofree+).
It has to be covered with mulch and optimum moisture of 25 - 30% has
to be maintained for a period of 15 days.
Vermicompost can also be enriched with Microbs cultures.
38. Velum Prime for Nematode Control
1. Plants should be 5-6 leaf stage for
application.
2. We can not apply before sowing and after
sowing of seed.
sowing of seed.
3. Soil should be moist and given water with
velum Prime in root zone.
4. Dosage 500 ml per acre . i.e 0.5 ml per liter
in drenching with at least 100 ml drenching
per plant.
48. Disease management
โข Botrytis โ M-45 and Roko @ 2 gm per liter
โข Sclerotinia โ Nativo @ 1 gm per liter
โข Downy Mildew โ Acrobat @1 gm + M-45@
2gm per liter or Curzet-
2gm per liter or Curzet-
Cymoxallin+mencozeb
@ 2 gm per liter
โข Powder Mildew โ Karathane @ 1 ml per liter
โข Angular Leaf Spot โ Antracol @ 1 to 2 gm per
liter
49. Viruses in Cucumber Crop
4. Viruses: CMV, CVYV, CYV,,CGMMV
1. Spray of Virus Killer By Sanjiwani or Virogoud
@ 2ml per liter when there is start of virus
attack
attack
2. Remove the virus infected plant the
spray Control vectors, white fly and
aphids
52. Major Insects:
1. Red mites,
2. Thrips,
3. White Fly (Bemisia Tabaci)
Pests of Cucumbers in
greenhouses
3. White Fly (Bemisia Tabaci)
4. Leaf miner,
5. Tobbaco Caterpillar :
Spodoptera
53. Red mites Attack
Management :
โขMaintain Humidity 50-60% Wetting of
soil or Hozzing Spray Ethion @ 2 ml per
Liter
โขSpray Oberon @ 0.5 to 1 ml per Liter
โขM-Impact @ 1m l per liter
โขDev-Mite @ 1ml per liter
โขDev-Mite @ 1ml per liter
54. White Fly
Bemisia Tabaci
โขHostathione (Trizophos) @ 1ml per liter
โขLano (pyroproxifen ) @ 2ml per liter
โขPegasus (Difenthron) @0.5 gm per liter
โข Ulalla by UPL @ 1.5 ml per liter
โข Erazer by Green care @2ml per liter
55. Leaf miner
โขHMO @ 2ml per liter
โขImidachloprid @ 0.5 to 1 ml per
liter
โขPerfenophos @ 2ml per liter
โข Tracer/Deligate@ 0.25 ml per
liter
56. Thrips
Spray
โขImidachloprid @ 0.5 to 1 ml per
liter
โขDeligate @ 0.25 ml per liter
โขFipronil @ 1-2 ml per liter
โขEmmamectin benzoate @ 1ml
oer liter
โขVimstar @ 2ml per liter
58. Non Pathogenic Disorders
โข High salinity
โข Fruit Skin creaking (cold injury)
โข Herbicides damage
โข Herbicides damage
โข Male flowers
โข Misshaped fruits (temp. and Pollination)
59. High Salinity symptoms
โขLeaf margins become Yellow due to high salinity or high EC of Soil
โขDue to high fertilizer application
โขDue to mixing of two or more water soluble fertilizers and using less water for dilution
โขDue to less irrigation and more fertigation in winters
64. Farmers Agri Mart- Mushkabad (LDH)
โขExemplary Model farm of protected cultivation in Punjab
โขAvailable all Agriculture inputs at a Single Place
โขCollective Farming Approach
โขStandardized the Techniques of vegetable cultivation.
Davinder Singh
65. Progressive Farmers of Cucumber
Jatin
Aggarwal
from
Hoshiarpur
Harbir
Singh
From
Sarabha
Ludhiana
66. Progressive Farmers of Cucumber
Harpreet Singh From Anandpur Sahib Arwinder Singh ( Boby) from Dasuya Hoshiarpur
Dhandeep Singh from Ludhiana
Sukhdev Singh Hundal from Moga
67. Spray Schedule for cucumber
Sr. No Name of Spray Details Sprayapplication Satge of crop
1 Blue Copper (COC) Duringcloudy days Spray 1 to 2 gm per liter 4 leaf stage
2 Rokko (ThioPhonatemethyl ) Duringcloudy days Spray 2 gm per liter weekly interval
3 M-45 mancozeb Duringcloudy days Spray 2 gm per liter weekly interval
4 Lehocin (BASF) Spray 2ml per liter evening, temperature cool 15 days intervalrepeat spray 25-30 days
5 Plnofix ( NAA) Bayer mix with fungicide 10 days interval 3 ml per 16 liter 38 days plant
6 starter - 11-36-24 Folair stage 7 leaf stage spray 4 gm per liter
7 PeakVant 15 days plant fortnigtly 5gm per liter Fungalissues
8 Booster ICL NPK 08-16-39 45 days crop 5gm per liter Weekly spray
9 Fruitvant ICL 60 days crop 5gm per liter Weeply spray
10 Hoshi 35 day after sowing 1 ml / liter for growt Drip 200 ml per acre
11 Rich Boromin Ca Amino Acid -Richfield /Indofil @ 3ml per liter 30 DAS 4 days interval
11 Rich Boromin Ca Amino Acid -Richfield /Indofil @ 3ml per liter 30 DAS 4 days interval
12 M impact mix with any ICL fertilizer mites 15 DAS 1ml per liter
13 Virus killer by (sanjevani) For white fly control 30 DAS 2 ml per liter each
14 Vimstar 5 days interval For small plants @1 ml / liter 2ml per liter
15 Erazer by Green care weekly aternativelyor ombine with vimstar 2 ml per liter
16 Fame or Coragen When there is attack on caterpillar 0.25 ml per liter weekly interval
17 Plethoraby Adama When there is attack on Black green caterpillar 2 ml per liter weekly interval
18 Imida or Actara Sucking pest 0.5 ml per liter weekly interval
19 Sumipremptby Sumitumo For white fly control 2 ml per liter weekly interval
20 Ridomil Gold Dampingoff in nursery 1 gm per liter weekly interval
21 Acrobat (Dimethomorf) BASF DownyMildew 1gm per liter weekly interval
22 Infintoby bayer DownyMildew 1.5 gm per liter weekly interval
23 Amistar Top Powderymildw 1 ml per liter weekly interval
68. Thank You
Dr. Nikhil Ambish Mehta
Research Officer /HDO
M-7508018998
Email : dr.nikhil.hdo@gmail.com