INHALATION AND EXHALATION MECHANISM OF LUNGS

1. Mr.Manthan Kapadiya

2. THE LUNGS:
• Respiratory organ
• Two lungs (left lung and right lung)
small because it
has two lobes
large because it
has three lobes

3. LOCATION
Lungs are located in thoracic cavity.
What is thoracic cavity?
The thoracic cavity, also called the chest cavity, is
a cavity of vertebrates bounded by the rib cage on
the sides and top, and the diaphragm on the
bottom.

4. THORACIC CAVITY:
• There are 12 pairs of ribs
• Muscles between rib bones are called intercostal
muscles
• Thick muscular structure below the lungs is
known as diaphragm.

5. CHARACTERTISTICS OF LUNGS
• Lungs are spongy and elastic.
• Lungs have blood vessels.
• Blood vessels of lungs have a specific name that
is pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins.

6. • Each lung is enclosed by two membranes which
are
 1.Outer pleural membrane 2.Inner pleural membrane
FUNCTION OF PLEURAL MEMBRANE:
Membrane encloses a fluid which provides
lubrication for expansions
and contraction of lungs.

7. INHALATION EXHALATION
The intake of air from The impure air is
environment into expelled out from
lungs is known as lungs during
inhalation exhalation.

8. INHALATION EXHALATION
Rib muscles contract
and ribs are raised.
Pressure on lungs
reduces. As a result
the lungs expand.
Rib muscles relax and
ribs came in original
position.
Pressure on lungs
increases. As a result
lungs contract.

9. INHALATION EXHALATION
The air rushes into The air expelled out
lungs to equalize the of lungs to equalize
pressure on both the pressure on both
sides. sides.
The dome-shaped The diaphragm muscles
diaphragm contract relax and it gets
and is lowered. raised dome shape.

11. Humans breathe 16-20 times per minute in
normal circumstances i.e. at rest.
During exercise or other hard physical works the
breathing rate increases up to 30-40 times per
minute.
The rate of breathing is controlled by respiratory
center in brain.