This document discusses materials and technologies for making perovskite-based solar cells. It provides background on perovskite materials and describes their cubic crystal structure as well as commonly used organic-inorganic perovskite compositions. It also outlines the general architecture of perovskite solar cells and describes four key fabrication technologies: one-step precursor deposition, sequential deposition method, dual-source vapor deposition, and vapor-assisted solution process. In conclusion, it notes advantages such as ease of fabrication and strong solar absorption but also challenges such as toxicity issues and degradation that must be addressed for commercialization.

1. Materials and Technologies for
Making Perovskite-based Solar Cell
Lin Yuanjing

2. • Background
• Perovskite materials for solar cell
• Perovskite solar cell fabrication technology
• Conclusion

3. Breakthrough of Perovskite Solar Cells
Amorphous Silicon Solar
Cell
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
Organic Photovoltaic
2014：19.3%

4. Classification of Perovskite Materials

5. Description of Organic-Inorganic Perovskite:
ABX3
Cubic perovskite crystal structure
A: organic B:Pb, Sn X: halogen ion(I, Cl, Br)
• Materials:
-CH3NH3PbI3
-CH3NH3PbI3-XClX,
-CH3NH3PbI3-XBrX
• Role of doping (Cl, Br):
- Increase diffusion length and thickness
- Tune the bandgap and absorption
• Challenges:
-Increase the thickness:
recombination of electron and hole
- Decrease the thickness
less absorbtion

6. Architecture of Perovskite Solar Cells
General perovskite solar cell structure Vacuum energy level

7. • Hole Transfer Layer: Spiro-MeOTAD, PEDOT: PSS
• Absorber Layer: Perovskite materials
• Electron Transfer Layer: Al2O3, ZrO2, TiO2, ZnO, PCBM
• Transparent Conducting Oxides Layer: ITO, FTO
• Electrode: Ag, Au, Al
FTO
TiO2+Perovskite
HTL
Au
Glass

8. Fabrication Technology
• Solution Processes (Planar and mesostructured layer ) :
One-Step Precursor Deposition (OSPD)--simplicity
Sequential Deposition Method (SDM)--better control of perovskite morphology
• Evaporation Processes (Planar):
Dual-Source Vapor Deposition (DSVD)-- extremely uniform film
Vapor-Assisted Solution Process (VASP)-- high-quality perovskite film
(a) One-Step Precursor Deposition (OSPD). (b) Sequential Deposition Method (SDM).
(c) Dual-Source Vapor Deposition (DSVD (d) Vapor-Assisted Solution Process (VASP)

9. Conclusion
• Ease of fabrication
• Strong solar absorption
• Low non-radiative carrier recombination rates
• Compatible with other solar cells
• Toxicity issues--fabrication, deployment, disposal
• Degradation--moisture, ultraviolet radiation
Advantages
Commercial Challenge

10. Thank You !