Simulation of 2.4 GhZ rectangular and 2.4 Ghz circular microstrip patch antenna using HFSS software

1. SIMULATION OF 2.4 GHZ MICROSTRIP PATCH
ANTENNA IN HFSS SOFTWARE
COURSE- M.TECH
BRANCH:- ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
SUBJECT:- MODERN COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS(CECNG-
524)
SUBMITTED TO:-
PROF DR. R. NAKKERAN
SUBMITTED BY:

2. OVERVIEW
Introduction
Working
Different type of microstrip antenna ( constant )
Basic structure of microstrip antenna
CALCULATION of Parameters
FEEDING TECHNIQUES IN MICROSTRIP ANTENNA
SCHEMATIC DESIGN
OUTPUT
ADVANTAGES OF PATCH ANTENNA
DISADVANTAGES OF PATCH ANTENNA
APPLICATIONS
Reference

3. INTRODUCTION
In general Micro strip antenna are also known as “ PATCH ANTENNA”
H is metallic patch placed on dielectric material and supported by the ground plane.
It consists of a metal ‘patch’ on top of a grounded dielectric substrate
It could be easily fabricated on printed circuit board ( PCB ).
It is most widely used antenna.
Installation is very easy due to law size , weight and cost.
One of the most useful antennas at microwave frequencies( f>1 Ghz).
Micro strip patch antenna or patch antenna is a narrowband width antenna.
The patch may be in variety of shapes but circular and rectangular are the most common.
Micro strip patch antennas patches are in variety of shapes, such as rectangular square ,
triangular and circular…… etc.

4. WORKING
• The patch acts approximately as a resonant cavity (short circuit walls
on top and bottom, open-circuit walls on the sides).
• In a cavity, only certain modes are allowed to exist, at different resonant
frequencies.
• If the antenna is excited at a resonant frequency, a strong field is set up
inside the cavity, and a strong current on the (bottom) surface of the
patch. This produces significant radiation (a good antenna).

5. DIFFERENT TYPE OF MICROSTRIP
ANTENNA
Square
Dipole
Circle
Rectangular
Elliptical
Triangle
Polygon
Ring sector
Disc sector
Circular ring

6. BASIC STRUCTURE OF MICROSTRIP
ANTENNA
Typically h is much smaller than operating wavelength but not smaller
than .05 of wavelength.

7. FEEDING TECHNIQUES IN MICROSTRIP
ANTENNA

8. MICROSTRIP FEED LINE
 Z1 CAN BE ALTERED BY CHANGING WIDTH OF
QUARTER WAVELENGTH STRIP.

9. PROBE OR COAXIAL FEED
EASY TO FABRICATE.
LOW SPURIOUS RADIATION.
FEED CAN BE PLACE AT ANY DESIRED LOCATION TO
MATCH INPUT IMPEDANCE.
NARROW BANDWIDTH.
FOR THICKER SUBSTRATES,THE INCREASED PROBE
LENGTH MAKES Zin MORE INDUCTIVE

10. PROXIMITY-COUPLED FEED
 FEED LINE IS BETWEEN THE TWO
SUBSTRATES AND THE RADIATING PATCH IS
ON TOP OF THE UPPER SUBSTRATE.
 ELIMINATES SPURIOUS RADIATION
 HIGH BANDWIDTH
 DIFFICULT TO FABRICATE
 Length of feeding stub and width-to-length
ratio of patch is used to control the match.

11. APERTURE COUPLED FEED
 THE RADIATING PATCH AND THE MICROSTRIP
FEED LINE ARE SEPARATED BY THE GROUND
PLANE.
 THE AMOUNT OF COUPLING FROM THE FEED
LINE TO THE PATCH IS DETERMINED BY THE
SHAPE, SIZE AND LOCATION OF THE APERTURE.
 LOW SPURIOUS RADIATION.
 DIFFICULT TO FABRICATE.
 NARROW BANDWIDTH.

12. DESIGN AND
RESULT OF 2.4 GHZ
CIRCULAR
MICROSTRIP
PATCH ANTENNA

13. SIMULATED DESIGN

14. RESULT
S PARAMETER

15. ANTENNA RADIATION PATTERN

16. 3D POLAR PLOT REPORT

17. DESIGN AND RESULT
OF 2.4 GHZ
RECTANGULAR
MICROSTRIP PATCH
ANTENNA

18. SIMULATED DESIGN

19. RESULT
S PARAMETER

20. ANTENNA RADIATION
PATTERN

21. 3D POLAR PLOT REPORT

22. ADVANTAGES OF PATCH ANTENNA
Linear & circulation be easily achieved.
Light weight and low volume
Easy to fabricate(use etching & photolithography)
Easy to feed(coaxial cable , microstrip line etc.)
Easy to use in an array or incorporate with other microstrip circuit elements
Mechanically robust when mounted on a rigid surface

23. DISADVANTAGES OF PATCH ANTENNA
Narrow bandwidth.
Gain around (5 to 7 db ).
Radiation into only half plane.
Low power handling capacity.
Conductor and dielectric losses are more severe for thinner substrates.
Surface wave losses become more severe for thicker substrates(unless air or
foam is used).

24. APPLICATIONS
AIRCRAFTS
SPACECRAFT
SATELLITE
MISSILE
MOBILE

25. REFERENCE
Shaw, M., Chakravorty, D., Islam, S.,Gangopadhyaya, M. “A simple star
shaped microstrip patch antenna for penta band application.” In 2nd
International Conference on Electronics, Materials Engineering & Nano-
Technology (IEMENTech), Kolkata,2018, p. 1-3.
R. Chair, K. F. Lee, and K. M. Luk, “Bandwidth and cross-polarization
characteristics of quarter-wave shorted patch antennas,” Microw. Opt.
Technol. Lett., vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 101–103, 1999
https://electronicsdesk.com/patch -antenna.html

26. Thank you