2. World War I
Causes WWI Effects
Europe
1914-
1919
•Militarism
(Industrial Rev.)
•Alliances
•Imperialism
•Nationalism
•Assassination of
archduke
Ferdinand in the
Balkan powder
keg
•Germany blamed Treaty
of Versailles Depression
Hitler/WWII
•New countries in Eastern
Europe
•League of Nations created
but very weak
•Mandates created in Middle
East
•Kemal Ataturk modernizes
Turkey
3. World War II
Causes WWII Effects
World
1939-
1945
•Fascism in Germany/ Italy
•Hitler breaks Treaty of
Versailles but…
appeasement
•Asia—Japan
imperialistic– needs
natural resources Rape
of Nanjing in China
•Creation of United Nations
•Nuremberg Trials holds
individuals responsible
•Holocaust Creation of
Israel
•Cold War Germany and
Korea divided
•Japan democracy
•Indian and African
independence movements
4. The Cold War
Causes Cold War Effects
•World War II ended
European supremacy
•Dropping of A-bomb
of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
•Competing ideologies
•Yalta Conference
•Cuban Missile Crisis
•Divided Germany
•Korean and Vietnam War
•Space Race
•Arms Race (Nuclear
Proliferation)
•Iron Curtain:
• W. Europe =democracy
• E. Europe =communism
•*Soviet Union collapses with
Gorbachev’s glasnost and
perestroika
5. Human Rights Violations
What is the Universal Declaration of
Human Rights?
UN document stating that all human beings
are born free and equal with dignity and
rights
6. Human Rights Violations
Ukraine South Africa Rwanda
•Stalin implements
Five Year Plan and
collective farms
•Kulaks (wealthy,
industrialized
farmers) in Ukraine
protest
•Forced famine
•Imperialism = white
control of South
Africa
•Apartheid in South
Africa (separation of
the races)
•Nelson Mandela,
Desmond Tutu use
civil disobedience to
end it
•Berlin Conference
(1884) causes ethnic
conflict
•Hutu extremists
attack Tutsi
minorities
•1 million dead in
100 days UN
•Mass migration
7. Human Rights Violations
Cambodia Myanmar Sudan
•American forces leave
Vietnam
•Communist rebels in the
Khmer Rouge under
Pol Pot come to power
•1 million Cambodians
killed to rid of Western
influence
•Military junta takes
over upon
independence
•Poverty and ethnic
tension
•Dissenters and
Muslim Rohingya
attacked
•Aung San Suu
Kyi = democracy
•Arab Muslims
attacking Black
Muslims in Darfur
(South Sudan)
• Refugee crisis as
people flee Darfur
•Sudan rich in oil =
no U.N. intervention
8. Modern Crisis in the Middle East
Secular vs.
Traditional
Palestine/
Israel
The 21st
Century
•Islamic
Fundamentalism
(struggle between
Western vs. traditional
Islam
•Examples: Iranian
Revolution with rise of
Ayatollah Khomeini
•Taliban in
Afghanistan
•Anti-Semitism
•UN partitions
Palestine in 1947
•Desire for homeland
= Jewish and Arab
nationalism
•Extremists
preventing peace
process
•9/11 attacks led to
increase US presence
in Middle East (Iraq
and Afghanistan)
•Led to women’s
rights but more anti-
West sentiments
