This is a set of slides which tells you about Graphene's properties, application and exfoliation processes in very simple manner.

1. GRAPHEN
E“The future in a trace of a pencil.”
MD ZEESHAN

2. INTRODUCTION
• GRAPHENE CAN BE DESCRIBED AS A ONE-ATOM
THICK LAYER OF GRAPHITE.
• IT IS THE BASIC STRUCTURAL ELEMENT OF OTHER
ALLOTROPES, INCLUDING GRAPHITE, CHARCOAL,
CARBON NANOTUBES AND FULLERENES.
• GRAPHENE IS THE STRONGEST, THINNEST
MATERIAL KNOWN TO EXIST.

3. • GRAPHENE IS A 2D CRYSTAL OF
CARBONS ATOM, ARRANGED IN A
HONEYCOMB LATTICE.
• THE CORBON-CARBON BOND IS
COVALENT.

4. HISTORY
• One of the first patents pertaining to the production of
graphene was filed in October, 2002 entitled ,”Nano-
scaled Graphene plates”.
• 2 year later, in 2004 Andre Geim & Kostya Novoselov
at Univ. Of Manchester extracted single-atom-thick
graphene from bulk graphite.
• Geim & Novoselov received Nobel prize in Physics for
their pioneering research on Graphene.

5. PROPERTIES OF GRAPHENE
Graphene: the world's first 2D material. Since graphene's
isolation in 2004 it has captured the attention of scientists,
researchers and industry worldwide.
• It is ultra-light yet extremely tough.
• It is 200 times stronger than steel.
• It is incredibly flexible.
• It is the thinnest material possible
• It is transparent.
• It is a superb conductor of electricity as well as heat.
• Can act as a perfect barrier - not even helium can pass
through it.

7. TYPES OF GRAPHENE
• Mono Layered Graphene- Monolayer (single-layer) graphene is
the purest from available and is useful for high-frequency
electronics.
• Few Layered Graphene(FLG)or Multi Layered Graphene(MLG)-
A 2D, sheet-like material, either as a free-standing flake or
substrate-bound coating, consisting of a small number (between
two and about 10) of well-defined, countable, stacked graphene
layers of extended lateral dimension.
• Graphene Oxide(GO)- Graphene oxide is a monolayer material
with a high oxygen content. Thin membranes that allow water to
pass through but block off harmful gases are a major use for GO.

8. • Reduced Graphene Oxide(rGO)- Graphene oxide (as
above) that has been reductively processed by
chemical, thermal, microwave, photo-chemical, photo-
thermal or microbial/bacterial methods to reduce its
oxygen content. Conductive inks are just one potential
use for rGO

9. GRAPHENE’S
APPLICATION

10. ELECTRONICS
• Wearable Technology
• Graphene Transistors
• Graphene Semiconductors
• Heat sinks to cool down electronic
components

12. SENSORS
• Ultra-Fast GRAPHENE photonics
• Corp protection
• Reducing food wastage
• Defence
• Bacteria Detectors

13. Bacteria detection sensor made from
GRAPHENE

14. BIO-MEDICAL
• Drug Delivery Agents
• Enhanced biomaterial capable of
regenerating tissues
• Tissue Engg.
• Graphene Medical Device

15. GRAPHENE based retina prosthesis

16. ENERGY
• Graphene Batteries
• Graphene super-capacitors
• Storing wind and solar power

18. • Graphene based composite material
• Rust free future
• Sport industries
• Weatherproofing and Packaging
• Aircraft industries
• Membranes
COMPOSITE AND COATING

19. PRODUCING GRAPHENE
• CVD PROCESS
• MECH. EXFOLIATION OF GRAPHENE
• LIQUID EXFOLIATION OF GRAPHENE
• ELECLTROCHEMICAL EXFOLIATION

21. CONCLUSIONClean drinking water for millions. Graphene
membranes could see huge progress in water
purification technology in developing countries and
provide more efficient desalination plants.
Electronics and energy storage could also be
revolutionised by graphene. Flexible, durable, semi-
transparent mobile phones. Wearable technology,
clothing that communicates. Electric sports cars.
Lightweight planes. These are the future technologies
which are becoming realistic in our present.