AIDS Stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. In Bangladesh the First case of HIV was detected in 1989. According to the recent UNAIDS report 2017, around 12,000 people are living with HIV infection of them 7,500 are male and aged 15 or above. Incubation period is 6 months to 5 years or more. HIV: HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. It harms immune system by destroying a type of white blood cell that help our body fight infection. AIDS: AIDS stands for Acquired Immuno deficiency syndrome. It is final stage of infection with HIV. It happens when the body’s immuno system is badly damaged because of the virus. HIV in Pregnancy: HIV in pregnancy is the presence of an HIV\AIDS infection in a woman while she is pregnant. Causes: HIV Virus. Sexual transmission. Blood transfusion. Risk factors: Sexually transmitted diseases (STD). People who inject drug with shared needles. Multiple partners. Blood transfusion. low status women. It is a presentation on HIV\AIDS in Pregnancy 2023

1. TOPIC
HIVAIDS IN PREGNANCY
Group Name: A(6)

2. Content :
• Introduction.
• Definition.
• Cause.
• Risk factors.
• Mode of transmission.
• Sign & symptoms.
• Stage of HIV.
• Effect of HIV in pregnancy .
• Effect of HIV in foetus .
• HIV related specific gynecological problem .
• Investigation .
• Treatment and nursing management .
• Prevention .
• Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
• AIDS Stands for Acquired Immuno Deficiency
Syndrome.
• In Bangladesh the First case of HIV was detected in
1989. According to the recent UNAIDS report 2017,
around 12,000 people are living with HIV infection of
them 7,500 are male and aged 15 or above.
• Incubation period is 6 months to 5 years or more.

4. DEFINITION:
• HIV: HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. It
harms immune system by destroying a type of white blood
cell that help our body fight infection.
• AIDS: AIDS stands for Acquired Immuno deficiency
syndrome. It is final stage of infection with HIV. It happens
when the body’s immuno system is badly damaged
because of the virus.
• HIV in Pregnancy: HIV in pregnancy is the presence of an
HIVAIDS infection in a woman while she is pregnant.

5. CAUSES
 HIV Virus.
 Sexual transmission.
 Blood transfusion.

6. RISK FACTORS
• Sexually transmitted diseases (STD).
• People who inject drug with shared needles.
• Multiple partners.
• Blood transfusion.
• low status women.

7. MODE OF TRANSMISSION
• Sexual intercourse(anal and vaginal)
• Intravenous drug users.
• Transmission of contaminated blood or blood products.
• Use of contaminated needles. Needle stick
• Perinatal
• Trans placental during labor delivery and breast feeding.
• HIV is not transmitted by casual contract surface contract or
from insect bites.

8. SING & SYMPTOMS
1. Active infection syndrome in characterized by:
• Fever
• Skin rash
• Diarrhea
• Fatigue
• Muscle aches
• Mouth ulcers or sore throat
2. AIDS related complex:
• Weight loss.
• Oral candidiasis.
• Oral ulcers.
• Genital ulcers.
• PID.
• Thrombocytopenia.

9. STAGES OF HIV
• Stage 1: Acute HIV infection
• Stage 2: Chronic HIV infection
• Stage 3: AIDS

10. EFFECT OF HIV IN PREGNANCY
• Increased risk of spontaneous abortions.
• Double the rate of preterm deliveries.
• Increased risk of having LBW infant.
• Increased risk of bacterial pneumonia.
• Urinary tract and other postnatal infection.
• Increased risk of stillbirths.

11. EFFECTS OF HIV IN FOETUS
• HIV readily crosses the placental barrier . Foetal infection may occur
by transplacental transmission , by contact with infected secretions
and through breast feeding . The adverse effects are the followings :
1 ) Intrauterine fetal infection .
2 ) Repeated abortions .
3 ) Prematurity .
4 ) Intrauterine growth retardation .
5 ) Stillborn .
6 ) Congenital deformities .
7 ) AIDS .

12. HIV RELATED SPECIFIC
GYNECOLOGICAL PROBLEM
• Recurrent vaginal candidiasis.
• Pelvic inflammatory disease 3.Increase incidence of CIN.
• Increase incidence of Ca-cervix.
• Increase incidence of VIN.
• increased risk of wound infection.
• Increase incidence of chest infection.
• Menorrhagia.
• Amenorrhea.

13. INVESTIGATION
• Elisa test
• western blot test
• Another test is polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
for DNA/Viral RNA.

14. TREATMENTS & NURSING
MANAGEMENT
• There is no cure for HIV infection, but it can be treated
with medicines. This is called antiretroviral therapy
(ART).
• Living a healthy lifestyle
• Getting regular medical care can help to enjoy a better
quality of life.

15. PREVENTION
• Getting tested for HIV.
• Testing & counselling for STDs.
• Choosing less risky sexual behaviors & use condom.
• Use of antiretroviral drugs for prevention of HIV.
• Not injecting drugs by shared needles.
• Pre-exposure prophylaxis is for people don't already have HIV but are at
very high risk of getting it.
• Post-exposure prophylaxis is for people who have possibly been exposed to
HIV. Post-exposure prophylaxis must be started within 72 hours after a
possible exposure to HIV.

16. CONCLUSION
• HIV/ AIDS is a world epidemic. Although making new advance
in combating this virus, there are many new infections every
year.
• All should know what how it spreads and how to prevent it.
• Should take a HIV/AIDS test if involved in any risky behaviors.
• And also should tell others the importance of getting tested and
prevention
• There is no cure for this virus, so there is no room for ignorance
on this matter.