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Foot and Ankle Biomechanics
Bone of the Foot
28 bones (26 +2)
 14 phalanges
 5 metatarsals
 7 tarsals
 2 sesamoids
Plantar Flexion
•Gastrocnemius
•Soleus
•Plantaris
•Peroneus Longus &
Brevis
•Tibialis Posterior
•Flexor Hallucis Longus
•Flexor Digitorum Longus
Dorsiflexion
•Tibialis Anterior
•Extensor Digitorum Longus
•Extensor Hallucis Longus
•PeroneusTertius
Inversion, Adduction and Supination
•Tibialis Posterior
•Tibialis Anterior
•Flexor Digitorum
Longus
•Flexor Hallucis
Longus
•Extensor Hallucis
Longus
Eversion, Abduction and Pronation
•Peroneus Longus
•Peroneus Brevis
•PeroneusTertius
•Extensor
Digitorum Longus
Articulations
•Forefoot
• Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) Joint
• Proximal interphalangeal (PIP)
Joint
• Distal interphalangeal (DIP) Joint
•Midfoot
• Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) Joint
•Hindfoot
• Subtalar Joint
•Midtarsal Joint
Normal foot function
Abnormal foot function
• Medial axis
• Pronated
• Lateral axis
Supinated
RANGE OF MOTION
30-50°
20-30°
RANGE OF MOTION
7˚ 10˚
Weight Distribution(Barefoot standing)
THE END

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Biomechanics of foot and ankle