Narration Change in English Grammar | Direct and indirect speech | Part 1 Prajnaparamita Bhowmik Email - prajnabhowmik@gmail.com In this lesson, I have discussed direct and indirect speech. How to change the mode of narration from direct to indirect and what are the rules of reported speech with lots of examples. For voice change video lesson, please click the link below, https://youtu.be/-tPZUxvtmks For pronoun in English grammar please click the link below, https://youtu.be/F83hNk9-zY8 For tenses please click the link below, https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8-qDf33uOjDUk6FvsvhuAoGPik9qgOOs For article please click the link below, https://youtu.be/rmTTH-2ONEw For all the sentences related video, please click the link below, https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8-qDf33uOjBbanTtTCN_bfQR6xAIQw2y

1. Narration Change
Direct Speech & Indirect Speech
For video lesson please copy and paste
the below mentioned link into your browser
https://youtu.be/dzIyk4GsEMs

2. John said “I’m hungry”.
“So am I” said Peter.
Direct and indirect speech

3. Grandma
said she
was baking
cookies
for you
I am
baking
cookies
for Jean.
Direct and indirect speech
Direct
Indirect

4. Lets look

5. Direct and indirect speech
Ravi said, “I’m going to the market”.
Ravi said (that) he was going to the
market.
Direct speech quotes actual words. So it is
called quoted speech.
Indirect speech reports what was said
without quoting exact words. It is called
reported speech

6. Direct and indirect speech
Ravi said ,“I’m going to the market”.
Ravi said( that) he was going to the
market.
Direct speech Indirect speech
Inverted comma “ “ No inverted comma, use that
Reported verb am Reported verb – was
Pronoun - I Pronoun - he

7. Identify direct and indirect speech
He said “I am busy”.
She said “I am tired”
Direct speech Indirect speech
Rita said (that) she lived there.
The girl said (that) she was reading.

8. Basic rules for indirect speech
Change in situation.
Change in pronoun.
Change in tense.
Change in time expression.

9. Change in situation.
The words are reported in another
place at different time.
spoken yesterdayreported today
The words are spoken in one place
and time.

10. Change in time and place.
Direct speech Indirect speech
today that day
now
then/at the
moment
yesterday the day before
last week the week before
Next year the following year
tomorrow the next day
Direct speech Indirect speech
here there
this that
ago before

11. Change in time and place.
Ravi said “I’ll be back next week”..
Ravi said he would be back the
following week .
Ravi said ,”I go to the market yesterday”.
Ravi said he went to the market the day before.

12. Change in pronoun.
Direct speech reported speech
I he/she
We they
You he/she/they
my his/her
our their
your his/her/their
Direct speech reported speech
me him/her
us them
you Him/her/them
mine his/hers
ours theirs
yours his/hers/theirs

13. Change in pronoun.
Ravi said “I’m going to the market”.
Ravi said that he was going to the market.
Mike and Tom said “We play
football”.
Mike and Tom said (that) they
played football.
We
they
I
he

14. Change in tense in reported
verb
Direct speech Reported speech
Simple Present
Paula said “I want to be a teacher”.
Simple Past
Paola said (that) she wanted to be a
tecaher.
Present continuous (am/is/are + -ing)
“I am going to the cinema” she said.
Past continuous (was/were + -ing)
She said (that) she was going to the
cinema.
Simple Past
He said “John phoned me”.
Past Perfect (had + -past participle)
He said (that) John had phoned him.

15. Change in tense in reported
verb
Direct speech Reported speech
will would
“Will you go there?” John said.
John asked if he would go there. Exceptions
Modals are usually unchanged in reported speech
She said “It must be pretty late. I really
must go”
She said it must be pretty late and she
really must go.

16. Change in tense in reported
verb
Exceptions
Modals are usually unchanged in
reported speech
would
shoul
d
could might
ought must
need
I was afraid “It might be too
late.”
I was afraid that It might be
too late.

17. Use of ‘that’
Conjunctin
that say, think
that reply, shout
She shouted, “I am busy.”
She shouted that she was
busy.
Verb
dropped
cannot dropped
He said “She phoned me”.
He said she had phoned him.

18. Thank
You
For video lesson please copy and paste
the below mentioned link into your browser
https://youtu.be/dzIyk4GsEMs