Thermal Engineering

1. Course-Thermal Engineering(22337)
Program -Mechanical Engineering
Semester-3
Unit-1 Fundamentals of Thermodynamics
By
Mr. Manoj Manik Charate
Lecturer
Mechanical Engineering Department
Brahmdevdada Mane Polytechnic, Belati, Solapur
Affiliated to
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai.
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2. Course Outcomes:
C303.1 Apply laws of thermodynamics to devices based
on thermodynamics.
C303.2 Use first law of thermodynamics for ideal gas in
closed systems.
C303.3 Use relevant steam boilers.
C303.4 Use relevant steam nozzles & turbines.
C303.5 Use relevant steam condensers.
C303.6 Use suitable models of heat transfer.
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3. Syllabus
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 Definition of Thermodynamics
 Concept of pure substance
 Concept of System,Surronding & Boundary
 Types of systems
 Properties of systems
 Processes a) Flow & Non flow
 Specific Volume & Density
 Pressure & Temperature
• Open System
• Closed System
• Isolated System

4. What is Thermodynamics?
Thermodynamicsisasciencewhich
dealswiththestudyof Energy
transformation&it’seffectson
properties.
The word Thermodynamics is
derived from the Greek word
‘Thermo’, which means Heat &
Dynamics means motion.
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5. Concept of Pure Substance
Asubstanceissaidtobepure
substancewhenit’schemical
compositionisconstantthroughout
it’sVolume.
Example Air, Salt, Water etc.
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6. System, Surroundings & Boundary
System: A quantity of matter or a region
in space chosen for study.
Surroundings: The mass or region
outside the system.
Boundary: The real or imaginary surface
that separates the system from its
surroundings..
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7. Type of system
Open system – both mass
and energy can cross the
selected boundary.
 Examples:
 an open cup of coffee,
 Turbine etc.
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8. Type of system
Closed system – only energy can
cross the selected boundary.
 Examples:
 Pressure Cooker,
 Metal Cube heated by
surrounding
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9. Type of system
Isolated system – neither mass nor energy can
cross the selected boundary.
 Examples:
 coffee in a closed well-insulated thermos
bottle etc.
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10. Properties of system
 Properties of a system is a measurable characteristic of a system.
 Properties may be Intensive or Extensive.
 Intensive – Are independent of the amount of mass.
 e.g: Temperature, Pressure, and Density
 Extensive – varies directly with the mass.
 e.g: mass, volume, energy, enthalpy
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11. Properties of system
Intensive & Extensive Properties.
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12. Process
Flow & Non-Flow Process
 The process occurring in open systems which permits the transfer
of mass to & from the system are known as flow process.
 The process occurring in closed systems which do not permit the
transfer of mass across their boundary are known as Non flow
process.
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13. Specific Volume & Density
 The specific volume of a substance defined as Volume per unit
mass.
 For indicating Specific volume Symbol V is used.
 It’s unit is m3/kg.
 Density of a substance defined as mass per unit Volume.
 For indication Density Symbol ρ used.
 It’s unit is kg/m3
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14. Pressure & Temperature
 Pressure (P) is the force per unit area.
 P= F/A.
 It’s unit is N/m2 or Pa.
 1 Atm= 1.01325 Bar
 Temperature (T) is a degree or
intensity of heat present in a Substance
or object. .
 It’s unit is °C , Kelvin(k) &
Fahrenheit (F)
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15. Thank You !
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