The technique of DNA Profiling is based on sequencing 0.1 % DNA which is unique in each individual . This technique was developed by Alec Jeffreys in 1984 . It's a technique used to identify living things based on their DNA by looking at unique patterns in their DNA

1. DNA FINGERPRINTING
(DNA PROFILING)
BIOLOGY- LET’S SIMPLIFY

2. DNA FINGERPRINTING : BRIEF
HISTORY
• Also called DNA Profiling or Genetic
Fingerprinting.
• Developed by- Alec Jeffreys in 1984
• Used to identify living things
based on samples of their DNA,
by looking at unique patterns .

3. IMPORTANT FACTS
• 99.9% DNA base sequences are identical in every
individual .(Bulk genomic DNA)
• Only 0.1% DNA base sequences are different.
Exception – monozygotic twins.
(single zygote)
Types of repeat seq. used in DNA Profiling-
1. VNTRs – Variable Number Tandem Repeats.
2. STRs – Short Tandem Repeats.

4. SATELLITE DNA
• Highly repetitive non coding DNA
• Often found near centromere, telomere ,
heterochromatic area.
• Density differs from bulk genomic DNA.
• Separated as Satellite from bulk DNA using
Density Gradient Centrifugation.

5. SATELLITE DNA TYPES
Microsatellite Minisatellite
Short tandem repeats
that consist of 1 to 9
base pairs monomer
repeating sequences.
Tandem repeats with
a monomer repeat
length of 10 to 100
base pairs.
Rich with A and T
bases.
Rich with G and C
bases.
Also known as simple
sequence repeats
(SSR) or short tandem
repeats (STR).
Also known as variable
number tandem repeats
(VNTR).

7. DNA PROFILING STEPS
• DNA ISOLATION
• PCR : DNA AMPLIFICATION
• CUTTING : RESTRICTION ENZYMES
• SORTING : GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
• SOUTHERN BLOTTING
• PROBING : RADIOACTIVE DNA PROBE
• X- RAY FILM EXPOSURE