Drawing Standards

1. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
ENGINEERING DRAWING
&
GRAPHICS

2. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAWING
STANDARDDrawings are dimensioned using an accepted set of standards such as placing the dimension
text such that it is read from the bottom of the sheet.
ANSI – American National Standards Institute
ANSI Y14.1 1980 (R1987) – Drawing sheet size and format
ANSI Y 14.2M-1979 (R1987) – Line conventions and lettering
ANSI Y14.5M-1982(R1988) – Dimensioning and tolerances
ANSI Y 14.3-1975(R1987) – Multi view and sectional view drawings
ISO – International Standards Organization
JIS – Japanese Standards

3. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAWING
STANDARDSheet Layout Sheet Layout is the process of placing the border and title block on the
drawing sheet.
U.S. Customary drawing sheet layouts (inch sizes) are designed and recommended by the
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).
Metric sheet layouts (millimetre sizes) are designed and recommended by the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Margins for the borders on metric sheets are somewhat uniform in size, while those on U.S.
Customary sheets vary.
However, the sheet sizes and layouts prepared by ASME and ISO are simply
recommendations

4. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAWING
STANDARD

5. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAWING
STANDARD

6. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAWING
STANDARD

7. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAWING
STANDARD STEP BOOK
TITLE:
DWG No. _________ Roll No. _______
Objects:
STEP # 1:
STEP # 2:
STEP # 3:
STEP # 4:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
STEP # n:

8. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POINT
A point in geometry is the exact position or
location on a plane surface and are typically
displayed as dots.
A point is a thing, but it is not considered a
place.
A point is an address in space (x,y,z).
There are no dimensions for a point, which
means that it has no width or height.

9. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
LINEA Line is a straight path that is endless in both directions.
A Line is a set of points.
Adding the word "segment" is important, because a line normally extends in both directions
without end.
Line segment is the part of a line consisting of two endpoints and all points between them.
Ray A line with one end known and normally other end extends in other direction without
end.

10. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
VERTEXA vertex is defined as a point where two or
more lines meet.
A triangle has three vertices. A parallelogram
has four vertices. A six-sided figure has six
vertices. A pentagon is a five-sided figure and
has five vertices.
Cubes, cuboids and cones are all three-
dimensional figures.
A cube and a cuboid have eight vertices. The
corners of a table meet in a vertex.
A page of a book has four vertices. An angle
has a vertex too. The vertex of an angle is the
point where the two arms of the angle meet.

11. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
BISECTIONThe bisection is the division of something into two equal parts, usually by a line, which is
then called a bisector.
The most often considered types of bisectors are:
(1) segment bisector (a line that passes through the midpoint of a given segment)
(2) angle bisector (a line that passes through the apex of an angle, that divides it into two
equal angles).

12. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
LOCUSA locus (plural: loci) is a set of points (commonly, a line, a line segment, a curve or a
surface), whose location satisfies or is determined by one or more specified conditions.
A locus as a "bunch" of points or just a set of points, as it is a line, a line segment, a curve
or a surface.
Example: In figure d is the condition, the locus of points at a fixed distance(d), from point
P is a circle with the given point P as its center and d as its radius.

13. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONS
The word polygon means many angles.
A regular polygon is polygon with all side
equal and all angles equal.
A irregular polygon is polygon whose side and
angles are not equal.

14. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONSYou can draw the
triangle, square and
hexagon with help of
set square easily.
Sin θ =Perp/Hyp
Cos θ =Base/Hyp
Tan θ =Perp/Base
Hyp2
=Perp2
+Base2

15. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONS"CIRCUMCIRCLE, INCIRCLE, RADIUS AND APOTHEM"
They are names of the "outer" and "inner" circles (and each radius) that can be drawn on a
polygon:
The "outside" circle is called a circumcircle, and it connects all vertices (corner points) of
the polygon.
The radius of the circumcircle is also the radius of the polygon.
The "inside" circle is called an incircle and it just touches each side of the polygon at its
midpoint.
The radius of the incircle is the apothem of the polygon.

16. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYHEDRON
A polyhedron is a solid with flat faces
Cube
Its faces are all squares
Triangular Prism
Its faces are triangles
and rectangles
Dodecahedron
Its faces are pentagon
and flat

17. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYHEDRON
A polyhedron is a solid with flat faces
Platonic: A Platonic Solid is a 3D
shape where, each face is the
same regular polygon.
Prism: Top & bottom face is
same. and the same cross section
all along its length.
pyramid: A pyramid is made by
connecting a base to an apex.

18. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
NON-
POLYHEDRONA non-polyhedron is a solid with non-flat faces

19. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
ANGLES

20. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONSDraw Regular Pentagon:
a) If circle and line length are given then use compass.
b) i- mark the centre between O and D, it is C.
ii- take centre C and put compass over A and draw an arc. It is E.
iii- take centre A and put compass over E and draw an arc. It is B.
Now you have line length AB. Make equal parts using compass.

21. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONSDraw Regular Pentagon:
Write down steps of following:

22. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONS
Draw Regular Hexagon:
There are two easy ways to draw hexagon
(circumscribed circle).

23. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONS
Draw inscribed circle Hexagon:

24. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONS
Draw regular Hexagon with help of set square and
T-square (line AB is given):
Follow strokes.

25. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONS
Write steps to draw following

26. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONS
Write steps to draw following

27. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONS
Write steps to draw following

28. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONS
Draw Regular Octagon:

29. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
POLYGONS
Write steps to draw following

30. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
ENGINEERING
LINES & CURVES

31. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
TANGENT LINEA tangent line is a line that just touches the other line and points of both
lines are parallel.

32. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
TANGENT LINEDRAW A TANGENT LINE AT GIVEN POINT?

33. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
TANGENT LINEDRAW A TANGENT LINE TO A CIRCLE AT POINT P?

34. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
TANGENT LINEDRAW A TANGENT LINE TO TWO CIRCLE?

35. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
TANGENT LINEDRAW A TANGENT LINE TO TWO CIRCLE?

36. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
TANGENT ARC
TANGENT ARC WITH ONE OR MORE POINTS.

37. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
TANGENT ARCDRAW ARC TANGENT TO TWO LINES AT RIGHT ANGLES
Radius is given.
If not given then you will select yourself.

38. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
TANGENT ARCDRAW ARC TANGENT TO TWO LINES AT ACUTE AND OBTUSE ANGLES:
i- Draw parallel lines to both lines and will intersect at point C.
ii- Draw perpendicular lines at C, you will get point T on both lines.
Iii- Use the compass and make an arc T to T.

39. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAW

40. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAW

41. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAW

42. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
CONIC CURVES
A conic section (curve) is the
intersection of a plane and a cone.
Ellipse, Parabola, Hyperbola can be
produced by changing the angle and
location of intersection.
Circle, meaning "falling short", when
the cut is made at the parallel with
base.

43. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
CONIC CURVES
Ellipse, meaning "falling short", when
the cut is made at an angle less than
the parallel angle.
Parabola, meaning “besides”, when
the cut is made parallel to the side of
the cone, or at an angle equal to the
side angle of the cone.
Hyperbola, meaning “throwing
beyond”, when the cut is made at an
angle greater than the parallel angle.

44. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAW
GENEVA
CAM

45. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAW OUTSIDE
CALIPER

46. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER

47. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER

48. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAW HANGER

49. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
DRAW SPANNER

50. MEHRAN UNIVERSITY
OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO
B.E MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
BATCH-F16, 1ST
YEAR,1ST
SEMESTER
SYLLABUS
• Introduction & Basics: Introduction to graphic language, Essential drawing
instruments and their correct use. Line types and lettering. Basic drafting techniques
and standards. Curves used in engineering.
• Orthographic Projections:
• Orthographic multi view projection of some simple and composite solids.
• Sections: Sectioning and projection of auxiliary views.
• Surface Development: Surface development of simple solids such as cylinder, cone,
prism and pyramid, surface development of intersecting solids.
• Isometric Projections: Isometric projection / drawings of piping.
• Freehand/Sketching : Sketching and basic rules of sketching.
• Detail, assembly and Working Drawings: Preparing detail, assembly and working
drawings of various machine and engine parts such as, keys, cotters, foundation bolts,
screws, pulleys, couplings, bearings riveted joints and nut and bolts. Fundamentals of
geometric dimensioning and tolerance.
• Computer Aided Drawing: Computer aided drafting (CAD). Auto CAD Software