All about urbanisation in Bangladesh and its trends as well as challenges created by this.

1. Welcome

2. Urbanisation in Bangladesh:
Recent Trends and Challenges

3. Key Points
• Introduction
• Objective of the study
• Methodology of the study
• Literature Review
• Findings and Discussion
• Recommendation

4. Introduction
• Historically known as a rural-agrarian country, Bangladesh today is
experiencing rapid transformation towards an urban society.
However, the style and nature of urbanisation in Bangladesh are not
necessarily similar to those in other countries. We are experiencing an
extraordinary mix of urban-rural functions and traits in both
metropolitan cities and rural towns as well as in villages.
• The urban population of Bangladesh was only 6.27 million in 1974 but
grew to over 39 million in 2011.The urbanisation level has jumped
from 8.78 per cent to 27.66 per cent in this period.

5. Objective of the study
• To understand the state of urban-rural population in Bangladesh
• To understand the components of urban growth
• To study the importance of Urbanisation in Economic Development
• To understand the challenges of Urbanisation in Bangladesh

6. Methodology of the study
• This study is based on secondary data and all the information and
data collected from various sources like, newspapers and articles as
well as Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS)

7. Literature Review
• Conventional wisdom in Bangladesh says that investing in urban slums will
attract more rural migrants……….. but eventually changed course.
• Ample evidence shows that people in Bangladesh migrate from rural to urban
areas in search of economic opportunities……….. secondary education
attendance rates and skilled attendance at birth.
• The natural trend towards urbanization cannot simply be halted or reversed.
………. which foresees economic growth that provides an average per capita
income of USD2,000 a year.
• Taking its cue from other countries, Bangladesh should consider this as a
positive trend ………. ever-increasing burden and obstacle to the development.
• Asia and Africa have three-quarters of the world’s 100 fastest-growing large
cities ………. are concentrated in the largest and most successful economies.

8. Absolute increase in urban population
• For the first time in Bangladesh, the absolute increase in population in the
decade 2001-11 is more in the urban areas than that in the rural areas.The
increase of 14.1 million persons to urban population during 2001-2011 is not
only the highest registered thus far it is also higher than the increase of
12.5 million persons to rural population.This can be rightly said to be a
turning point in Bangladesh’s demographical transition. From now on,
population growth in Bangladesh is expected to be largely an urban
phenomenon, and by 2047, 50 per cent of Bangladesh’s population is
estimated to live in urban areas.
2001-11
Urban Population Rural Population
14.1 million 12.5 million

9. Components of Urban Growth
• A persistently high natural increase of native urban population,
• The territorial extension of existing urban areas with conversion of
rural centres to urban,
• Re-definition of urban areas, and
• Rural to urban migration.

10. Spatial Pattern of Urbanisation
District Level of urbanization
Dhaka 93%
Narayanganj 66%
Chittagong 55%
Khulna 50%
Rajshahi, Khagrachari and
Chuadanga
31-50%
Rangamati, Pabna, Barguna, Cox’s
Bazar, Feni, Nawabganj and Sylhet
21-30%
Panchagarh, Manikganj and Less than 10%

11. Importance of Urbanisation in Economic
Development
Urbanisation
Economic
Development

12. Dhaka’s Increasing Primacy
• In 1974, the town with a population of 1.77 million had
over 28.3 per cent of the nation’s total urban population
of 6.27 million. It had been quite 1.99 times larger than
the second largest town, Chittagong. Dhaka enjoys
dominant role within the country not solely in term of its
share of population however conjointly in terms of the
concentration of civil and military administration,
economy, trade and commerce.

13. Increasing Metropolisation
• The metropolitan cities with populations over a
million additionally play vital economic and socio-
political role in Bangladesh. There was just one
metropolitan city, Dhaka, in Bangladesh in 1981;
however in 2011, the amount has increased to four,
with Chittagong, Khulna and Rajshahi, connection
the ranks. These 4 metros account for 63.87 % of the
overall urban population in 2011, up from 35.69 % in
1981.

14. Secondary Cities and SmallTowns
Mega
City
Regional Cities
SmallTowns
MarketTowns

15. Challenges of Urbanisation in Banglades
• The Challenges of the large size of the national and urban population,
• Challenge of spacial imbalance in urbanisation,
• Challenge of enhancing urban economic productivity and providing employment,
• Challenge of providing access to land and housing,
• Challenge of education,
• Challenge of access to health services,
• Challenge of providing transportation services;
• Challenges of environmental management: degradation and pollution, climate change
and natural hazards,
• Challenge of crime and violence,
• Challenge political social and cultural conflicts,
• Challenge of urban resource mobilization,
• Challenge of institutionalizing urban vision, policymaking, urban planning and planned
urban development, and finally
• Challenge of governance.

16. Recommendation
• Ensure regionally balanced urbanisation through suburbanised development
• Facilitate economic development, employment generation in rural area
• Protect, preserve and enhance the urban setting, notably water bodies
• Facilitate in the creation of sufficient livelihood and economic opportunities in
the rural areas
• Train and develop skills of people to fully exploit the resources and
opportunities in the rural areas
• Facilitate in provision of basic facilities like health and education in rural areas
• Assure smart governance by enhancing transparency and establishing
responsibility in rural area