Bioinstrumentation is a subject encompassing different techniques and concepts in the field of Biotechnology and it's application in day to day life. The techniques introduced: - Spectrophotometry - Spectroscopy - Electromagnetic Waves By Mohammed Valikarimwala FY BSc Biotechnology Fergusson college, Pune

1. MohammedValikarimwala
Fergusson College, Pune
SpectroscopyBioinstrumentation
E.M.WavesSpectrophotometry

2. Bioinstrumentation is an application of biomedical engineering, which focuses
on the devices and mechanics used to measure, evaluate, and treat biological
systems. It focuses on the use of multiple sensors to monitor physiological
characteristics of a human or animal.

3. Fitness
Trackers
Genetic
testing
Drug
delivery/aiding
machines
Biomedical optics
Botany
Agriculture

5. Spectrometry
deals with the
measurement of
a specific
spectrum.

7. It is a well known fact that light is
composed of electromagnetic radiation
which is often treated as a wave
phenomenon which has a defined
wavelength. In a wave, wavelength is
defined by the distance in a wave where
the shape of the wave repeats and is
usually determined by the distance
between corresponding points of the same
phase.
E = h*c / λ
v=c / λ E = h. ν
**Note – frequency and wavelength
are inversely proportional to each other.

9. The entire electromagnetic spectrum, from the lowest to the highest
frequency (longest to shortest wavelength), includes all radio waves (e.g.,
commercial radio and television, microwaves, radar), infrared radiation,
visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays. Nearly all
frequencies and wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation can be used
for spectroscopy.

10. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy or ultraviolet–visible
spectrophotometry refers to absorption spectroscopy
or reflectance spectroscopy in the ultraviolet-visible
spectral region. This means it uses light in the visible
and adjacent ranges.

11. Ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy works on a principle similar to that of colorimetry,
except it uses ultraviolet light. UV spectroscopy is also called electronic
spectroscopy, because the results depend on the electrons in the chemical
bonds of the sample compound. Researchers use UV spectrometers to study
chemical bonding and to determine the concentrations of substances (nucleic
acids for example) that do not interact with visible light.
UV Spectrometers

12. Chemists use infrared (IR) spectrometers to measure the response of a sample to
infrared light. The device sends a range of IR wavelengths through the sample to
record the absorbance. IR spectroscopy is also called vibrational or rotational
spectroscopy because the vibrational and rotational frequencies of atoms bonded
to each other, are the same as the frequencies of IR radiation. IR spectrometers
are used to identify unknown compounds or to confirm their identity since the IR
spectrum of a substance serves as a unique "fingerprint."

15. A cuvette is a piece of laboratory equipment that is intended to hold samples for
spectroscopic analysis. Cuvettes are made from glass, plastic, or optical-grade quartz.
Plastic cuvettes have the advantage of being less expensive and disposable and are
often used in fast spectroscopic assays.

16. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioinstrumentation
https://www.slideshare.net/mariomS7/uvvis-spectroscopy
https://www.labcompare.com/Spectroscopy/116-Infrared-Spectrophotometer-IR-FTIR-
Spectrometer/
https://www.britannica.com/science/electromagnetic-spectrum
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/electromagnetic%20wave
https://labiotech.eu/features/biosensors-health-monitoring/