The document summarizes the key aspects of a paper battery. It acknowledges those involved in developing the paper battery, including researchers from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and Stanford University. The summary describes how a paper battery combines carbon nanotubes with conventional paper to create a flexible, thin energy storage device that functions as both a battery and capacitor. It provides basic information on battery chemistry and outlines the construction of the paper battery, which sandwiches electrolytes between carbon nanotube coated films and paper. Potential applications and advantages of paper batteries over conventional batteries are also mentioned, along with current disadvantages and challenges to commercial viability.

1. PAPER
BATTERY

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
On behalf of the member of EE-1 group, I would like to
express special thanks of gratitude to our respected teacher
Prof. Moushree Chowdhury, who gave us the golden
opportunity to put forward this wonderful presentation on the
paper battery.
This also helped me to give individual presentation in a
company, and, we came across so many new knowledge and
ideas. We are truly thankful to her.
The journey of preparing this presentation was really
knowledgeable, we would also like to thank our parents , who
heartily helped us in finalizing this presentation within the
given time period.

3. The creation of the Paper Battery drew from a diverse pool of
disciplines, requiring expertise in materials science, energy storage and
chemistry.
In August 2007, a research team at RENSSELEAR POLYTECHNIC
INSTITUTE led by Drs. Robert
Linhardt, John H.Broadbent, Pulickel M.Ajayan, Omkaram
Nalamasu with a joint appointment in Material science and
engineering developed the Paper Battery, also known as Nano
Composite Paper.
In December 2009 Yi Cui and his team at STANFORD UNIVERSITY
successfully made an actual prototype that gave a terminal voltage of 1.5V
INTRODUCTION

4.  A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin
energy storage and production device
formed by combining carbon
nanotube with a conventional sheet of
cellulose-based paper.
 A paper battery acts as both a high-
energy battery and capacitor.
PAPER BATTERY

6. BASIC BATTERY CHEMISTRY

7.  Rechargeable battery using nickel oxide
hydroxide and
metallic Cadmium as electrodes.
 Used in UPS, portable power tools, photography
equipment, flashlights, emergency lighting, and
portable electronic devices.
 Disadvantages include Memory effect,
Environmental hazards, cost.
 Constructed using graphite rod, Lithium
cobalt oxide(or Lithium manganese oxide)
as electrodes and lithium
hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) as electrolyte.
 Used in laptops, mobiles, other
consumer electronics.
 However it is expensive, delicate, has
high internal resistance and safety
concerns.But only slow charge loss
when this battery is not use.

8. CNT(CARBON NANO TUBE) thin films were coated onto stainless steel (SS)
substrates with a solution based process.
The concentration of CNT is 1.7 mg/mL.
A dried film with a thickness of 2 micrometer was formed after drying the CNT ink on
the SS substrate at 80 °C for 5 min.This film is then peeled off from substrate.
These films act as electrodes of paper battery.
one film is pasted to electrolyte LTO (Li4Ti5O12) and the other film is pasted to
electrolyte LCO (LiCoO2).
Paper is sandwiched between two electrolytes LTO and LCO with PVDF(poly vinylidene
fluoride) acting as glue.
CONSTRUCTION OF PAPER BATTERY

10. STRUCTURE OF PAPER BATTERY

11. WORKING
 While a conventional battery contains a number of separate components ,the paper
battery integrates all of the components in a single structure ,making it more energy
efficient.
 Traditional batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction between electrolyte
and mental.
 Paper battery produces electrons due to the interaction of electrolytes LTO & LCO.
 Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery and flow along a connected wire
to the positive terminal during discharging.
 Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive terminal for the chemical reaction
to continue.

12. APPLICATION

13. DISADVANTAGES BASIC BATTERY
 Lower specific power compared to fuels
 Weight and size
 High charging time
 Environmental hazards
 Explosion, corrosion, leakage
 High cost
 Terminal voltage constraints

14.  Ultra-thin size & flexible structure.
 Exhibits property of super-capacitor
 Operating temperature(-75 to 100 degree Celsius)
 provide both long-term, steady power production and bursts of energy.
 Cost-effective.
 It also store future power.
WHY WE USE PAPER BATTERY?

15. DISADVANTAGES OF PAPER BATTERY
 Presently, the devices are only a few inches across and they have to be scaled up to
sheets of newspaper size to make it commercially viable.
 Carbon nanotubes are expensive.
 The idea is still in the labs and a commercially viable paper battery will take at least
40-60 years to become a reality.
 Researches in nanotechnology to mass produce nanotubes is promising.

16. Presented by

17. ANY QUESTION?