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1. WHAT IS A TEST?
•IN EDUCATIONAL OR ACADEMIC FIELD, A TEST MEANS A FORMAL
AND SYSTEMATIC INSTRUMENT, USUALLY PAPER AND PENCIL
PROCEDURE DESIGNED TO ASSESS THE QUALITY, ABILITY, SKILLS OR
KNOWLEDGE OF THE STUDENTS BY GIVING A SET OF QUESTIONS
UNIFORM MANNER.

2. 3 STEPS IN MAKING A TEST
•1. GOING LEARNING OBJECTIVES
•2.CONTRUCT TABLE OF SPECIFICATION (TOS)
•3. CRITERIA OF A GOOD TEST

4. CRITERIA OF A GOOD TEST
•VALIDITY
•RELIABILITY
•ADMINISTRABILITY
•SCORABILITY
•ECONOMY
•AUTHENTICITY

5. VALIDITY
•IS THE DEGREE TO WHICH THE TEST MEASURES WHAT IS
INTENDED TO MEASURE. IT IS THE USEFULNESS OF A TEST FOR A
GIVEN PURPOSE. IT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT CRITERION OF A
GOOD EXAM.

6. DIFFERENT TYPES OF VALIDITY
•FACE VALIDITY
•CONTENT VALIDITY
•CRITERION VALIDITY
•CONSTRUCT VALIDITY

7. 1. FACE VALIDITY
CONSIDERS HOW SUITABLE THE CONTENT OF A TEST
SEEMS TO BE ON THE SURFACE.
IT IS A MORE INFORMAL AND SUBJECTIVE
ASSESSMENT.

8. 2. CONTENT VALIDITY
REFERS TO A MEASUREMENT DEVICE’S ABILITY TO BE
GENERALIZED TO THE ENTIRE CONTENT OF WHAT IS
BEING MEASURED.

9. 3. CRITERION VALIDITY
IT MEASURES HOW WELL ONE MEASURE
PREDICTS AN OUTCOME FOR ANOTHER
MEASURE.

10. 2 TYPES OF CRITERION
• PREDICTIVE- TEST IS CONSTRUCTED TO PREDICT THE PERFORMANCE OF THE STUDENT
• CONCURENT-A TEST IS CONSTRUCTED LONG TIME AGO AND WAS USED TODAY OR CURRENTLY USED.

11. 4. CONSTRUCT VALIDITY
IT REFERS TO THE DEGREE TO WHICH A TEST OR
OTHER MEASURE ASSESS THE UNDERLYING
THEORETICAL CONSTRUCT IT IS SUPPOSED TO
MEASURE.

12. TYPES OF CONSTRUCT
• DIVERGENT- TESTS THAT CONSTRUCTS THAT SHOULD HAVE NO RELATIONSHIP DO, IN FACT, NOT HAVE ANY
RELATIONSHIP
• CONVERGENT-REFERS TO HOW CLOSELY THE NEW SCALE IS RELATED TO OTHER VARIABLES AND OTHER
MEASURES OF THE SAME CONSTRUCT.

13. RELIABILITY
•IT REFERS TO THE CONSISTENCY OF THE SCORES
OBTAINED BY THE SAME PERSON WHEN RETESTED
USING THE SAME INSTRUMENT OR ONE THAT IS
PARALLEL TO IT.

14. FACTORS AFFECTING RELIABILITY
1. POOR MOTIVATION
2.ILLNESS OR PERSONAL PROBLEM
3.CONDITION IN ADMINISTERING THE TEST.

15. METHODS OF RELIABILITY
•SPLIT-HALF METHOD- IT IS A STATISTICAL
METHOD USED TO MEASURE THE
CONSISTENCY OF THE TEST SCORES OF A TEST.

16. STUDENT ODD EVEN
1. ANA 35 38
2. JUAN 26 35
3. PEDRO 33 37

17. METHODS OF RELIABILITY
•TEST-PRETEST METHOD- MEASURES THE
CONSISTENSY OF RESULTS WHEN YOU REPEAT
THE SAME TEST ON THE SAME SAMPLE AT A
DIFFERENT POINT IN TIME

18. STUDENT TEST RETEST
1. ANA 35 38
2. JUAN 26 35
3. PEDRO 33 37

19. METHODS OF RELIABILITY
•PARALLEL METHOD- USES ONE SET OF
QUESTIONS DIVIDED INTO 2 EQUIVALENT SETS,
WHERE BOTH SETS CONTAIN QUESTIONS THAT
MEASURE THE SAME CONSTRUCT, KNOWLEDGE
AND SKILL.

20. STUDENT OLD NEW CONSTRUCTED
TEST
1, ANA 35 38
2. JUAN 26 35
3. PEDRO 33 37

21. ADMINISTRABILITY
•THE TEST SHOULD BE ADMINISTERED WITH EASE,
CLARITY AND UNIFORMITY SO THAT THE SORES OBTAINED
ARE COMPARABLE.

22. SCORABILITY
•THE TEST SHOULD BE EASY TO SCORE SUCH THAT
DIRECTIONS FOR SCORING ARE CLEAR, THE SCORING KEY
IS SIMPLE; PROVISIONS FOR ANSWER SHEETS ARE MADE.

23. ECONOMY
•THE TEST SHOULD BE GIVEN IN A CHEAPEST WAY WHICH
MEANS THAT ANSWER SHEETS MUST BE PROVIDED SO
THE TEST CAN BE GIVEN FROM TIME TO TIME.

24. AUTHENTICITY
•THE TEST SHOULD SIMULATE REAL-LIFE SITUATIONS.