The document provides information on direct and indirect speech. It discusses how verbs, pronouns, time/place expressions change between the two styles. Direct speech uses quotation marks and keeps verbs/pronouns the same. Indirect speech does not use quotation marks and changes verbs/pronouns to reflect when the speech occurred. It also discusses how questions, orders, requests and suggestions are structured in indirect speech by using reporting verbs like "asked," "told," "suggested," etc. The document is a helpful guide for understanding the differences between direct and indirect reported speech.

1. Reported speech
/
Indirect speech

2. Direct speech Indirect speech
Contamos lo que
Contamos lo que alguien ha dicho
alguien ha dicho pero no repetimos
sin hacer ningún exactamente sus
cambio en sus palabras.
palabras. Las comillas
desaparecen.

3. Direct speech Indirect speech
 El reporting verb  El tiempo verbal
está en no cambia.
presente.
 El reporting verb  El tiempo verbal
está en pasado. da un salto al
pasado.

4. Direct speech Indirect speech
George says: “I George says that
want to eat.” he wants to eat.

5. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I hate horor Sergio says that
films.” says he hates horror
Sergio. films.

6. Direct speech Indirect speech
Statements
Subject + reporting verb + (that)
+ subject + verb…

7. Direct speech Indirect speech
 Detrás del
Contamos lo que “sujeto + said”
alguien ha dicho ponemos la
sin hacer ningún conjunción that.
cambio en sus  El verbo da un
palabras. salto atrás hacia
el pasado.

8. Direct speech Indirect speech
 Detrás del
“sujeto + tell +
Contamos lo que C. directo”
alguien ha dicho ponemos la
sin hacer ningún conjunción that.
cambio en sus
palabras.
 El verbo da un
salto atrás hacia
el pasado.

9. Direct speech Indirect speech
 Los pronombres
Contamos lo que personales cambian.
alguien ha dicho  Los adjetivos
sin hacer ningún
posesivos cambian.
cambio en sus
palabras.
 Los pronombres
posesivos cambian.

10. Direct speech Indirect speech
 Los demostrativos
Contamos lo que cambian.
alguien ha dicho  Las expresiones de
sin hacer ningún tiempo cambian.
cambio en sus  Las expresiones de
palabras. lugar cambian.

11. Direct speech Indirect speech
 Past simple.
 Present simple.
 Present continuous.
 Past continuous.
 Have.  Had.
 Will.  Would.
 Can.  Could.
 Must.  Had to.
 May.  Might.

12. Direct speech Indirect speech
 Past simple.  Past perfect simple.
 Present perfect  Past perfect simple.
simple.
 Past perfect simple.  Past perfect simple.
 Past perfect  Past perfect
continuous. continuous.

13. Direct speech Indirect speech
 Now.  Then.
 Today.  That day.
 Tomorrow.  The next / following day.
 This.  That.
 These.  Those.
 Here.  There.
 I.  He / She.
 My.  His / Her.

14. Direct speech Indirect speech
 Yesterday.  The day before.
 The day before yesterday.  Two days before.
The day after tomorrow.
Two days later.


 Next week.  The following week / the week
after.
 Last month.  The previous month / the month
before.
 Ten years ago.  Ten years before.

15. Direct speech Indirect speech
George said that
George said: “I
he wanted to
want to eat.”
eat.

16. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I want to be
Alex said that
famous,” said
she wanted to
Alex to her
be famous.
friends.

17. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I want to be Alex told her
famous,” said friends that she
Alex to her wanted to be
friends. famous.

18. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I enjoy the Jenny said that
beach,” Jenny she enjoyed the
said. beach.

19. Direct speech Indirect speech
“Brad is Brad’s mum said
studying,”his that he was
mum said. studying.

20. Direct speech Indirect speech
The tour guide
“You can see Big
said that I
Ben if you go to
could see Big
London,” the
Ben if I went to
tour guide said.
London.

21. Direct speech Indirect speech
“You must be 18 The police said
to drive,” the that I had to
police said. be 18 to drive.

22. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I will bring you Jane said that
my CD she would bring
tomorrow,” Jane me her CD the
said. next day.

23. Direct speech Indirect speech
“We have been He said that
here before,” they had been
he said. there before.

24. Direct speech Indirect speech
The reporter
“There was an
said that there
earthquake last
had been an
night,” the
earthquake the
reporter said.
night before.

25. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I hate reality Jenny said that
TV,” said she hated
Jenny. reality TV.

26. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I was really Clare said that
proud of my she had been
brother when he really proud of
won a quiz her brother
show,” said when he had
Clare. won a quiz show.

27. Direct speech Indirect speech
The MP stated
“These people
that those
deserve better,”
people deserved
stated the MP.
better.

28. Direct speech Indirect speech
Paul said that
“This café is
that café was
awful;” we can’t
awful and they
eat here!” said
couldn’t eat
Paul.
there.

29. Direct speech Indirect speech
Scarlett said
“I moved to
that she had
Oxford six
moved to
months ago, “
Oxford six
said Scarlett.
months before.

30. Direct speech Indirect speech
Jamie said that
“I buy the paper
he bought the
every day,” said
paper every
Jamie.
day.

31. Direct speech Indirect speech
“They are Kate told me
studying,” Kate that they were
told me. studying.

32. Direct speech Indirect speech
Mary said that
“Daniel called me
Daniel had
on Saturday,”
called her on
said Mary.
Saturday.

33. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I’ve seen all Helen announced
Almodóvar’s that she had
films,” seen all
announced Almodóvar’s
Helen. films.

34. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I’ll help you Ana said that
with your she would help
homework,” said me with my
Ana. homework.

35. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I can speak Richard
Portuguese,” declared that
declared he could speak
Richard. Portuguese.

36. Direct speech Indirect speech
“It may snow The weatherman
today,” warned warned that it
the might snow that
weatherman. day.

37. Direct speech Indirect speech
“I must go,” said Betty said that
Betty. she had to go.

38. Questions in reported
speech

39. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
 Subject + reporting
 Wh-questions. verb + wh-word +
subject + verb…
 Yes / No questions.
 Subject + reporting
verb + whether / if
+ subject + verb…

40. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
Contamos lo que La interrogativa
alguien ha deja de serlo y
preguntado sin se convierte en
hacer ningún una oración
cambio en sus enunciativa (sin
inversión sujeto
palabras. verbo, sin auxiliar,
sin signo de
interrogación).

41. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
Contamos lo que El resto de
alguien ha cambios que
preguntado sin vimos al
hacer ningún principio se
cambio en sus mantienen (verbos,
palabras. pronombres, adjetivos,
expresiones de tiempo,
expresiones de lugar).

42. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
Las Yes / No  Al pasarlas a
questions son las estilo indirecto
que se contestan empleamos el
con un sí o un verbo ask + if…
no.

43. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
Las Wh-questions
no se pueden
 Al pasarlas a
contestar con un sí estilo indirecto
o un no porque empleamos el
empiezan con una verbo ask +
partícula
interrogativa (What, Wh-word…
who, where, when, why,how,
…) .

44. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
I asked if they
“Are they eating
were eating
now?” I asked.
then.

45. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
“Is this our new Rachel asked if
car?” asked that was their
Rachel. new car.

46. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
“What is the
She asked what
name of the new
the name of the
film?” she
new film was.
asked.

47. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
“Where does Carol asked
Ryan live?” where Ryan
Carol asked. lived.

48. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
“Can we meet Don asked if we
now?” Don could meet
asked. then.

49. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
“How often do
Tim wanted to
you listen to the
know how often
Spanish radio?”
we listened to
Tim wanted to
the radio.
know.

50. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
“How is English She asked how
changing?” she English was
asked. changing.

51. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
“Why do girls The journalist
want to look like asked why girls
size zero wanted to look
models?” asked like size zero
the journalist. models.

52. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
“Have you seen Jude asked me if
the news?” I had seen the
asked Jude. news.

53. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
“How many
The organizers
people will be
asked how many
attending the
people would be
conference?”
attending the
asked the
conference.
organizers.

54. Direct speech Indirect speech
Questions
“Are we The magazine
obsessed with editor wondered
celebrities?” whether we
wondered the were obsessed
magazine editor. with celebrities.

55. Orders, requests and
suggestions in
reported speech

56. Direct speech Indirect speech
Affirmative orders and requests
Subject + reporting verb +
indirect object + to + infinitive…

57. Direct speech Indirect speech
Affirmative orders and requests
“Can you buy Susan asked me
some chocolate to buy some
when you go to chocolate when
the shop?” I went to the
asked Susan. shop.

58. Direct speech Indirect speech
Affirmative orders and requests
“Read the text,” The teacher told
said the teacher the students to
to the students. read the text.

59. Direct speech Indirect speech
Negative orders and requests
Subject + reporting verb +
indirect object + not + to +
infinitive…

60. Direct speech Indirect speech
Negative orders and requests
“Don’t move!” the
The policeman
policeman
ordered the
ordered the
criminal not to
criminal not to
move.
move.

61. Direct speech Indirect speech
Suggestions
• Subject + suggest + (not) + verb +
-ing…
• Subject + suggest + (that) + subject +
infinitive without to…
• Subject + suggest + (that) + should +
infinitive without to…

62. Direct speech Indirect speech
Suggestions
“Let’s not go to Jack suggested
France this not going to
year,” suggested France that
Jack. year.

63. Direct speech Indirect speech
Suggestions
“How about
Chloe suggested
having sushi
that we have
tonight?” said
sushi that night.
Chloe.

64. Direct speech Indirect speech
Suggestions
“Why don’t we Liam suggested
recycle more?” that we should
said Liam. recycle more.

65. Reporting verbs and
structures

66. Direct speech Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
Subject + reporting verb + (not)
+ to + infinitive…
agree / offer / promise / refuse / threaten

67. Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
He refused to leave the house.

68. Direct speech Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
Subject + reporting verb
+indirect object + (not) + to +
infinitive…
advise / ask / encourage / invite / order/
persuade / recommend / remind / tell / warn

69. Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
The weatherman warned us to
expect a storm that night.

70. Direct speech Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
Subject + reporting verb + (not)
+ verb + -ing…
apologize for / deny / recommend / suggest

71. Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
The paparazzi apologized for
harassing the actress.

72. Direct speech Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
Subject + reporting verb + (that)
+ subject + verb…
add / admit / agree / announce / claim /
complain / declare / deny / explain / insist /
mention / predict / promise / reply / reveal /
say / state / suggest

73. Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
The man admitted that he had
stolen the money.

74. Direct speech Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
Subject + reporting verb +
indirect object + (that) +
subject + verb…
persuade / remind / tell / warn

75. Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
Max reminded me that he was
going out that night.

76. Direct speech Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
Subject + reporting verb + if /
whether / wh-word + subject +
verb…
ask / enquire / question / wonder / want to
know

77. Indirect speech
Reporting verbs
The actor wondered whether he
would win a prize at the awards
ceremony that night.

78. Marga Renedo Gómez