2. PERSONNEL: CLASSIFICATION
• “classification and standardization of public
employment constitutes, indeed, the starting point or
the basis upon which the whole personnel structure
must rest” – W. F Willoughby
• “upon proper classification depends the efficiency of
recruitment, the possibility of creating a rational
promotional system, and the equitable treatment of
the people working in different departments.” –
Herman Finer
• ….placing things in classes
3. PERSONNEL: CLASSIFICATION
• …systematic classification is essential
• …brings orderliness in the system
• ….makes for uniform treatment of all the people
who are grouped together on certain criteria
• …justification of differential privileges given to
certain categories of personnel
• ….identification of various hierarchic layers and
functional segments of the services
4. PERSONNEL: CLASSIFICATION
• …has functional value and validity
• …two systems of classification in the World
• ….Position Classification and Rank Classification
Position Classification
• …USA, Japan, Canada follows this classification
• ….grouping of positions on the basis of
similarities of duties and requirement
5. PERSONNEL: CLASSIFICATION
Position Classification
• …classification of positions, not of persons
holding it
• …..positions may be vacant, occupied, temporary,
permanent, full time or part time
• ….classification of duties and responsibilities of
the positions being classified to justify
nomenclature, selection, pay and other personnel
matters
6. PERSONNEL: CLASSIFICATION
Position Classification
• …provides high degree of specialisation
• …..upholds the principle of equal pay for equal
work
• ….emphasis on merit than seniority
• ….brings rigidity in personnel administration
• …not suitable for developing countries
7. PERSONNEL: CLASSIFICATION
Rank Classification
• …classification based on rank
• …..UK, France, India, Pakistan, Germany follows
this
• ….employees are classified in hierarchical order
• ….employees are classified, not the job
• …salary and status depends on the ranks, not the
post
8. PERSONNEL: CLASSIFICATION
Rank Classification
• …an IAS enjoys the same salary and status
whether he/she serves Central or State
governments
• …..more suitable for generalist
• ….it makes the employees feel more secure
• ….it does not promote much specialization
• ….violates ‘equal pay for equal work’
9. PERSONNEL: CLASSIFICATION
Classification in India
1. All India Services
2. Central Services, Class I/Group -A
3. Central Services, Class II/Group -B
4. Central Services, Class III/Group -C
5. Central Services, Class IV/Group -D
6. Central Secretariat Services, Class I, II, III, IV/
Group –A, B, C, D
7. Specialist Services
8. State Services, Class I, II, III, IV
10. PERSONNEL: CLASSIFICATION
Classification in India
1. Gazetted Class
….Class I and Class II
…the names of the members are published in
the government gazette for appointment,
transfer, promotion and retirement
….are called officers
…enjoys certain privileges
2. Non-Gazetted Class
…..Class III and Class IV
…are called employees
11. PERSONNEL: CLASSIFICATION
Classification in India
• ….whether to continue with Rank Classification or
replace it with Position Classification?
• ..the IAS supports Rank Classification
• ….the IFS, IES supports Position Classification
• ..the ARC has recommended the adoption of
position classification
