Powdery mildew fungal disease

1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562
Powdery mildew of Mustard
Course teacher: Student:
Dr. Parthasarathy S, Sangeethagomathi R,
Asst., Professor, 2015021114.
(Plant Pathology).

2. Contents
Introduction
History
Significance
Symptoms
Systematic position
Disease cycle
Management

3. Introduction
 It is one of the important oil producing crop
next to groundnut.
 20 diseases affects the mustard. Among
them Alternaria blight, White rust, downy
mildew, powdery mildew, phyllody causes
high yield loss (Saharan, 1992).

4. History:
 Powdery mildew was first reported by
Butler in 1907 at Chenab canal of Punjab.
 Powdery mildew is caused by
Erysiphe cruciferarum

5.  The name E.cruciferarum was given by
Junell in 1967.

6. Occurrence and distribution:
 First this disease was observed in Punjab.
At that time, it was considered as minor
disease, but recently it is severe in some
parts.

7.  World level - Europe, USA, UK, Turkey and
Japan.
 India - Gujarat, UP, Rajasthan and Haryana.

8. Significance
 According to Saharan and Sheoran (1985),
quality and quantity of seeds get affected
and damage upto 17.5 % and yield loss upto
45%.
 The oil content also reduced to 6.47 %.

9. Symptom
 Initially small dirty white circular spots
appear and become powdery mass and
covers the whole plant.

10.  Infected plants appear dusted with granular
powdery mass consisting of mycelium,
conidiophore, conidia of fungus.
 Diseased pods show reduced size and
heavily infested pod remain empty.

11. Powdery mildew of mustard caused by E.cruciferarum.

12. POWDERY GROWTH ON MUSTARD LEAVES

13. Systematic position
Kingdom : Fungi
Phylum : Ascomycota
Class : Pyrenomycetes
Order : Erysiphales
Family : Erysiphaceae
Genus : Erysiphe
Species : E . cruciferarum

14. Disease cycle

15. Mode of spread
 Primary inoculum:
Plant debris.
 Secondary spread:
Wind borne conidia through primary
inoculum.

16. Pathogen
 Obligate parasite, mycelium amphigenous
white, septate and persistent, spreading.
 Conidia cylindrical, hyaline.
 Anamorph - Oidium,
 Telomorph - Erysiphe.

17.  Perithecia, globose, scattered with
appendages.
 Asci are Oval in shape.
 Ascospores are Ovoid in shape.

18. Conidia of Erysiphe

19. Favourable condition
 For conidia germination 20 – 25°C.
 Long distance spread of conidia takes place
at low RH.
 Epidemic during Feb – Mar.

20. Management
Cultural method:
 Timely sowing as crop matures early and
escapes from disease.
 Avoid use of excess nitrogen fertilizers and
remove plant debris.

21. Chemical method
 Fungicides like dinocap 48 EC, triadimefon
25WP, karathane or carbendazim @ 0.1%,
hexaconazole, tebuconozole can be sprayed
at the intervals of 7 – 14 days.

22. Biological control
 Use resistant varieties such as HC-1,
PPC-2, PCR-7, Laxmi etc…,
 Biological control Ampelomyces quisqualis
(biofungicide) applied with mineral oil or
silicone surfactant early in the morning or
late at evening.

23. Reference:
 Gupta V.K, Y.S.Paul, Sathish K.Sharma
“Fungi and Plant diseases”.
 http://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/PDIS