Steady state theory

1. STEADY STATE
UNIVERSE
by Eric Karlan

2. The Basics
• Who: Hermann Bondi,
Thomas Gold, and Sir
Fred Hoyle
• When: 1948
• Where: Earth
• What: Proposed the
Steady State Theory
• Why: An alternative
theory to the Big Bang

3. The Theory
•The universe is always
the same, all the time,
always static, always
contracting or expanding.

4. THE LOGIC
• Based on theoretical mathematical
calculations
• No sudden beginning to universe
• Decrease in density caused by
expansion balanced by continuous
creation of matter condensing into
galaxies
• Maintain forever present appearance
of the universe

5. The Workings
• Reservoir of energy is negative:
Expansion and creation work against
each other
• Small number of atoms needed
annually to maintain steady state

6. The Contributions
• Explains hydrogen and helium
abundance in the universe
• Contributes to Wheeler-Feynman
Theory

7. The Refutation
• Distribution of Radio
Sources
• 1966: Discovery of
Quasars
• Cosmic Background
Radiation

8. The Meaning
• Radio galaxies and quasars occur
only at very large distances
• Implies red-shift
• Thus, evolution of universe

9. The Conclusion
• The Big Bang Model prevails present
day
• Steady State theory helped to prove
Big Bang through its testability

10. The Works Cited
• The Steady State Universe. Accessed
25 March, 2006.
http://www.schoolsobservatory.org.uk
/study/sci/cosmo/internal/steady.htm
• “Steady State Universe.” Wikipedia.
11 March, 2004. Accessed 25 March,
2006.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steady_sta
te_universe