3. Why I have chosen this TOPIC?
up-to-date problem
everybody has an opinion
connected with globalization
4. Introduction
Global warming refers to the rising average temperature
of Earth's atmosphere and oceans and its projected
continuation. In the last 100 years, Earth's average surface
temperature increased by about 0.8 C (1.4 F) with about
two thirds of the increase occurring over just the last three
decades. Warming of the climate system is unequivocal,
and scientists are more than 90% certain most of it is
caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases
produced by human activities such as deforestation and
burning fossil fuels. These findings are recognized by the
national science academies of all the major industrialized
countries
5. Globalization and Global Warming
The cause of global warming is human activity.
Examples:
Fossil fuel combustion associated with industrial
development.
The burning of forests.
Biomass combustion - the burning
of wood, coal, and dung
for cooking and heat.
6. Globalization and Global Warming
The inability to solve global warming, is emblematic of the
failures of globalization.
However, it is also an opportunity to use the forces of
globalization for the good of the planet's health.
7. Factors leading to Global
Warming
The most important factors in halting climate
change is reducing levels of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere.
The global average temperature has risen by 0.6
ºC in the last 100 years.
The cost of dealing with the effects of climate
change is almost $300 billion every year.
9. Past EARTH temperatures
Graph based on data from the Climatic Research Unit of the University of East Anglia.
10. Past EARTH temperatures
Graph based on data reported by Moberg, et.al., in Nature, V. 433, 10 February 2005.
11. Past EARTH temperatures
Global temperature variation for the past 425,000 years. The present is at the right. The horizontal 0 line represents the
1961–1990 average global temperature. The numbers on the left show the variation from that baseline in C.
Image based on data from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration.
12. The Greenhouse Effect
The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature that
the Earth experiences because certain gases in the
atmosphere trap energy from the sun.
Without these gases, heat would escape back into
space and Earth’s average temperature would be
about 60ºF colder.
Because of how they warm our world, these gases are
referred to as greenhouse gases.
14. Who Is Responsible?
The countries that emit most carbon dioxide contribute
most to climate change.
The world's biggest polluter is the United States. It
produces 20.4 tons of carbon dioxide per person, annually.
The UK release 9.5 tons per person, annually.
In China, carbon dioxide emissions are only 1.9 tons per
person, annually.
15. What Can Be Done?
In May 1997 Consumer Alert formed a subgroup of the
National Consumer Coalition on climate change policy, the
"Cooler Heads" Coalition, to address the consumer impact of
climate change policies.
A total of 178 countries (including 39 industrialized nations)
signed up to the Kyoto Protocol in 2001.
United States, the world's largest emitter, has not come on
board.
Reducing reliance on fuel will help to slow down the effects
and will help to adapt better to changes in the future.
16. Possible Implications Of
Environmental Policies
1. According to a report by the
Department of Energy, stringent
targets to reduce fossil-fuel
emissions in the US will cause
energy-intensive industries,
including steel, iron, chemical,
rubber and plastic, to flee from
the developed countries to
undeveloped countries, taking
with them hundreds of
thousands of jobs.
17. Possible Implications Of
Environmental Policies
2. Carbon taxes will cause relatively large income losses
in the poorest one-fifth of the population. The poor,
because they spend a greater proportion of their
income on necessities, would have few ways to cut
back to compensate for higher living costs.
18. Possible Implications Of
Environmental Policies
3. Stabilizing emissions at 1990 levels by 2010 would
reduce the growth of US per capita income by 5% per
year.
4. Senior citizens on fixed incomes would find their
energy costs escalating and their income dwindling.
19. Will The Policies Actually Stop
Global Warming?
By all estimates, only severe reductions in global CO2
emissions -- on the order of 60 percent or more -- will
alter the forecasts.
The resulting economic dislocations would be
tremendous, potentially outweighing the negative
impacts of even the most apocalyptic warming
scenario.
If the policies do not include developing nations the
result will likely be a reallocation of emissions to
developing nations, not a reduction of emissions.
