A computer network connects two or more computers to allow sharing of resources, files, and communication. It requires cables or wireless connections between devices, a router to manage traffic, and may include additional components like switches, firewalls, and wireless access points. Computer networks can be configured as peer-to-peer or client-server and use various topologies to connect devices. Common network types include LAN, MAN, WAN and PAN, and protocols like TCP and IP allow communication over the network. Networks are used for applications such as file sharing, printing, email, gaming, business, education, and entertainment.

1. COMPUTER NETWORK

2. CONTENTS:
 Network
 Networks Around Us
 Essentials For Network
 Need Of Computer Network
 Topologies Used For Network
 Network Configuration
 Network Media And Components
 Types Of Network
 ISO/OSI Reference Model
 Network Protocol
 TCP Protocols And Services
 Application Of Computer Networks

3. NETWORK

4. A Network Consists Of Two Or More Computers
That Are Linked In Order To Share Resources,
Exchange Files, Or Allow Electronic
Communications.
General Architecture of
network
Typical network

5. NETWORKS AROUND US:
Social Networks
Markets
T.V. Networks.

7. ESSENTIALS FOR NETWORK
 Text Input Information
 Input Data Digital Bit Stream
 Transmitted Analog Signal
 Received Analog Signal
 Text Output Information

8. NEED OF COMPUTER NETWORK
1. File sharing
Networking of computers helps
the network users to share data files.

9. 2. Hardware sharing
Users can share devices such as printers,
scanners, CD-ROM drives, hard drives etc .
Without computer networks, device sharing
is not possible.

10. 3. Application sharing
Applications can be shared over the network, and
this allows to implement client/server applications

11. 4. User communication
Networks allow users to communicate
using e-mail, newsgroups, and video
conferencing etc.
5.Network gaming
A lot of network games are available,
which allow multi-users to play from
different locations.

12. TOPOLOGIES
Bus Topology Ring Topology

13. Star Topology
Mesh
Topology

14.  One to one
 Hierarchical
 Hybrid
 Client server
 Multiple nodes
Star Bus
Topology
Other Topology

15. NETWORK CONFIGURATION
 Classification based on how computers
behave in a network.
 Two classifications are:
Peer to peer network
Server based network

16. NETWORK MEDIA AND COMPONENTS
 Coaxial Cables
 Twisted Pairs
Cables
 Optical Fibers
 Wireless
Transmission
 Wireless Lan
 Hubs
 Gateways
 Routers
 Bridges
 Switches
Media Components

17. TYPES OF NETWORK
Local Area
Network
Metropolita
n Area
Network
Wide Area
Network
Internet
Personal
area
network

18. LOCAL AREA NETWORK
A local area network (LAN) is a group of
computers and associated devices that
share a common communications line or
wireless link.

19. METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN)
MAN network covers larger area by
connections LANs to a larger network of
computers.

20. WIDE AREA NETWORK
A computer network that spans a relatively
large geographical area. Typically,
a WAN consists of two or more local-
area networks (LANs).

21. PERSONAL AREA NETWORK
Pan Networks Usually Wireless, Established In An
On-demand Fashion When Needed To
Communicate Between Two Or More Devices .

23. NETWORK PROTOCOLS
 Transmission Control Protocol
 User Datagram Protocol
 Internet Control Message Protocol
 Hypertext Transfer Protocol
 Postoffice Protocol
 File Transfer Protocol
 Internet Message Access Protocol

24. TCP PROTOCOLS & SERVICES

25. Things we need to create a computer network
CABLES AND CONNECTORS
These link together the computers,
printers, servers and other equipment on
your network.
ROUTER
This manages network traffic, ensuring
devices can communicate with each other
via both wired and wireless connections,
and provides internet connectivity.

26. wireless access point (optional)
This will extend your wireless network if
the router is incapable of offering
coverage in certain parts of the building.
Internet Connection
This could be a faster fiber connection
or dedicated leased line.
A Hardware Firewall
This creates a secure barrier between
your network and the internet, blocking
security threats.

27. NETWORK STORAGE SYSTEM
A storage system maintains copies of digital data
across high-speed local area network (LAN)
connection.
It is designed to backup files, databases and
other data to a central location that can easily be
accessed.

28. NETWORK ACCESSED STORAGE
It is file-level computer data storage connected
to a computer network providing data access to
heterogeneous clients. NAS not only operates as
a file server but specialized for the task either by
its hardware , software or configuration of those
elements.

29. STORAGE AREA NETWORK (SAN)
SAN is created by using the fiber channel to link
peripheral devices such as disk storage and tape
libraries.

30. APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER NETWORKS:
 Email services
 Educational services
 Entertainment
 E-commerce
 Railways system
Bluetooth

31. REAL TIME APPLICATION: