2. Research is a process of systematic
inquiry that entails collection of data;
documentation of critical information;
and analysis and interpretation of that
data/information, in accordance with
suitable methodologies set by specific
professional fields and academic
disciplines.
Research is conducted to evaluate the
validity of a hypothesis or an interpretive
framework; to assemble a body of
substantive knowledge and findings for
sharing them in appropriate manners; and
to generate questions for further
inquiries.
3. Classification of research
Research Methods vs. Methodology
Descriptive vs. Analytical
Conceptual vs. Empirical
Applied vs. Fundamental
Quantitative vs. Qualitative
4.
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9. Quantitative research is defined as a systematic
investigation of phenomena by gathering quantifiable data
and performing statistical, mathematical, or computational
techniques. Quantitative research collects information
from existing and potential customers using sampling
methods and sending out online surveys, online
polls, questionnaires, etc., the results of which can be
depicted in the form of numerical.
10. Qualitative research is a scientific
method of observation to gather non-numerical data, while
focusing on meaning-making. This often occurs through
"case study, personal experience, introspection, life story,
interview, artifacts, and cultural texts and productions,
along with observational, historical, interactional, and
visual texts.“
11. QUANTITATIVE
RESEARCH
Its purpose is to explain
social life
Is nomothetic – interested
in establishing law-like
statements, causes,
consequences, etc
Aims at theory testing
Employs an objective
approach
Its purpose is to
understand social life
Is ideographic –
describes reality as it is
Aims at theory building
Employs a subjective
approach
12. Is etiological – interested
in explanations over
space and time
Is a closed approach – is
strictly planned
Research process is
predetermined
Uses a rigid and static
approach
Qualitative
research
Is historical – interested
in real cases
Is open and flexible in all
aspects
Research process is
influenced by the
respondent
Uses a dynamic approach
13. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Employs an inflexible
process
Is particularistic,
studies elements,
variables
Employs random
sampling
Employs a flexible
process
Is holistic – studies
whole units
Employs theoretical
sampling
14. Places priority on
studying differences
Employs a reductive
data analysis
Employs high levels
of measurement
Employs a deductive
approach
Places priority on
studying similarities
Employs an
explicative data
analysis
Employs low levels
of measurement
Employs an
inductive approach
Qualitative research