Metsätaimitarhapäivät 2021 pidettiin webinaarina 20.-21.1.21.

1. 1

2. 2
Kasvu 1 Technology Platform:
• Up and running since January 2020
• Over 4 100 SE lines (initiated 2011-2019)
• 1 463 SE lines in testing process (lab → field)
• SE lines of Scots' pine
• varying in their extractive content; these being
tested for fungal resistance
• Ornamental SE lines of Norway spruce
• Circa 20 available
• over 200 new SE lines with ornamental potential
initiated 2020
• Over 100 000 Pv1 Laukansaari
emblings sold to nurseries Regenerate
d emblings

3. 3
Why VP & Somatic embryogenesis?
Breeding results utilized rapidly in the field
- Elite trees propagated directly
- Genomic selection ”breeding without breeding”
Regeneration material available
irrespective to flowering
- After initiation emblings can be produced by need basis
- Juvenile material available for decades via cryopreservation
Exceptional features of individual trees utilized in propagation
Genetic composition of propagation lot is known
- Genetic diversity is known and can be maintained
- For example genotypes prone to diseases can be excluded

4. 4 4
Propagation
pilots with
customers Tryffle
spruce / SS
ERDF:
Fungus-SE line
interactions
RoboSE / Southern
Savo ERDF: robotics
HealGenCAR / SNS
Centre of Advanced Research
in forest genetics and health
issues
Tissue Culture
for 21st Century
Forests
Technology development
MULMULTIFOREVER
ERA-NET ForestValue:
shoot bud initiations,
gene expression /field
experiments, up-scaling,
communications
SOMAGENO
Tandem Forest
Values: marker-
based selection & SE
KASVU2 / MMM :
special greenhouse in
connection of KASVU1
SE technology platform
Tree breeding
programme
VOAS/Luke
KuusiSE
Luke strategic project
SE materials,
cryostorage, testing
a
i
n
e
i
s
t
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t

5. 5 5
Heterobasidion root rot
22.1.2021
• Norway sprce (Picea abies)
• Heterobasidion root rot:
• Major forest pathogen
• Wood decay
• Windfall
• Climate change
• Wood production and quality
• Economic losses
‒ 50 M € Finland
10
m
Photo: T. Piri, Luke
20-50
cm
/
yr
Photos: K Korhonen, Luke

6. 6 6
Genetic variability in root rot resistance
22.1.2021
• Quantitative trait
• 1 gene identified and validated
leucoanthocyanidin reductase PaLAR3
• Enzyme of the flavonoid biosynthesis
pathway
• Resistance to pathogens and pests
• 2 alleles: A & B
• 27 % reduction of the fungal spread
(Nemesio-Gorriz et al 2016)
27
%
PaLAR3B

7. 7 7
The aim of the study:
22.1.2021
SE - a powerful tool
• Delicate process, optimisation of every
step
• Genotypic differences in SE-capacity
• Genetic and physiological factors
• Phenolic compounds consume
energy
• SE suitable for prodution of more
resistant forest regeneration
material eg with PaLAR3B allele?
• Trade off between resistance and
SE propagation ability?

8. 8 8
22.1.2021
Edesi et al. Ms under review
PaLAR3B allele genotyping
• Parents (80 plus trees used for SE-production)
• SE-progeny (7 full-sib families, 241 genotypes)
Allele delivery to SE-progeny
• Embryo production (E/gFW) 191 SE-lines
• Germination
• Embling viability % after 1st growing season (49 lines, 1498
emblings)
Material and methods
Allele frequency
Photo: M. Tikkinen
Photo: M. Tikkinen

9. 9 9
Results and discussion
22.1.2021
Edesi et al. Ms under review
Genotying:
• Parents: 45 % carry B-allele
• In line with previous results
• SE-progeny: Allele delivered 
SE production:
• Embryo production:
• All families produce embryos
‒ Gentoypic differences
• Germination: no differences
• Viability:
• Viable emblings in all families
• 3 families lower viability
‒ Low number of lines
‒ Overall gentoypic differences
‒ Resource allocation?
 more studies with broader material needed
Allele frequency
Photo: M. Tikkinen
Photo: M. Tikkinen

10. 10 10
Conclusions and future prospects
22.1.2021
27
%
PaLAR3B
PaLAR3B SE New
markers
 SE-production suitable for
propagation material with
resistance traits
 New resistance markers
 Production of more root rot resistant
forest regeneration material

11. 11 11
WIP
22.1.2021
Photo: J. Edesi
Genomic
analyses
New markers
Phenotyping
Inoculation
Lesion length (LL)
Fungal growth (FG)
SE-progeny
Photo: M. Tikkinen
Parents
Genotyping
Resistance marker
x x
Photo: M. Tikkinen
Photos:
J.
Edesi
Photo: M. Tikkinen

12. Thank you!
Norway spruce SE: Mikko Tikkinen, Jaanika Edesi, Saila Varis, Sakari
Välimäki, Tuija Aronen, Laura Paavilainen, Frida Salonen, Susanne
Heiska, Laura Jaakola, Airi Huttunen, Paula Matikainen, Kaija Porkka
Field staff of Luke
Collaborators:
Metsänjalostusohjelma, XAMK, Metsähallitus, Metsä Group, Stora Enso,
UPM, Partaharjun Puutarha, Savonlinnan kaupunki, Tapio, Fin Forelia,
Ruokavirasto, Valoya, Joulupuuseura, SLU, Svenska Skogsplantor, Swe
Tree Technologies, Natural Resources Canada
Root rot resistance:
SLU: Malin Elfstrand, Ulrika Egertsdotter