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Martensson
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Matter can be classified into two groups:
A. Pure substances
- Those that have fixed composition.
1. elements – Pure substances that contain only one type of atom.
Crystals, in general, are pure substances. Tin, sulfur, and diamond are
examples of pure substances that are chemical elements. All elements are
pure substances.
2. compounds – are pure substances that contains two or ore
elements that are chemically united. Examples of which are sugar
(sucrose - C12H22O11), table salt (sodium chloride - NaCl), water (H2O),
carbon dioxide (CO2), sodium bicarbonate (baking soda - NaHCO3) and
more.
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Martensson
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B. Mixtures
1. Homogeneous mixtures –
those that exist in only one phase all
throughout and termed as solution.
2. Heterogeneous mixtures -
mixture of two or more phases.
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Martensson
• Physical property – include those that do not change the composition
of matter.
• Chemical property – a property that accompanied by changes in the
composition of matter.
• Intensive property – those that are inherent on the matter such as
density, color, boiling point, and melting point.
• Extensive property – those that are dependent on the amount of
matter. Examples are volume and length.
Properties of Matter
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8. Jens
Martensson
• Solid - molecules are tightly packed in a fixed crystal pattern thus their
volume and shape remain fixed.
• Liquid – molecules move past each other thus assumes thee shape of the
container. However, the volume still remains fixed.
• Gas – molecules have greater movement due to large distances between
gas molecules. The shape and the volume are not fixed.
• Plasma – is he fourth state of matter which consists of ionized gas,
making it electrically conductive and responsive to strong electromagnetic
field.
State of Matter
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Martensson
• Condensation is a phase change from gas to liquid.
• Deposition is a phase change when gas directly transforms to the
solid state. This is the reverse of sublimation.
• Freezing is a phase change from liquid to solid.
• Melting or fusion is a phase change from solid to liquid.
• Sublimation is a phase change from solid to gas without passing the
liquid state.
• Vaporization is a phase change from liquid to gas.
Transformation of Matter
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