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1. TYPES OF ANGINA PECTORIS AND
ITS TREATMENT
Present By - SUBHA PANJA
Univ. Roll No. – 20101921042
Year – 2nd , sem – 5th
Subject – Medicinal Chemistry II
Subject Code – PT513
Guidance By – Dr. SMITA PATRA

2. INDEX
o INTRODUCTION
o DEFINITION
o TYPES OF ANGINA PECTORIS
o CONCLUSION
o FUTURE SCOPE
o REFERENCE

3.  INTRODUCTION
 Angina pectoris is a medical term used to describe chest pain or
discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. It occurs
when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen-rich blood,
usually due to the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries. There
are different types of angina, each with its own characteristics and
treatment approaches.

4.  DEFINITION
 Angina pectoris is chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle doesn't get enough
blood.
 Angina pectoris is chest pain resulting from myocardial ischemia (inadequate blood supply to the
myocardium).
 TYPES OF ANGINA PECTORIS
1. Stable angina
2. Unstable angina
3. Variant angina

5.  STABLE ANGINA
 Also known as "exertional angina" or “typical angina" .
 It is the most common type of angina.
 Stable angina occurs predictably during physical exertion, emotional stress, or after a heavy meal.
 The pain is usually short-lived (typically lasting for a few minutes) and is relieved with rest or nitroglycerin medication.
 Treatment for Stable Angina
 Lifestyle changes: Adopting a heart-healthy
diet, regular exercise, and smoking cessation
can help manage stable angina.
 Medications: Nitroglycerin or short-acting
nitrate medications can provide quick relief
during an angina attack. Long-acting nitrates,
beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and
antiplatelet agents may be prescribed to
prevent angina episodes.
 Aspirin: Low-dose aspirin may be prescribed
to reduce the risk of blood clot formation.
 Statins: Cholesterol-lowering medications
may be prescribed to control cholesterol levels
and reduce the risk of plaque buildup in
arteries.

6.  UNSTABLE ANGINA
 Also known as "acute coronary syndrome" (ACS).
 Unstable angina is more severe and unpredictable compared to stable angina.
 The pain may occur at rest, during minimal physical exertion, or be more intense and prolonged than stable angina.
 Unstable angina is considered a medical emergency as it may indicate a partial blockage or a vulnerable plaque that
could lead to a heart attack.
Treatment for Unstable Angina
• Hospitalization: People with unstable angina are
usually hospitalized for close monitoring and
immediate treatment.
• Medications: Nitroglycerin, aspirin, beta-blockers,
and antiplatelet agents are often given promptly.
• Coronary angiography: A procedure used to
visualize coronary arteries and identify blockages
or vulnerable plaques.
• Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG): In
cases of severe coronary artery disease, bypass
surgery may be necessary to reroute blood flow
around the blocked arteries.

7.  VARIANT ANGINA
 Also known as "vasospastic angina."
 Variant angina occurs due to sudden spasms in the coronary arteries, leading to temporary narrowing and reduced blood
flow.
 The pain can occur at rest and follows a distinctive pattern with episodes typically happening around the same time each
day.
 Treatment for Variant Angina
• Medications: Calcium channel blockers
and nitrates are often prescribed to relax
and dilate the coronary arteries, preventing
spasms.
• Lifestyle changes: Avoiding triggers such
as cold weather or emotional stress can
help manage the condition.

8. CONCLUSION
 Angina pectoris is a common symptom of heart disease, and its
management is crucial to prevent complications like heart attack and
heart failure. While current treatments are effective in managing
angina and improving patients' quality of life, there are still some
areas for future research and improvement.

9.  FUTURE SCOPE
 It's important to note that medical research is continually evolving, and new
breakthroughs may lead to even more promising treatments and management
strategies for angina pectoris in the future. Always consult with a healthcare
professional for the most up-to-date and personalized advice regarding angina and its
treatment.
 Advanced Treatment Options: The development of new medications and
therapies aimed at improving blood flow to the heart and reducing the
frequency and severity of angina attacks.
 Digital Health and Wearable Devices: Integration of wearable devices and
mobile health apps may allow continuous monitoring of heart health, enabling
prompt detection of angina episodes and helping patients manage their
condition more effectively.

10. REFERENCE
• A text book of Medicinal Chemistry II by Pragi Arora and
Varun Arora, 8th Edition, PV Publication, Page No.- 35-39
• text book of Medicinal Chemistry II by Dr. Selvakumar. S
and Dr. R. Srinivasan, 4th Edition, 2019, Thakur
Publication, Page No.- 52-62