The system of Govt

1. HAZRAT UMER’S (R.A)SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT
BY:SHER MUHAMMAD

2. INTRODUCTION
• Hazrat Umer(R.A) assumed the office of Khilafat in 634 and was martyred in 644.
• History merits him to be the greatest of world’s rulers & conquerors
• Islamic state under his Khilafat had an area of 58 lac square km (07 times larger than the area of
Pakistan)

3. SALIENT FEATURES OF HIS SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT
 Sense of responsibility
• Hazrat Umer(R.A) knew very well what Islam demanded from a ruler .
• He was not happy when he was given the responsibility of Khilafat .
• He himself said that he only accepted the responsibility because Hazrt Abu Baker (R.A) wanted him to
do so & he could not dare disobeying him

4. SELFLESS SERVICE
• Through self example , he proved that a Muslim ruler was the most humble servant of people
• Once a few camels of the Bait-Ul-Maal ran away to the desert .He himself went there to bring them
back
• To a question of his companion , he replied “Am I not the most humble of all the slaves” .

5. SOCIAL SECURITY
• The concept of social security as the prime responsibility of the state reached its climax during his
Khilafat.
• He once said “ Umer will be held accountable if a dog at the bank of Dajla dies of hunger”.
• He established a system of permanent financial support for widows , orphans and the destitute from
the Bait-Ul-Maal
• An amount of money for purchase of milk was fixed for newly born babies

6. EQUALITY
• This was the most outstanding feature of his system of government
• During his Khilafat ,Madina was hit by worst type of famine He ordered all the citizens of Madina to
deposit all the eatables they had , in the Bait-Ul-Maal. Food was cooked in a common kitchen & was
served in a common mess .
• Disabled & the women were served food at home
• The Caliph & his family members were served after everybody else had been served

7. SUPREMACY OF LAW
• The system of justice established by Hazrat Umer(R.A) had all the pre-requisites necessary for rule of
law.
• Appointment of very pious and honest people as Qazis (Judges) on handsome salaries.
• Officials of the state & common people had an equal status before law.
• Hazrat Umer(R.A) himself appeared in the court.

8. FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION
• Hazrat Umer(R.A) set high slandered about freedom of expression
• Hazrat Umer(R.A) said “ Let him speak ,if people do not criticize us , they are of no use . If we do not
listen to them , we are of no use “

9. Democracy
• The Prophet (P.B.U.H) set up a democratic state (Madina).
• Hazrat Umer’s (R.A) Khilafat was based on the same democratic principles .
• The state of Madina served as a role model of democracy for the rest of the world
• French philosopher , Rousseau wrote a book “ The Social Contract “ from which the western world took
its first lessons of democracy .
• Rousseau opens the book with a statement which sounds to be a direct copy of the Hazrat Umer’s (R.A )
sentence which he wrote in a letter to one of his governors “ Mothers give birth to free men , how dare
you to make them slaves “
• Rousseau has clearly admitted in his book that the Prophet (P.B.U.H) & his companions were the first
torch bearers of democracy in the world.
• Indian leader Mohatama Gandhi also paid tributes to system of government set by Hazrat Umer’ (R.A)

10. Rights of Minorities
• Hazrat Umer’s (R.A) treatment of the non Muslims was exemplary
 Incident of Mosque

11. Discipline / Administration
• Hazrat Umer’ (R.A) ,For the first time , established a perfect system of government that would served as
a role model for times to come .He was the pioneer of the systems like :
 Population census
 Division of the country/ state into provinces & administrative division (districts )
 Appointment of governors & functionaries & their accountability to the head of state
 Appointment of tax collectors (Sahib –Ul -Kharaj) in each province.
 Appointment of police chief (Sahib –Ul -Ahdath)
 Appointment of the secretary (Katib)
 Appointment of finance minister ((Sahib –e-Bait-Ul-Maal)
 Appointment of judges (Qazis) in all the provinces
 Establishment of Diwan (Secretariat) to maintain the account of the salaries & financial assistance paid
to the soldiers & the families of Mujahideen

12. Thank You