Definition of heart The heart is a roughly cone-shape hollow muscular organ situated in the middle mediastinum of the thoracic cavity that's pumps blood to the body. Definition of heart disease A type of disease that affects the heart or blood vessels. The risk of certain heart diseases may be increased by smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, unhealthy diet, lack of exercise, and obesity. In pregnancy: Maternal heart disease includes heart defects that are present at birth and acquired heart disease later in life. These can range from simple to complex. Examples include: A hole in the wall between the two sides of the heart. A heart valve that is too narrow or one that doesn't open or close properly. Signs: Chest pain, chest tightness, chest pressure and chest discomfort (angina) Shortness of breath. Pain, numbness, weakness or coldness in your legs or arms if the blood vessels in those parts of your body are narrowed. Pain in the neck, jaw, throat, upper abdomen or back. It is a presentation on Heart Disease in Pregnancy 2023

1. HEART DISEASE IN PREGNANCY
A PRESENTATION
ON
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2. Too much cholesterol in your blood, however, puts
you at increased risk of heart disease. High levels of
cholesterol and other fatty substances can cause
Atherosclerosis, a disease in which fatty plaques
build up on blood vessel walls, restrict blood flow to
the heart and can ultimately cause a heart attack.
Introduction
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3. Definition of heart
The heart is a roughly cone-shape hollow muscular organ
situated in the middle mediastinum of the thoracic cavity that's
pumps blood to the body.
Definition of heart disease
A type of disease that affects the heart or blood vessels. The
risk of certain heart diseases may be increased by smoking,
high blood pressure, high cholesterol, unhealthy diet, lack of
exercise, and obesity.
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4. Heart disease in pregnancy
Maternal heart disease includes heart defects that are
present at birth and acquired heart disease later in life.
These can range from simple to complex. Examples
include: A hole in the wall between the two sides of
the heart. A heart valve that is too narrow or one that
doesn't open or close properly.
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5. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
 Chest pain, chest tightness, chest pressure and
chest discomfort (angina)
 Shortness of breath.
 Pain, numbness, weakness or coldness in your
legs or arms if the blood vessels in those parts
of your body are narrowed.
 Pain in the neck, jaw, throat, upper abdomen or
back.
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6. CAUSES
 Diabetes
 Overweight and obesity
 Unhealthy diet
 Physical inactivity
 Excessive alcohol use
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7. RISK FACTORS
 drug use,
 alcohol abuse,
 hypertension,
 diabetes mellitus,
 pre-existing heart disease,
 myocarditis,
 and familial heart disease of pregnancy.
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8. INVESTIGATION
 Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG).
 Echocardiogram.
 Cardiac catheterization.
 Cardiac computerized tomography (CT) scan.
 Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
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9. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
 In general, treatment for heart disease usually
includes: Lifestyle changes. You can lower your risk
of heart disease by eating a low-fat and low-sodium
diet, getting at least 30 minutes of moderate
exercise on most days of the week, quitting
smoking, and limiting alcohol intake.
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10. GENERAL MANAGEMENT
More frequent antenatal visits
More rest
Diet is directed to restrict weight gain and prevent anaemia as it increases cardiac
strain.
Infection should be avoided and properly treated.
Hospitalisation: If signs of decompensation occur, the earliest evidence is
tachycardia exceeding 100 beats/minute and crepitations at the lung bases, Rest in
a hospital is desirable in the last 2 weeks of pregnancy
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11. COMPLICATIONS OF HEART DISEASE
A) Fetal complications
1) Preterm labour
2)Prematurity
3) IUGR
4) IUDB
B) Maternal complications:
1)Abortion
2)CVS: - cardiac failure -pulmonary edema - active rheumatic carditis
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12. CONCLUSION
As newer and better treatment modalities for the management of cardiac
diseases emerge, the number of cardiac disease patients becoming pregnant
also continues to increase.
Pregnancy may predispose cardiac disease patients to many complications,
some of which may be life threatening.
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